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以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶反应和常压干燥法实现了二氧化硅(SiO_2)气凝胶的制备;并将SiO_2气凝胶与聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)混合应用到棉织物上,制备了超疏水功能棉织物。分别探讨了制备SiO_2气凝胶和超疏水棉织物的主要影响因素。结果表明,在草酸与MTMS摩尔配合比为1.6×10-4∶1,凝胶化温度为40℃,老化温度为40℃条件下,制备的SiO_2气凝胶具有连续多孔微观粗糙结构,密度为106.4kg/m3,孔隙率达到95.16%。在SiO_2气凝胶用量为4%(wt,质量分数),PDMS用量为4%(wt,质量分数)条件下,整理后棉织物的接触角为156.4°,实现了超疏水性能。 相似文献
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先采用阳极氧化法在铝基板上制备了多孔氧化铝(AAO)膜,并以铝基AAO膜作为前驱物,采用化学腐蚀溶液分别制备出了具有纳米结构、微米结构和微纳复合结构表面的薄膜材料结构。利用扫描电子显微镜、荧光分光光度计和电子能量色散谱仪等测试手段分析了薄膜材料表面结构,并在薄膜表面涂覆低表面能物质氟硅烷薄膜研究这些表面结构的疏水性能。研究结果表明:通过控制化学腐蚀时间可以在铝基AAO膜表面分别获取纳米结构、微纳复合结构和微米结构;与未腐蚀的AAO膜表面相比,三种表面结构都有效提高了疏水薄膜表面的疏水性能;在NaOH溶液腐蚀16 min条件下,表面呈现微纳复合结构,具有超疏水性能,水的接触角达到155°。 相似文献
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在醇溶性氟树脂(FR)溶液中,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为前驱体,并掺杂聚四氟乙烯(PTFE),以两步催化溶胶-凝胶法,在通常条件下,制备了有机-无机复合涂层.较低的表面张力、较大的润湿角和较大网络模数,有效地防止了通常条件下含凝胶材料干燥过程所引起的网络结构的破坏.表面气相氨催化法使涂层具有良好的机械性能.该涂层对水的接触角可高达155°.扫描电镜观察到,涂层表面的形貌为具有与天然荷叶表面极其相似的微米与纳米相结合的阶层结构.该方法扩大了现有超疏水性涂层的应用范围,可根据不同需要,制备出不同力学性能的超疏水性涂层. 相似文献
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以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)滤料为基体材料,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为改性剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法,制备超疏水性PET滤料。在此基础上,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM-EDS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和接触角测试仪研究PET滤料改性前后的微观形貌、表面组成以及接触角等参数。研究表明:改性前后滤料微观孔隙率基本不变,TEOS改性的PET(T-PET)滤料由于形成大量亲水性的—OH基团,呈现完全润湿性;MTES改性的PET(M-PET)滤料表面存在疏水性的—CH3基团,呈现高疏水性;TEOS和MTES共同改性的PET (MT-PET)滤料表面由于大量疏水性的—CH3基团,且有大量的含有—CH3基团SiO2纳米粒子沉积在纤维表面,降低了滤料表面能,形成纳米级粗糙、褶皱甚至凸起形态;MT-PET的静态接触角(WCA)为(158.8±1.2)°,流失角(WSA)为(6.9±1.5)°,达到超疏水状态。此外,通过喷涂湿粉尘和水中浸泡(室温)滤料对比试验,表明MT-PET滤料具有良好的自清洁性能与稳定性。综上,本文中MT-PET超疏水滤料的制备,对于高湿环境下的袋式除尘材料的研究开发具有潜在价值。 相似文献
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改善超疏水表面的普适性、稳定性和耐磨性是超疏水材料实用化的前提。本研究通过水热反应和表面修饰成功制得接触角达156.2°、滚动角为3~4°的铜基超疏水表面。利用接触角测量、扫描电镜观察、XRD测试、红外光谱和EDS分析对超疏水铜表面的润湿性能、表面微结构、相结构和化学结构进行了分析表征。结果表明:所制备的超疏水表面是由大量Cu2S晶粒堆积形成的微纳米二元结构及接枝的疏水长链构成,二者共同赋予铜基超疏水表面广泛的普适性和良好的稳定性。同时,该超疏水表面具有良好的耐磨性和优异的自清洁性能。本工作对此项性能产生的原因和机理进行了分析探讨,以期为超疏水材料在实际生产和生活中的应用奠定基础。 相似文献
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In this work, a simple method, including electrodeposition and chemical modification, for fabrication of a superhydrophobic and oleophobic coating on steel substrate is reported. The surface morphology of this coating showed concave structure, and the contact angles of water and glycerol on this coating surface were about 153.57° and 149.32°, respectively. In addition, the water droplet was easy to roll on this coating surface, and the sliding angle was smaller than 10°. The contact angle of the water/ethanol droplet with different surface tension, from 56 to 36?mN?m?1, was also >130° on this coating surface, indicating this as superhydrophobic and oleophobic coating surface with good lyophobicity. Moreover, this coating surface had excellent non-sticking property for the water droplet under a certain external pressure, self-cleaning property and long-term stability. 相似文献
