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蜂胶具有广泛的生物活性,如抗氧化、防辐射、防龋齿、消炎抑菌及调节免疫等,是较为珍贵的蜜蜂产品。蜂胶依据胶源植物的不同可分为杨树型蜂胶、巴西绿蜂胶、红蜂胶等7大类。我国的蜂胶类型主要为杨树型蜂胶,其化学成分与杨树芽提取物相似,蜂胶资源紧缺和高利润导致杨树胶掺假冒充蜂胶现象日益严重。蜂胶掺假鉴别一直是蜂产品等天然产物的研究热点,本文综述近15年国内外研究者关于蜂胶掺假鉴别技术的研究进展,其中主要包括气相色谱法、液相色谱法、红外光谱法、核磁共振技术、薄层色谱法和特征物质鉴别等,其中液相-质谱技术应用最为广泛,鉴别结果较优。同时本文对多种蜂胶鉴别技术进行比较和总结,为蜂胶品质的鉴定和蜂胶的掺假鉴别提供资料参考和依据。 相似文献
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李记明 《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》1993,(4):28-31
所谓"外源物质"是指非葡萄原料本身含有的或非发酵过程中产生的,而是人工添加的物质.加强对葡萄酒中外源物质的检测,对于提高葡萄酒声誉、打击假冒伪劣产品、向国际标准靠拢具有重要意义.兹撰写此文,供有关部门参考. 相似文献
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微生物是影响果汁质量安全的重要因素,目前果汁微生物检测的方法主要是传统的培养基培养法,且检测的微生物种类较少,没有覆盖到影响果汁品质的多数微生物。随着果汁工业的迅速发展,消费者对食品安全需求的提高,急需寻求多种快速、简便方法相结合检测果汁中的微生物。本文介绍了当前微生物的检测方法,包括形态学方法、生理生化试剂盒、免疫学技术、仪器分析技术和分子生物学技术等,分析了各方法的优缺点和适用性,为果汁中微生物的检测分析提供参考。 相似文献
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目的建立积分安培-离子色谱法同时测果汁中22种糖、糖醇和醇定的方法。方法在流速为0.40 mL/min, pH值在6.5~8.6,柱温为30℃条件下,在CarboPacTM MA1(4 mm×250 mm)色谱柱中进行分离。结果 22种组分在测定浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系(r~20.999);除了甲醇外,其他21种组分检出限在0.006~0.203 mg/L之间;在0.50、1.00、5.00 mg/L 3个添加浓度水平下,回收率为75.83%~105.89%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.03%~10.39%范围内。结论该方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏,完全适于果汁中22种糖、糖醇和醇的分析测定。 相似文献
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H. J. Park H. K. Jeong M. I. Chang M. H. Im J. Y. Jeong D. M. Choi K. Park M. K. Hong J. Youm S. B. Han D. J. Kim J. H. Park S. W. Kwon 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2007,24(2):122-129
New analogues of vardenafil and sildenafil illegally added to dietary supplements were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with a photodiode array detector (PDA). These compounds were isolated and their structures elucidated by mass spectrometry (MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). One of the new analogues given the trivial name pseudovardenafil (compound 1) was structurally elucidated and shown to be 1-[[3-(1,4-dihydro-5-methyl-4-oxo-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-piperidine. It was a vardenafil analogue isolated from a dietary supplement capsule. Compared with vardenafil, the piperidine ring was substituted for the ethylpiperazine group. The second new analogue, trivially named hydroxyhongdenafil (compound 2), was separated from bulk powder used as a raw material for a dietary supplement. The piperazine and phenyl groups were connected through an acetyl group instead of a sulfonyl group, and hydroxyethylpiperazine was substituted for the methylpiperazine of sildenafil. It was structurally elucidated as 5-[2-ethoxy-5-[[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]acetyl]phenyl]-1,4-dihydro-1-methyl-3-propyl-7H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one. 相似文献
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淀粉颗粒结晶结构的测定方法研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
淀粉是一种天然多晶聚合物,由结晶区和非结晶区交替构成颗粒,其结晶结构对于淀粉的生物合成过程、物化性质和工业应用性质等都非常重要。就淀粉结晶结构的4种测定方法:X射线衍射(X-RD)、红外光谱(IR)、原子力显微镜(AFM)及固体核磁共振(SSNMR)法进行综述,并对以后的研究作出展望。 相似文献
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Recent Developments in Noninvasive Techniques for Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Internal Quality Analysis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
