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为了了解生物可降解聚合物γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)乙酯与γ-聚谷氨酸苄酯的生物降解性能,采用枯草杆菌NX-2(Bacillus subtilis)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)和土埋法对γ-PGA乙酯和γ-PGA苄酯的降解性能进行研究,用扫描电镜观察降解结果.结果表明:枯草杆菌对γ-PGA乙酯和γ-PGA苄酯的降解作用优于黑曲霉;相对厚度较大的薄膜,在枯草杆菌NX-2中缓慢降解;在黑曲霉中,γ-PGA乙酯的降解速率相对较慢,薄膜的形态没有发生变化;γ-PGA苄酯的降解性能优于γ-PGA乙酯. 相似文献
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在室温条件下,γ-聚谷氨酸能溶于水,其水溶液在紫外区190.0~250.0 nm波长范围内有最大吸收峰(192nm),用紫外分光光度法测定常量γ-聚谷氨酸的工作波长为192 nm,查标准曲线可以定量.γ-聚谷氨酸的精密度σn-1为0.03,回收率为99.2%~101.2%.用紫外分光光度法测定腐植酸尿素或黄腐酸尿素中聚... 相似文献
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聚谷氨酸——新型生物刺激剂在农业上的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍聚谷氨酸在农业上的应用,并对聚谷氨酸复混肥对油菜产量、生物性状的影响进行分析,对施用聚谷氨酸复混肥的油菜的经济效益进行评价。结果表明,施用聚谷氨酸复混肥的油菜实际产量、生物性状、经济效益均优于施用普通复混肥。 相似文献
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γ-聚谷氨酸及其在水处理中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
γ-聚谷氨酸是由微生物合成的可降解的水溶性的生物高分子,在水中分子链上有大量的带负电荷的羧基,可以作为生物絮凝剂吸附大量的阳离子。综述了γ-聚谷氨酸的构像在溶液中的变化以及其在水处理中的应用。 相似文献
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水溶性壳聚糖纳米粒子的制备及其BSA载药性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了避免高分子量壳聚糖水溶性差以及增溶剂乙酸可能带来的负面作用,本文选择低分子量水溶性壳聚糖 (WSC)作研究对象,采用三聚磷酸(TPP)作交链剂制备不同WSC/TPP比率的WSC纳米粒子,并用于牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)的释放载体。经测得为球形形貌的纳米粒子空载和载药时粒径、Zeta电位分别在35~190 nm、35~42 mV。红外光谱及X–射线衍射证实了纳米粒子中WSC的氨基与TPP的磷酸基团发生了交联反应。纳米粒子载药性能试验表明在0.05~1 mg/mL范围内随着BSA浓度的增大,纳米粒子的载药量增加而负载率降低。体外释放实验表明水溶性壳聚糖纳米载体对蛋白质药物具有缓释特征。因此,水溶性壳聚糖有望成为新的载体应用于蛋白质药物的控制释放。 相似文献
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以水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液为胶粘剂、硬脂酸钠为赋型剂和甘油为保湿剂等制备固体胶棒。采用单因素试验法优选出制备固体胶棒的较佳工艺条件。结果表明:当w(WPU)=25%~35%、w(赋型剂)=5.5%、w(水)=30%~40%、w(保湿剂)=4%、m(硬脂酸)∶m(NaOH)=6∶1、中和反应时间为30 min、中和反应温度为80~85℃和最终体系的pH值为8~9时,固体胶棒具有赋型性好、涂抹性佳、储存稳定期长、粘接性能强、硬度适中、成本较低且环保等优点,完全满足实际使用要求。 相似文献
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以水性环氧树脂(WEP)为粘料、硬脂酸为赋型剂、甘油为保湿剂制得固体胶棒。采用单因素法考查了配方中主要成分用量对固体胶棒性能的影响。结果表明,当W(WEP)=40%、W(硬脂酸)=8%、W(水)=45%、W(甘油)=7%,m(硬脂酸)∶m(KOH)=6.5∶1,中和反应温度75~80℃时,制得的固体胶棒综合性能最佳。 相似文献
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采用混合酸(盐酸和柠檬酸)水解、戊二醛共聚交联等手段,对传统骨胶进行改性。以混合酸中柠檬酸的体积分数、水解温度、水解时间以及戊二醛用量作为试验因素,改性骨胶黏度和凝固点作为考核指标,采用单因素试验法优选出制备改性骨胶的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:当m(骨胶)=25 g、V(水)=25 mL时,改性骨胶的最佳工艺条件为25 mL混合酸中φ(柠檬酸)=0.06%、酸解温度65℃、酸解时间35 min和V(0.5%戊二醛)=1.5 mL;由最佳工艺条件制成的改性骨胶黏合剂,其凝固点为-2℃、黏度为1 850 mPa·s、剪切强度为1.87 MPa、开胶时间为1.5 h、适用期为90 d且具有良好的热稳定性能。 相似文献
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温度及pH敏感生物水凝胶的研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
运用互穿网络技术,合成了具有温敏性的聚(N 异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAm)和生物大分子明胶(gelatin)的互穿网络聚合物(PNIPAm/Gelatinsemi IPN和PNIPAm/GelatinIPN)水凝胶,该水凝胶的最低临界溶液温度(LCST)与PNIPAm水凝胶的LCST基本相同,均为33℃左右,但在LCST以下的平衡溶胀率减小、相变区域略微变宽。在此基础上,通过N 异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAm)与丙烯酸(AAc)交联共聚,改变了水凝胶的LCST,在pH=4 0的缓冲溶液中,各水凝胶的溶胀行为基本一致,与AAc含量无关,LCST都为28℃左右;在pH>4 0的缓冲溶液中,LCST随AAc组分含量的增加而增加,但温敏性减小。同时,AAc的加入,使水凝胶具有pH敏感性,敏感点为pH=4 5左右。还考察了该水凝胶降解的特点:戊二醛(GA)交联后的明胶网络,保留了明胶的生物降解性,但互穿网络水凝胶在实验条件下几乎未被胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶降解,在pH=9 6的碱性条件下,水凝胶可发生化学降解。 相似文献