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使用化学氧化还原法制备出疏水性能优异的超疏水表面,使用接触角测量仪、扫描电镜对表面浸润性及形貌进行表征分析。制得的铝基体超疏水表面接触角高达163.31°,滚动角小于5°。探究不同反应时间对表面形貌和浸润性的影响,使用自制的结冰监测系统对制备出的超疏水表面的静态和动态水滴防覆冰性能进行探究,并结合一维传热理论和经典成核理论对实验结果进行分析。结果表明,反应80min时表面疏水效果最好,超疏水表面静态水滴延缓结冰时间约是普通样品的5倍,结冰温度也低了3.3℃,动态水滴撞击表面时,超疏水表面始终无积水和覆冰,表现出优异的静态和动态防覆冰性能。 相似文献
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A zinc substrate was firstly immersed in an aqueous solution of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution and then chemically modified with oleic acid to generate a superhydrophobic surface. The morphological features, chemical composition and superhydrophobicity of the resultant superhydrophobic surface were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared microscopy and water contact angle (WCA) measurements, respectively, and the tribological behavior of films was evaluated by sliding the superhydrophobic films against a steel ball under 0.5 N normal load using a reciprocating ball-on-plate tribo-tester. It was found that the as-obtained superhydrophobic surface on the roughened (oxidized) zinc substrate had a WCA as high as 155°, and effectively reduced friction and largely increased antiwear life, due to the combined beneficial effects of nanotexturing of DMF treatment and nanolubrication of self-assembled oleic acid overcoat. 相似文献
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A surface with micro- and nano-scale ZnO (zinc oxide) structure was fabricated by alkaline hydrothermal method. The CA (contact angle) on this double-roughness surface was low (down to ∼ 0°), but after spin-coating Teflon, the CA was increased to ∼ 168°. By observing with SEM, a “rose” like ZnO crystal surface structure was found, which was responsible for both superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity. The prepared surface also showed high chemical stability even after immersing the sample in water for 15 days. The method is simply controllable, cost-effective, and has a wide range of potential applications such as self-cleaning superhydrophobic coating on large areas of different substrates. 相似文献
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通过溶胶-凝胶法一步合成疏水性且具备独特形貌的二氧化硅粒子,联合聚苯乙烯以滴涂的方式于木材表面仿生合成了稳定性超疏水薄膜。经处理后的木材表面与水的静态接触角为153°,滚动角小于5°。通过扫描电子显微镜照片观察到该复合涂层拥有微米/亚微米的二维等级粗糙结构,该结构协同低表面能物质共同决定超疏水性木材的成功制得。此外,进一步研究了超疏水性木材表面的稳定性和耐久性。结果表明,该超疏水性木材于水、腐蚀性液体(酸液/碱液)、常见有机溶剂中以及一些常见条件下仍保留超疏水特性,为未来木材材料的应用领域扩展提供了有利条件。 相似文献