光热-燃机复合发电系统优化调度模型的研究

在分析光热发电、燃机以及蓄热储能系统各部分运行机理的基础上,考虑对燃机排出气体中的余热进行储存,使用机理分析法构建复合系统的电网调度模型。最后使用粒子群法对模型进行经济环保效益最大化目标的寻优,得到最优调度方案,并与其他传统光热电站进行比较,验证该模型的有效性。     

基于频谱功率分配的微电网微源容量优化配置

光伏等新能源发电具有波动性,将其与可控发电装置或储能等可控微源相结合以微电网的形式发电,可减小功率波动对电网的影响。针对含光伏的独立型微电网,对其中微燃机和储能进行协调容量优化配置,通过对微电网的净负荷进行频谱分析,并考虑微燃机与储能对负荷波动的响应特性,利用优化频域分频点的方法确定微燃机与储能的功率分配策略,根据此功率分配策略,计及储能和微燃机的运维成本及储能的循环使用寿命,将分频点和电源容量作为优化变量,建立了以年综合成本最小为目标的双层优化配置模型。算例结果表明,合理的分频点可使储能与微燃机的容量配置更为经济,并可提高储能的循环使用寿命和降低微燃机的运行成本。     

余热锅炉积灰问题的解决方法

燃气轮机单循环发电,由于高温排气损失的热量多而导致循环效率下降,常改为燃机 余热锅炉 蒸汽轮机组成的联合循环发电机组,以提高整个电厂的热效率。我国大多数燃机电厂都是燃用柴油,而柴油有轻油和重油之分,烧重油燃机的余热锅炉,因重油本身灰分、杂质以及为处理重油中钒等金属成份而加入的有机镁抑制剂,使余热锅炉受热而严重积灰,导致产汽量大幅下降。同时积灰严重大大增加了燃机背后,使燃机出力也大幅下降,因此解决烧重油的燃机余热锅炉的积灰问题是燃气—蒸汽联合循环电厂的重要技术课题。目前,国内外解决烧重油燃机余热锅炉的积灰主要…     

大型燃机联合循环余热锅炉的发展

预测了大型燃机联合循环的发展趋势,指出发展大型燃机联合循环余热锅炉的重要性,分析几种大型燃机联合循环余热锅炉的技术特点,发展大型燃机了联合循环余热锅炉应坚持国产化道路。     

联合循环发电系统能耗热力学分析

以某钢铁厂9E燃气蒸汽联合循环煤气发电机组为研究对象,不同工况下对发电系统进行比较,通过热力学分析找到系统中的损失分布情况。选取18℃燃机、负荷70 MW,18℃燃机、负荷80 MW,26℃燃机、负荷70 MW时的热力系统各点状态参数进行计算。结果表明,运行中系统整体效率随压气机进气温度与负荷的升高而增大,距离设计效率43.6%有一定差距,其中压气机压与余热锅炉为系统损失最大的两个部分,为今后机组运行及设计提供理论依据。     

YD5.78烟气挡板门的设计与探讨

YD系列烟气挡板门是燃气轮机余热锅炉必不可少的部件，它在整个烟气系统里起了三通转换阀的作用：关闭锅炉侧进口，燃机排气直接进入旁路烟囱，排入大气，系统单循环发电；关闭旁通侧进口，燃机排气进入余热锅炉，实现余热再利用，系统联合循环发电。     

大型天然气发电工程主机选用及配置

介绍了浙江半山天然气发电工程采用三套350MW级燃气—蒸汽联合循环发电机组，每套机组有四大主机：燃气轮机(GT)、余热锅炉(HRSG)、汽轮机(ST)及发电机(G)。由于气价较高，确定采用F级燃机及相应的余热锅铲与汽轮机；对主机配置进行比选，确定每套机组由一台F级燃机、一台余热锅铲、一台汽轮机组成单轴系统(燃机、汽轮机与发电机同轴)。     

燃气轮机余热回收技术研究

研究了天然气深冷初加工装置余热回收的可行性及方案 ,给出了燃机排气余热回收具体实施办法 ,并对余热回收效果进行了分析。     

管式固体氧化物燃料电池与微型燃气轮机复合系统模拟分析

利用Aspen Plus化工流程模拟软件,针对加压管式固体氧化物燃料电池与微型燃机复合系统的几种结构形式,建立了在加压条件下管式固体氧化物燃料电池与微型燃气轮机复合的系统模型,开展了复合系统的性能研究,并给出了对比结果.分析表明:通过复合系统的结构优化可以获得高达72%的发电效率,显示出复合系统在分布式发电系统中拥有诱人前景.     

