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采用短波长特征X射线衍射方法,无损测定镍基高温合金定向结晶叶片内部晶体取向及其分布,阐述其测定原理。通过单点扫描的方式,实现对定向结晶叶片内部一条直线上晶体取向分布的无损检测;通过分析衍射峰宽,实现扫描方向上晶粒尺寸的测量;结合内部晶体取向及扫描测试结果,确定样品内部不同取向的晶粒至少存在5个;通过晶体取向角的梯度变化特征探讨晶界类型的区分。为短波长特征X射线衍射技术用于无损检测定向结晶以及单晶叶片内部晶体缺陷奠定基础。 相似文献
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先进高强钢在汽车工业中发挥着重要的支撑作用,针对先进高强钢组织、性能与工艺的研究已经颇多,但受限于实验室表征技术对样品的穿透深度较低,关于其塑性变形过程的原位实验研究较少。目前,关于先进高强钢塑性变形的精准表征,特别是在服役过程中组织演变的原位研究逐渐成为学术界关注的焦点,同步辐射高能X射线衍射(High-Energy X-ray Diffraction, HE-XRD)技术在倒易空间分辨率与穿透深度方面具有显著提升,可以实现材料在服役状态下受应力变形和其他复杂环境的高效原位、精准无损表征。简述了同步辐射HE-XRD的基本原理,综述了HE-XRD在先进高强钢塑性变形研究中如析出相强化、位错强化、载荷配分、局部变形带和织构等方面的应用,并指出了HE-XRD在先进高强钢研究领域的应用价值。 相似文献
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残余应力测试分析技术 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
对残余应力的测试在学术研究和工程应用中越来越重要,是获取零件服役条件以及工艺制造的应力状态的重要方法 ,可以为零件寿命的预测和制造工艺的控制等提供重要的参考.目前,残余应力的测试方法 多样.介绍了残余应力的测试方法 及其所能达到的测试层深,以及几种新型的残余应力的测试方法 及其适用的范围;阐述了残余应力的定义和形成机理,并对引入残余应力的常见表面形变强化工艺进行了分析,介绍了不同的工艺下形成的残余应力的特征;最后,指出了对目前残余应力测试和研究中存在的问题和发展趋势,提出了三维原位无损分析、残余应力和模拟相结合的跨学科系统研究以及形成相关的大数据库平台系统将是未来发展的方向. 相似文献
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利用X射线衍射峰形分析方法,研究冷加工变形Pb-Ca-Sn合金的位错类型、密度和晶粒尺寸分布。结果表明:该合金的位错密度在1010cm-2数量级。衍射谱峰形的应变宽化可用位错对比因子来解释。利用新开发的PM2K软件包计算了晶粒尺寸。通过假设晶粒尺寸呈对数正态分布,利用X射线峰形分析得到的晶粒尺寸参数可得到晶粒分布函数。 相似文献
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The texture evolution of continuous cast AA 5052 aluminum alloy during hot rolling was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The β fiber rolling texture formed under various hot and cold deformation conditions was compared. The results show that deformation at elevated temperatures results in a stronger β fiber rolling texture than that at room temperature. 相似文献
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塑性变形对铝合金弹性模量的影响 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
回弹是影响弯曲件精度的主要障碍 ,而弹性模量是影响回弹的重要因素之一。一般工程应用中都把弹性模量作为常数 ,而实际上弹性模量随塑性变形的进展在不断发生变化。为了准确把握弹性模量值在塑性变形过程中的变化规律 ,针对应用广泛的铝合金材料 ,采用静力学实验方法 ,对常用的退火LY12及退火LF2 1铝合金的弹性模量在塑性变形中的变化情况进行了实验研究。得到了弹性模量值随塑性变形程度及加载方式变化的规律 ,并分别归纳为数学模型。 相似文献
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When measuring residual stress of coarse-grain aluminum alloy using X-ray diffraction method,the diffraction profile shows two peaks and position of measured 2d will be changed,which lead to an inaccurate measurement result.Hence,in this paper,some methods were employed to improve the measurement accuracy.During the measuring process,different parameters(diameter of irradiated area,Ψ-oscillation range and exposure time) were selected and profile peak shift method was utilized.Moreover,when the 20 of profiles was determined,different calculation methods were used to calculate the residual stress.The results show that diameter of irradiated area and Ψ-oscillation range have significant influence on the measuring result.For stress value calculated directly from the test equipment,cross correlation method is more accurate than the absolute peak.Furthermore,another two calculation methods of slope with 2θ- sin~2Ψ and e- sin~2 Ψ were used to calculate the stress based on parameters(2θ,ε) obtained from cross correlation method.It is concluded that 20- sin~2Ψ method can further improve the measurement accuracy. 相似文献