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The effect of vibromilling or jet milling on gelation and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was studied through SEM, FTIR, DSC, and mechanical properties tests. The experimental results show that the size of the grain and apparent density of PVC are decreased. The grains become much more loosely aggregated and the crystallinity of PVC is decreased during milling. The extensional fracture of degraded PVC is obviously different from that of undegraded PVC, the tensile strength and degree of gelation of degraded PVC are increased as compared with undegraded PVC. The mechanical properties of PVC are improved quite a lot after blending it with a small amount of mechanochemically degraded PVC. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 2273–2281, 1997 相似文献
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Poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) hydrogels have been prepared from microbial PGA produced by Bacillus subtilis F-02-1, water-soluble carbodiimide (WSC), and alkanediamines such as 1,3-propanediamine (1,3-PD), 1,4-butanediamine (1,4-BD), and 1,6-hexanediamine (1,6-HD) in aqueous medium. The carboxyl groups of PGA were activated by the addition of WSC in deionized water, and the PGA-WSC adduct was produced. PGA hydrogels could be produced after the mixing of PGA-WSC and alkanediamine in deionized water. This alkanediamine to which both amino groups reacted with the carboxyl groups of PGA plays the role of a crosslinking point. When the amount of PGA was 100 mg, WSC was 50 mg or more, and 1,3-PD was 25 μL or more in 2 mL of deionized water, PGA hydrogels could be produced. Specific water contents (weight of absorbed water/weight of dry gel) ranged from 300 to 1,993 g/g in the case of 1,3-PD. If the PGA-WSC adduct was freeze-dried, the yield of the PGA hydrogel became higher than that when PGA-WSC was not freeze-dried. The highest yield of the PGA hydrogel from 100 mg of PGA, 100 mg of WSC, and 100 μL of 1,3-PD in 2 mL of deionized water using the freeze-dry method was 39.9 mg of dry PGA hydrogel with a 650 g/g specific water content. The order of yield was 1,6-HD > 1,4-BD > 1,3-PD from 100 mg of PGA-100 mg of WSC in 2 mL of deionized water. The order of the specific water content was 1,3-PD (462 g/g) > 1,4-BD (234 g/g) > 1,6-HD (199 g/g). This order may be due to the higher reaction probability between the activated carboxyl groups in the PGA-WSC and both amino groups in the alkanediamine with longer methylene chains, indicating that the crosslinking density of the PGA hydrogel is higher and the specific water content is lower. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 1889–1896, 1997 相似文献