中国船舶重工集团公司第七○三研究所余热锅炉

第七○三研究所是国内率先探索燃气——蒸汽联合循环发电技术的单位之一,是国内具有自主知识产权的燃机余热锅炉供货厂商,始终站在该行业的技术前沿。从1989年开始,该所先后承担了41个燃机电厂22种型号80多台（套）燃气轮机余热锅炉的设计、供货。1989年向深圳南山电厂提供了全部由该所自主设计供货的燃机余热锅炉,打破了余热锅炉依靠进口的历史;2001年向苏丹吉利燃机电厂出口了4台余热锅炉,     

高温燃料电池_燃气轮机混合发电系统性能分析

针对 高温燃料电池系统的高效率、环保性以及排气废热的巨大利用潜能,将其与燃气轮机组成混合装置进行发电是未来分布式发电的一种极有前景的方案。文中对高温燃料电池及混合循环系统作了简介,并对两种典型的高温燃料电池－燃气轮机混合循环发电系统进行了性能分析,这将为我国高温燃料电池－燃气轮机混合循环系统的研制提供参考。     

高温燃料电池/燃气轮机混合循环发电技术

高温燃料电池／燃气轮机混合循环系统以其效率高、排放低的特点,在未来分布式发电和集中式大规模发电中占有重要地位。本文首先简介了高温燃料电池和先进燃气轮机的结构特点及其分类,在此基础上阐述了高温燃料电池与先进燃气轮机混合系统的基本模式,然后对适用于分布式发电和集中式发电的几种典型混合循环系统的结构和相应的流程及特点进行了详细的描述,最后给出了高温燃料电池和燃气轮机混合循环发电系统中的一些主要代表性技术以及目前研究的进展、挑战和目标。     

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)-based hybrid propulsion systems for a liquefied hydrogen tanker

This study proposes a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)-based hybrid propulsion system for a liquefied hydrogen tanker. This system consists of a molten carbonate fuel cell and a bottoming cycle. Gas turbine and steam turbine systems are considered for recovering heat from fuel cell exhaust gases. The MCFC generates a considerable propulsion power, and the turbomachinery generates the remainder of the power. The hybrid systems are evaluated regarding system efficiency, economic feasibility, and exhaust emissions. The MCFC with a gas turbine has higher system efficiency than that with a steam turbine. The air compressor consumes substantial power and should be mechanically connected to the gas turbine. Although fuel cell-based systems are less economical than other propulsion systems, they may satisfy the environmental regulations. When the ship is at berth, the MCFC systems can be utilized as distributed generation that is connected to the onshore-power grid.     

燃料电池_燃气轮机混合动力系统中催化燃烧室特性分析

对熔融碳酸盐燃料电池/微型燃气轮机(MCFC/MGT)混合动力系统中的催化燃烧室进行了实验和理论分析,确定了燃烧室入口温度、燃料浓度对燃料转化率的影响,在非设计工况下运行时催化燃烧室入口条件会发生变化,应用数学模型分析了各主要因素对催化燃烧室运行特性的影响。结果表明,计算结果与实验结果的最大误差在4%以内。在混合动力系统的运行范围内催化燃烧室入口温度高于770K时燃料转化率达99%以上,而入口流速和燃料浓度的变化对转化率的影响不明显。     

Thermo-economic modeling of a solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine power plant with semi-direct coupling and anode recycling

Power generation using gas turbine (GT) power plants operating on the Brayton cycle suffers from low efficiencies, resulting in poor fuel to power conversion. A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is proposed for integration into a 10 MW gas turbine power plant, operating at 30% efficiency in order to improve system efficiencies and economics. The SOFC system is semi-directly coupled to the gas turbine power plant, with careful attention paid to minimize the disruption to the GT operation. A thermo-economic model is developed for the hybrid power plant, and predicts an optimized power output of 21.6 MW at 49.2% efficiency. The model also predicts a breakeven per-unit energy cost of USD 4.70 ¢/kWh for the hybrid system based on futuristic mass generation SOFC costs. Results show that SOFCs can be semi-directly integrated into existing GT power systems to improve their thermodynamic and economic performance.     