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利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜分析了不同冷轧变形量对Al-Mg-Si合金显微组织和微观织构的影响。结果表明:随着变形量的增加,再结晶织构Cube{001}<100>会经由Goss{011}<100>逐渐演变为以Copper{112}<111>和S{123}<634>为主要取向的形变织构,而Goss{011}<100>的体积分数表现为先增大后减小的趋势;合金形变带织构主要由强度较高的Copper{112}<111>织构和强度较弱的Cube{001}<100>织构组成;当变形量小于20%时,晶粒主要取向为{001}、{012},变形量大于40%时,{011}、{112}、{123}成为主要的晶粒取向。 相似文献
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基于数值模拟的方法研究在循环塑性变形下铝合金板的力学行为。首先,通过Cockcroft-Latham韧性断裂准则得到材料的断裂极限应力图,并通过实验对成形极限应力图进行验证。数值模拟结果表明:滚边时弯曲中心的应变路径可以认为是平面应变状态;采用绳式滚边方法可以改善在弯曲中心线上的应力集中现象。从滚边断口的扫描电镜照片可以发现,循环塑性变形对铝合金板的韧性断裂行为有影响。 相似文献
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虽然已有较多锆合金氢化物的研究,但对于较高氢含量中锆合金氢化物的研究较少。首先对Zr-Sn-Nb管材在400℃下气相渗氢,通过保温不同时间获得三种不同氢含量(147、340、1480 ppm)的渗氢样品。随后采用OM、SEM、TEM和EBSD表征技术,研究了Zr-Sn-Nb管材中氢化物的微观结构、与基体的晶体学取向关系。结果表明:氢含量影响管材中氢化物的取向,α-Zr基体与氢化物之间存在(0001)α∥{111}δ和{10-17}α∥{111}δ两种取向关系。EBSD分析表明氢化物从一个基体晶粒生长向另一个基体晶粒时取向会随着基体晶粒取向的变化而变化。部分锆基体晶粒内同时有晶内氢化物和晶间氢化物,而只有晶内氢化物与锆基体有晶体学取向关系。 相似文献
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In order to improve the prediction capability of spring-back in aluminum sheet metal forming, the influence of the plastic deformation on elastic modulus is considered when the material undergoes a large plastic deformation. The present work focused on establishing a new model to accurately describe the relation of elastic modulus and plastic deformation. The tensile tests were performed to investigate the influence of plastic deformation on elastic modulus at low strain rate. Two different aluminum sheets were used, AA2024-T3 and LY12-CZ, and the thickness of sheet metals was 1.3 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. In order to overcome the drawback, which is directly measuring the slope of tension curve to obtain elastic modulus, an extrapolation method was adopted. The proposal macroscopic piecewise sinusoidal function can accurately model the elastic modulus variation. 相似文献
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Au/NiCr/Ta films were prepared by plating and then annealed at 400 °C in Ar gas for an hour. The Au diffraction peak positions including incidence angles 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45° were measured by a glancing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) method. Residual stresses were then calculated using the sin2ψ method. The results indicate that the residual stress in the as-deposited Au/NiCr/Ta films was about 50 MPa, but was decreased down to − 5 MPa in average after samples annealing. The XRD analysis on crystal orientation shows that only the diffraction peaks of Au were found. There are no alloying phases in the plating Au film, and the interlayer of NiCr and Ta is too thin to be detected by the conventional XRD. The XRD also revealed that the films are highly textured with Au-(111) or a mixture of Au-(111) and Au-(200) orientation, and the (111)/(200) intensity ratio decreases after samples annealed. 相似文献