入世后甲烷氯化物行业面临的形势及应对措施

甲烷氯化物行业是一个应用领域广、技术密集度和资金密集度较高的行业。面临加入WTO后将遇到的机遇和挑战,甲烷氯化物行业必须正确把握形势,认清利弊得失,制定有效的应对措施,使这个充满希望的行业得到健康有序的发展。1 入世后甲烷氯化物行业将面临着冲击和挑战1.1 入世规则本身所带来的影响1.1.1 关税的削减影响巨大 入世之后,甲烷氯化物行业的关税从2002年起     

甲烷氯化物的精制及其废水处理的研究与应用

随着我国经济的增长以及市场需求的扩大,国内的甲烷氯化物行业正迎来了发展的黄金时期。本文结合实际工作经验,从甲烷氯化物精制的生产工艺与技术特点出发,并就甲烷氯化物生产废水处理的技术应用进行了研究与探讨。     

Stauffer化学公司甲烷氯化物技术

本文简述了甲烷氯化物行业发展动态，通过介绍Ｓｔａｕｆｆｅｒ化学公司甲烷氯化物技术基本情况，提供其氯甲烷生产技术参数，希对同行业技改及项目引进有所参考。     

简讯

甲烷氯化物行业座谈会在衢州召开由中国氯碱工业协会甲烷氯化物专业委员会主任单位衢化公司氟化厂组织的“甲烷氯化物行业座谈会”于今年2月25日至26日在衢化集团公司召开。化工部生产协调司、中国氯碱工业协会及15家甲烷氯化物主要生产厂家经营负责人参加了会议。会议对甲烷氯化物行业经营管理、产品市场及相关问题进行了认真研究.并就以下问题达成协议。     

甲烷氯化物行业进入调整期

目前我国市场销售的甲烷氯化物主要是二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷。近年我国甲烷氯化物下游产业高速发展,加之对进口二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷采取了反倾销措施,为国内产业发展创造了良好的环境,甲烷氯化物产能、产量明显提高。但这也导致了供过于求的局面,使得企业效益下滑,行业已经进入调整阶段。     

中国甲烷氯化物行业发展的探讨

对我国甲烷氯化物行业现状和优势、劣势进行了分析,并提出发展建议。     

甲烷氯化物市场将供过于求

目前我国市场销售的甲烷氯化物主要是二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷。近年我国甲烷氯化物下游产业高速发展,加之对进口二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷采取了反倾销措施,为国内产业发展创造了良好的环境,甲烷氯化物产能、产量明显提高。     

甲烷氯化物的国内外市场与工艺发展趋势

本文主要分析和论述了甲烷氯化物的国内外市场及未来发展趋势,并对国内外甲烷氯化物的生产工艺进行了技术比较,重点论述了国外的先进生产工艺,同时提出了对我国发展甲烷氯化物的建议。     

我国甲烷氯化物产业现状和发展建议

0前言甲烷氯化物包括一氯甲烷、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和四氯化碳,简称CMS,是氯碱工业后加工的重要有机耗氯产品,对氯碱行业的氯、碱平衡具有重要影响;也是技术含量和附加值相对较高的氟硅行业最重要的上游原料之一;同时甲烷氯化物也广泛应用     

我国甲烷氯化物市场现状及发展前景分析

2005年我国甲烷氯化物生产能力为1 124.6 kt,总需求量为925 kt。介绍了国内甲烷氯化物现状,分析了国内生产装置能力、产品成本、生产厂家和产品市场状况,对产品发展前景和生产能力进行预测,提出了我国甲烷氯化物产业发展应注意的事项和建议。     

Developing the methodology of colour gamut analysis and print quality evaluation for textile ink‐jet printing: Delphi method

This research used the Delphi method to investigate current colour gamut analysis methods, which is a critical component of colour management systems (CMS). Thirteen ink‐jet printing experts were interviewed to understand how they manage colour and their process for analysing and comparing colour gamut. A significant result of this study was the development of a four‐stage process model for colour gamut analysis and print quality evaluation for textile ink‐jet printing. The optimal process model was verified and approved by experts. This study uncovered an industry initiative toward the improvement of CMS for more accurate colour matching, a need to stabilise variables in the manufacturing process, and a need to standardise related tests and evaluations. The study also revealed new CMS software and technologies developed for ink formulation and pre‐/post‐treatment methods to facilitate high quality production in textile ink‐jet printing.     