Thermodynamic and economic optimization of a MCFC-based hybrid system for the combined production of electricity and hydrogen

In this paper, a biogas fuelled power generation system is considered. The system is based on a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) stack integrated with a micro gas turbine for electricity generation, coupled with a pressure swing absorption system (PSA) for hydrogen production.     

Performance characteristics of a MW-class SOFC/GT hybrid system based on a commercially available gas turbine

The ultimate purpose of a SOFC/GT hybrid system is for distributed power generation applications. Therefore, this study investigates the possible extension of a SOFC/GT hybrid system to multi-MW power cases. Because of the matured technology of gas turbines and their commercial availability, it was reasonable to construct a hybrid system with an off-the-shelf gas turbine. Based on a commercially available gas turbine, performance analysis was conducted to find the total appropriate power for the hybrid system with consideration of the maximum allowable cell temperature. In order to maintain high performance characteristics of the hybrid system during part-load operations, it was necessary to find the optimal control strategy for the system according to the change in power required. The results of the performance analysis for part-load conditions showed that supplied fuel and air must be changed simultaneously. Furthermore, in order to prevent performance degradation, it was found that both cell temperature and turbine inlet temperature must be maintained as close as possible to design-point conditions.     

Dynamic modeling of a SOFC/MGT hybrid power system based on modified OIF Elman neural network

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) integrated into micro gas turbine (MGT) cycle is a promising power‐generation technology. This article proposes a modified output–input feedback (OIF) Elman neural network model to describe the nonlinear temperature and power dynamic properties of the SOFC/MGT hybrid system. A physics‐based mathematical model of a 220 kW SOFC/MGT hybrid power system is used to generate the data required for the training and prediction of the modified OIF Elman neural network identification model. Compared with the conventional Elman neural network, the simulation results show that the modified OIF Elman identification model can follow the temperature and power response of the SOFC/MGT hybrid system with higher prediction accuracy and faster convergent speed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermal performance prediction of a solar hybrid gas turbine

The present work focuses on a modelling procedure to simulate the operation of a solar hybrid gas turbine. The method is applied to a power generation system including an heliostat field, a receiver and a 36 MW commercial gas turbine. Heat is provided by concentrated solar power and integrated by fossil fuel. A detailed modelling of the gas turbine (GT) is proposed to predict the performance of commercial GT models in actual operating conditions. Advanced software tools were combined together to predict design and off-design performance of the whole system: TRNSYS® was used to model the solar field and the receiver while the gas turbine simulation was performed by means of Thermoflex®. A detailed comparison between the solarized and the conventional gas turbine is reported, taking into account GT electric power, efficiency and shaft speed. All thermodynamic parameters such pressure ratio, air flow and fuel consumption were compared. The main advantage of solarization is the fossil fuel saving, but it is balanced by a relevant penalty in power output and efficiency.     

Performance analysis on various system layouts for the combination of an ambient pressure molten carbonate fuel cell and a gas turbine

This study analyses hybrid systems combining a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) operating at ambient pressure and a gas turbine. Various possible system layouts, with the major difference among these layouts being the heating method of the turbine inlet gas, are proposed and their design performances are simulated and comparatively analyzed. Power of the MCFC in the hybrid system is explained in terms of the cathode inlet air temperature. Power of the gas turbine differs among various layouts because of large difference in the turbine inlet temperature. The direct firing in front of the turbine allows far higher turbine inlet temperature, and thus greater gas turbine power than the indirect heating of the inlet gas. The optimum pressure ratio of the directly fired system is higher than that of the indirectly fired system. The directly fired system allows not only much larger system power and higher optimum efficiency but also greater flexibility in the selection of the design pressure ratio of the gas turbine. In addition, the directly fired system can better accommodate the specifications of both current micro gas turbines and advanced gas turbines than the indirectly fired system.