基于磁性分子印迹联用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱测定海产品中的三丁基锡

以四氧化三铁作为支撑体进行表面分子印迹,通过两步聚合,在其表面修饰上功能单体（甲基丙烯酸MAA）,与模板分子（三丁基锡TBT）、交联剂（二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯EGDMA）和致孔剂（乙腈）聚合,成功地制备了能特异性识别TBT的磁性分子印迹聚合物（Fe₃O₄@MIPs）。对其进行物理表征,并研究了其吸附、选择等能力。结果表明,该磁性分子印迹聚合物对比传统印迹聚合物有更大的吸附量,更显著的选择吸附性,而因其磁性分离特性,前处理过程变得更简易,快速。用磁性分子印迹聚合物作为吸附剂富集分离,在多种海产样品中的检测限为1.0 ng/g,加标回收率是79.74%⁹5.72%,线性范围是5 ng/g到1000 ng/g。对贻贝、泥蚶和大黄鱼进行并联合高效液相色谱电感耦合等离子质谱（HPLC-ICP-MS）分析,样品加标回收率范围在79.74%⁹5.72%,RSD（相对标准偏差）在1.3%⁴.7%。该方法总分析时间更短,检测限更低,线性范围更宽,能更好地应用于海水和海产品中三丁基锡的测定。      

贝类水产品中有机锡和甲基汞的检测研究

目的建立贝类水产品中甲基汞、三甲基锡(TMT)、一丁基锡(MBT)、二丁基锡(DBT)、三丁基锡(TBT)和三苯基锡(TPhT)等6种有机锡和甲基汞化合物的高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱(HPLC-ICP-MS)的分离检测方法。方法利用Eclipse Plus C18反相色谱柱对贝类水产品中6种有机金属化合物进行分离,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱对锡和汞元素进行检测,外标法定量测定水产品中6种有机金属化合物的含量。通过优化色谱分离条件,以甲醇-0.06 mol/L乙酸铵-乙酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱。结果 6种有机金属化合物在30 min内得到了有效分离。6种有机金属化合物标准曲线的线性相关系数大于0.998,检出限为0.5~2.5μg/kg,样品加标回收率在70%~110%。结论该法操作简便,分离效果好,检出限低,适用于贝类水产品中有机锡和甲基汞的检测。     

介孔分子印迹聚合物分离分析奶粉中的三聚氰胺

以灭蝇胺为虚拟模板分子,采用溶胶凝胶技术制备灭蝇胺介孔分子印迹聚合物(MIP)。将MIP作为固相萃取吸附剂,与高效液相色谱联用检测奶粉样品中的三聚氰胺。对该聚合物进行了吸附等温线测定以及Scatchard分析,结果表明分子印迹聚合物对三聚氰胺有两种结合方式。计算得到的最大表观结合量(Qmax)和平衡解离常数(Kd)分别为:Qmax1=14.96 mg/g,Kd1=1.85 mg/L;Qmax2=26.16 mg/g,Kd2=27.03 mg/L。最后应用合成的MIP对2 g奶粉样品提取液中痕量三聚氰胺进行净化和富集,回收率为94.73%~98.56%,相对标准偏差RSD为3.2%,检出限为0.015μg/g。此方法快速、选择性高,为三聚氰胺的残留分析开辟了一条新途径。      

HPLC-ICP-MS法测定纺织品中五种有机锡化合物

建立了高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱(HPLC-ICP-MS)联用技术测定纺织品中五种有机锡的方法。采用ZORBAX C18分析柱,在流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(水)∶V(乙酸)=65∶23∶12的混合溶液中加入0.15%三乙胺作为离子对试剂,pH=3.0条件下,可以很好地分离三甲基氯化锡(TMT)、二苯基氯化锡(DPT)、二丁基氯化锡(DBT)、三丁基氯化锡(TBT)、三苯基氯化锡(TPhT)。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,25μL进样量时,TMT、DPT、DBT、TBT、TPhT的检出限分别为0.15μg/L、0.47μg/L、0.72μg/L、0.58μg/L和0.28μg/L;在2μg/L和20μg/L两个加标水平下,加标回收率为87.5%～98.2%和88.4%～103.7%,方法精密度优于5.2%,可以满足测定要求。采用该方法测定棉织品、羊毛制品和涤纶制品中的五种有机锡,分析结果令人满意。     

分子印迹柱净化-UPLC-MS/MS测定果蔬制品中展青霉素

建立分子印迹亲和柱净化-超高效液相色谱串联质谱检测果蔬制品中展青霉素的方法。样品经2.5%乙酸水提取,分子印迹亲和柱净化,超高效液相色谱串联质谱测定,外标法定量。展青霉素在2.0 ng/mL~50.0 ng/mL范围内线性良好(R2≥0.999 8),方法的检出限为2.0μg/L。在添加水平为5.0和50.0μg/L时,4种果蔬制品回收率为78.4%~92.0%,相对标准偏差低于7.2%。该方法准确、稳定、灵敏,能够满足果蔬制品中展青霉素检测与确证的需要。     