ABSTRACT: This review covers developments in the field of noninvasive techniques for quality analysis of fresh fruit and vegetables over the past decade up to the year 2005. A chapter on the concept of quality is followed by a discussion of various methods and applications including optical, spectroscopic, and mechanical techniques but also the application of X-rays and some noninvasive methods of minor dispersal. An extra section on research needs reflects on possible future developments. It is concluded that during the last year, much progress has been made in developing nondestructive techniques for the assessment or inspection of quality parameters of fruits including internal disorders but also taste, sugar content, and so forth. As sensors often measure only a single constituent or quality property, combined techniques have to be optimized to measure overall quality. Commercial application of these techniques will be beneficial for the consumer as well as the producer and for trades in which merchants will be able to comply with consumer demands for uniform high-quality products. 相似文献
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代谢组学技术在植物源性食品研究中的应用研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
代谢组学以生物系统中的细胞在特定条件下所有小分子代谢物为研究对象,定性并定量描述生物内源性代谢物及其对内因和外因变化的应答规律。近年来代谢组学技术成为食品科学研究中不可或缺的工具,尤其是在以植物为原材料进行加工或直接食用的植物源性食品中,代谢组学技术广泛用于检测不易挥发性化合物。本文简要介绍代谢组学主要技术平台、研究流程和统计方法,着重论述代谢组学在植物源性食品的品质鉴定、安全性及防伪评估、原料动态监控以及食品分类中的应用现状及发展趋势。 相似文献
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基于FTIR和~1H-NMR方法分析高压脉冲电场技术对抗氧化肽KWFH的结构影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了探究高压脉冲电场(pulsed electric field,PEF)提高抗氧化肽活性的机制,以抗氧化肽KWFH为实验材料,以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼为衡量指标,通过双因素试验方案,考察电场强度和电场频率对其活性的影响。经过频率2 400 Hz、电场强度10 k V/cm的PEF处理,抗氧化肽KWFH活性提高了13.92%(P0.05)。借助傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(nuclear magnetic resonance,1H-NMR)、Zeta电位及圆二色谱技术,分析高压脉冲电场技术对其结构的影响。FTIR分析结果显示,经过PEF处理的样品羧酸羰基C=O和苯环吸收峰强度增强;经过1H-NMR分析,推测羧酸羰基C=O和苯环吸收强度变化引起官能团携带的氢质子变化。同时,经过PEF处理抗氧化肽KWFH的Zeta电位提高了8.70 m V(P0.05),进一步推测经过PEF处理,抗氧化肽KWFH结构更加无序,致使官能团暴露,吸收峰强度发生变化,引起肽活性改变。研究发现PEF处理对二级结构之间转化没有影响。这些研究为进一步探究PEF技术提高抗氧化肽活性机理提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Gudjónsdóttir M Jónsson Á Bergsson AB Arason S Rustad T 《Journal of food science》2011,76(4):E357-E367
The effect of using polyphosphates during prebrining and the effect of prebrining time of cold water shrimp (Pandalus borealis) was studied with low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) transverse relaxation time measurements (benchtop and unilateral) and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with the aim of improving shrimp processing. Strong calibrations were obtained for moisture content and water-holding capacity (WHC) using the NIR technique. Multivariate analysis indicated significant correlations between benchtop NMR parameters and moisture content and WHC, as measured with physicochemical methods and NIR spectroscopy. Significant correlations were also observed between NMR parameters and muscle pH, protein content, and phosphate content. The study showed that LF-NMR contribute to improved understanding of the shrimp brining process and to improved process control on-line or at-line, especially in combination with NIR measurements. However, optimization of the unilateral device is necessary. 相似文献