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Developmental Changes in P-Type Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Anthers in Wheat

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) plays an important role in the application of heterosis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). However, the molecular mechanism underlying CMS remains unknown. This study provides a comprehensive morphological and proteomic analysis of the anthers of a P-type CMS wheat line (P) and its maintainer line, Yanshi 9 hao (Y). Cytological observations indicated that the P-type CMS line shows binucleate microspore abortion. In this line, the tapetum degraded early, leading to anther cuticle defects, which could not provide the nutrition needed for microspore development in a timely manner, thus preventing the development of the microspore to the normal binucleate stage. Proteomic analysis revealed novel proteins involved in P-type CMS. Up to 2576 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were quantified in all anthers, and these proteins were significantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and pyruvate metabolism pathways. These proteins may comprise a network that regulates male sterility in wheat. Based on the function analysis of DEPs involved in the complex network, we concluded that the P-type CMS line may be due to cellular dysfunction caused by disturbed carbohydrate metabolism, inadequate energy supply, and disturbed protein synthesis. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying male sterility and serve as a valuable resource for researchers in plant biology, in general, and plant sexual reproduction, in particular.     

分子计算科学——化学工程新的生长点

当今化学工业面临的巨大挑战是如何推出性能卓越、功能齐备同时环境友好的新产品新材料.分子计算科学是研究物质结构-性质关系的强大工具，在新产品新材料的设计中举足轻重，因而会成为化学工程新的生长点.在层次化研究的框架下，分子计算科学包括量子力学层次、统计力学层次、介观层次以及连接各个层次的对接技术.本文分别介绍了各个层次的主要内容，特别是统计力学层次最近的研究进展，以及分子计算科学越来越趋向应用到实际复杂体系的发展趋势.     

煤基碳分子筛的研究进展及应用现状

基于原料煤种分类,简要介绍了煤基碳分子筛的制备工艺和在气体分离方面的应用,详细阐述了国内外煤基碳分子筛的研究状况,分析并展望了煤基碳分子筛的应用前景和今后的发展方向。     

炭分子筛的研究进展

本文介绍了国内外炭分子的发展现状,包括炭分子筛的前驱体,制备方法以及应用等。     

气体分离用变压吸附剂的研究进展

介绍了在应用变压吸附生产N2、O2和CO2的生产过程中,沸石分子筛和碳分子筛的吸附分离机理及它们的改性研究,并讨论了国内外目前使用的沸石分子筛和碳分子筛的优缺点,评述了现阶段国内外变压吸附剂的研究现状,进而展望了变压吸附剂的研究和发展趋势。     

Preparation of a mono‐sheet bipolar membrane by simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid and chloromethylstyrene

A new type of mono‐sheet bipolar membrane was produced from a porous polyethylene (PE) substrate using simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) on one side and chloromethylstyrene (CMS) on the other side. PE film with absorbent filter paper absorbing AA on one side and paper absorbing CMS on the other side was irradiated in the cobalt‐60 gamma ray irradiation field, followed by quaternization with trimethylamine aqueous solution. AA and CMS were grafted on the substrate membrane simultaneously. The performance of the final membrane is significantly affected by the irradiation time. For short irradiation time, the prepared membrane behaves as a bipolar membrane; whereas for long irradiation time, the final membrane behaves as a charge mosaic membrane. Therefore, by controlling the conditions, a bipolar membrane with good current rectification can be prepared, across which the voltage drop is ～2.0 V at the current density 800 A/m² in 1.0 M NaOH. This preparation method is simple and can be applied both in laboratory and in industry. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 572–576, 2003     

Differential Proteomic Analysis of Anthers between Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Lines in Capsicum annuum L

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), widely used in the production of hybrid seeds, is a maternally inherited trait resulting in a failure to produce functional pollen. In order to identify some specific proteins associated with CMS in pepper, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was applied to proteomic analysis of anthers/buds between a CMS line (designated NA3) and its maintainer (designated NB3) in Capsicum annuum L. Thirty-three spots showed more than 1.5-fold in either CMS or its maintainer. Based on mass spectrometry, 27 spots representing 23 distinct proteins in these 33 spots were identified. Proteins down-regulated in CMS anthers/buds includes ATP synthase D chain, formate dehydrogenase, alpha-mannosidas, RuBisCO large subunit-binding protein subunit beta, chloroplast manganese stabilizing protein-II, glutathione S-transferase, adenosine kinase isoform 1T-like protein, putative DNA repair protein RAD23-4, putative caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase, glutamine synthetase (GS), annexin Cap32, glutelin, allene oxide cyclase, etc. In CMS anthers/buds, polyphenol oxidase, ATP synthase subunit beta, and actin are up-regulated. It was predicted that male sterility in NA3 might be related to energy metabolism turbulence, excessive ethylene synthesis, and suffocation of starch synthesis. The present study lays a foundation for future investigations of gene functions associated with pollen development and cytoplasmic male sterility, and explores the molecular mechanism of CMS in pepper.