分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测蜂王浆及其制品中的蜂王酸

目的:建立分子印迹固相萃取与高效液相色谱联用方法,检测蜂王浆及其制品中蜂王酸的含量。方法:采用分子印迹本体聚合法,经一系列优化,得到对蜂王酸具有特异识别能力和高吸附容量的分子印迹聚合物。将其作为固相萃取柱的填充材料,对蜂王浆样品中的蜂王酸进行分离和纯化,采用高效液相色谱检测。结果:被测样品用分子印迹固相萃取柱处理后的加标回收率为92.02%~103.28%,检出限(S/N=3)为0.94μg/L,线性范围10~1 000μg/L(R20.99),相对标准偏差(RSD)小于8.91%。结论:所建方法具有准确性和实用性,可用于蜂王浆及其制品中蜂王酸的分离纯化和检测。     

聚多巴胺磁分子印迹材料制备及其在食用油中黄曲霉毒素B富集中的应用

目的 建立了聚多巴胺磁性分子印迹聚合物 用于食用油中黄曲霉毒素B的吸附富集方法。方法 以多巴胺为功能单体和交联剂,5,7-二甲氧基香豆素为模拟模板分子,一步法在Fe3O4 NPs表面制备磁分子印迹聚合物。采用透射电子显微镜和红外光谱仪对该分子印迹材料形态和结构进行表征,研究了其对两种黄曲霉毒素B吸附性能。最终以该印迹材料作为分散固相萃取剂,对影响黄曲霉毒素B吸附的条件进行了优化。结果 该分子印迹材料对两种黄曲霉毒素B的吸附模式符合Langmuir理论,对黄曲霉毒素B1和黄曲霉毒素B2最大吸附容量分别为0.46 mg/g和0.047 mg/g。在最佳萃取条件（材料用量（10 mg）、溶液pH（7.0）、超声时间（5 min）和1 mL（解吸2次,每次0.5 mL）3%乙酸/乙腈作为解析液下,结合配有大体积流通池的超高效液相色谱-荧光检测法定量检测,黄曲霉毒素B1和黄曲霉毒素B2浓度分别在0.005-0.500 ng/mL（R=0.9989）和0.001-0.100 ng/mL（R=0.9992）范围内与对应的峰面积呈现良好的线性相关性,检出限分别为0.0024 ng/mL和0.00038 ng/mL,食用油样品加标回收率为93.2%~104.0%,相对标准偏差5.8%~7.7%,且可重复使用至少7次。结论 该吸附富集方法具有快速、低廉、选择性高、稳定性好等特点,适用于食用油中黄曲霉毒素B的前处理。     

分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测鸡肉中的四环素类抗生素残留

采用本体聚合法,以盐酸四环素为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,合成了针对四环素类抗生素具有选择性的分子印迹聚合物。并以此材料作为固相吸附剂与高效液相色谱联用,建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱技术检测鸡肉中的3种四环素类抗生素痕量残留的方法。实验结果表明,该材料具有较强的吸附性和特异识别性。在0.1 mg/L~1.0 mg/L范围内3种四环素类药物的线性关系良好(R20.99),土霉素、四环素、强力霉素的最低检出限分别为0.13μg/L、0.12μg/L、0.14μg/L,5次重复实验的精密度分别为1.27%、1.31%、1.94%。在鸡肉中添加3个浓度(50μg/kg、100μg/kg、200μg/kg)的四环素类抗生素,回收率分别为88.33%~94.95%、80.94%~88.02%、87.69%~93.08%,RSD分别为2.08%~3.63%、1.46%~2.37%、1.04%~3.03%。这项研究的结果表明目前建立的方法可以用于鸡肉中四环素类抗生素的残留检测。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用测定纺织品中多种有机锡化合物

利用高液相龟谱一电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术,建立了HPLC—ICP-MS／L-快速有效测定纺织品中三种有机锡化合物（二丁基氯化锡DBT、三丁基氯化锡TBT、三苯基氯化锡TPhT）的方法。在40．0／．tL进样量下,DBT、TPhT、TBT的检出限分别0．18μg／L、0．20μg／L、0．33μg／L,在加标浓度3．0μg／L~24．9μg／L水平下,回收率为80．4％-96．5％,方法精密度为3．1％～6．7％,满足测试要求。应用该方法测定纺织品中有机锡化合物,分析结果满意。     

氯霉素分子印迹聚合物的制备及性能研究

采用表面分子印迹技术,以氯霉素为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,制备氯霉素表面分子印迹聚合物。通过扫描电镜、等温吸附实验、Scatchard方程分析及吸附动力学实验对氯霉素分子印迹聚合物进行性能表征。结果表明,合成的分子印迹聚合物对氯霉素的最大吸附量为51μg/mg,有较好的特异性吸附,且吸附速率快,2 min即可达到吸附平衡。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the