MICROSCOPIC PHASE-FIELD SIMULATION COUPLED WITH ELASTIC STRAIN ENERGY FOR γ′(Ni3Al) PRICIPITATION IN Ni-Al ALLOY

基于微观相场动力学模型和微观弹性能理论,对Ni-Al合金中沉淀相Ni3Al(γ′)形貌演化、早期沉淀机制和后期粗化过程进行了原子层面的计算机模拟.结果表明:沉淀过程中γ′相形貌由早期随机分布的圆形或不规则状逐渐向方形转变,其排列的取向性也越来越明显,最后形成周边圆滑的长方块状颗粒,沿[10]和[01]弹性"软"方向规则排列.弹性应变能作用下的粗化过程遵循优先选择的原则,位于弹性"软"方向上的颗粒不断长大和粗化,位于弹性"软"方向外的颗粒逐渐消失,沉淀后期在基体中形成高度择优取向的微观组织.低浓度Ni-Al合金中γ′相的早期沉淀机制为非经典形核长大机制,其演化序列为:过饱和固溶体→非化学计量比有序相→化学计量比平衡γ′相→长大.     

SIMULATIVE INVESTIGATION OF GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN NiAl ALLOY

１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＮｉＡｌａｌｏｙｗｉｔｈａＢ２ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｈａｓａｈｉｇｈｍｅｌｔｐｏｉｎｔ（１６３８℃），ｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ（５．８６ｇ／ｃｍ３），ｈｉｇｈｍｏｄｕｌｅ（２９４ＧＰａ）ａｎｄｈｉｇｈｈｅａｔｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｃｏ...     

BEHAVIOUR OF BORON SEGREGATION AT GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN BCC Fe-3% Si ALLOY

The behaviour of baron segregation at grain boundaries in Fe-3% Si has been studied bymeans of particle tracking autoradiography(PTA).The results indicate that the tendency ofequilibrium segregation of B at grain boundaries in Fe-3% Si is higher than that in austeniticalloys.No observable nonequilibrium segregation of B at grain boundaries was revealed inFe-3% Si alloy during cooling and isothermal holding.The binding energy between boron at-oms and grain boundaries is 55.7±1.7 kJ/mol.Based on the complex mechanism of B segre-gation of quenching-induce-nonequilibrium segregation,different behaviours of B segrega-tion in γ-Fe and bcc Fe-3% Si alloy were discussed.     

EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON INTERNAL FRICTION OF GRAIN BOUNDARY IN 2091 Al-Li ALLOY

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＨＥＡＴＴＲＥＡＴＭＥＮＴＯＮＩＮＴＥＲＮＡＬＦＲＩＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＧＲＡＩＮＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＩＮ２０９１ＡｌＬｉＡＬＬＯＹＳｕｎＤｏｎｇｌｉ，ＹａｎｇＤｅｚｈｕａｎｇ，ＹａｎｇＺｈｅｎｇｙａｏＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉ...     

SUPERPLASTICITY BEHAVIOURS OF Ni_3Al ALLOY WITH 10-30μm GRAIN SIZES

研究了晶粒尺寸为10—30μm的Ni3Al基合金的高温变形行为发现该合金在950—1100℃温区，应变速率约为2．1×10-4s-1时应变速率敏感指数m＞0．3，最大延伸率超过250％，具有超塑变形行为的特征金相及电子显微镜观察表明，变形过程中发生了明显的连续回复与再结晶．     

LOCAL CHEMISTRY AND THE COHESIVE STRENGTH OF GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN Ni_3Al

ＬＯＣＡＬＣＨＥＭＩＳＴＲＹＡＮＤＴＨＥＣＯＨＥＳＩＶＥＳＴＲＥＮＧＴＨＯＦＧＲＡＩＮＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＩＥＳＩＮＮｉ_３ＡｌＳｈａｎｔｈｉＳｕｂｒａｍａｎｉａｎ；ＤａｖｉｄＭｕｌｌｅｒ；ＪｏｈｎＳｉｌｃｏｘａｎｄＳｔｅｐｈｅｎＬ．Ｓａｓｓ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔ?..     

EVOLUTION OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN OXIDATIVE GROWTH OF Al_2O_3／Al ALLOY COMPOSITES

ＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＩＮＯＸＩＤＡＴＩＶＥＧＲＯＷＴＨＯＦＡｌ_２Ｏ_３／ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＳ￥ＸｉａＣｈａｎｇｑｉｎｇ；ＪｉｎＺｈａｎｐｅｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄ...     

LOW－ANGLE TILT GRAIN BOUNDARY BETWEEN MARTENSITE LATHES IN 9Ni STEEL

利用透射电镜和高分辨电镜对９Ｎｉ钢合金显微结构进行了观察，发现在几种不同热处理条件下，样品中的同一马氏体束内二相邻马氏体片的［１１０］_Ｍ方向间存在约５．３°的角度差．本文提出了一个类Ｂａｉｎ转变关系：［１０１］_Ａ∥［１１１］_Ｍ，（０１０）_Ａ∥（１１０）_Ｍ，可以合理解释这一现象．     

EFFECT OF INITIAL GRAIN SIZE ON STATIC RECRYSTALLIZA-TION SOFTENING IN Cr STEEL USING STRESS RELAXATION TECHNIQUE

Effect of initial grain size (I.G.S.) on static recrystallization softening in Cr steel (0.77wt. % Cr) has been investigated through the use of interrupted hot compression tests and stress relaxation curves from Gleeble 1500. Initial grain sizes were varied between 20 and 93 microns. Stress strains curves for Cr steel for different initial grain sizes and recrystallization times have been highlighted. Similar observation was made for metadynamic recrystallization with shorter retardation times. Statically recrystallized grain size also increased as initial grain size increases. It is found that the values of initial grain size have significant effects on the mean flow stress and static recrystallization kinetics as well as the peak strain values to initiate dynamic recrystallization.     

INFLUENCE OF GRAIN SIZE AND ORDERING DEGREE OF PARENT PHASE ON SME IN A CuZnAl ALLOY CONTAINING BORON

The influence of grain size and ordering degree of the parent phase on the shape memory re-covery in a Cu-25.62Zn-3.97Al-0.0018B(wt-%)memory alloy is investigated.Amathematical relationship is set up between the recovery ratio and ordering degree,probabili-ty of atoms at their ordered sites,grain size,the thickness of the grain boundary affected re-gions,the stress during deformation,as well as the critical shear stress.Shape memory effectreaches a maximum with varying grain size and increases linearly with increasing orderingparameter,which agrees well with experimental results.     

Ni3Al合金中晶界与位错交互作用的研究

运用嵌入原子法势函数和静态驰豫最陡梯度的计算方法,原子模拟了Ni_3Al合金中晶界与位错的交互作用.主要研究了晶界与位错交互作用的能量特征、晶界结构单元的畸变行为和晶界附近位错的核心结构,并分析讨论了各种因素对它们的影响以及与Ni_3Al晶界韧脆行为之间的关系     

Ni3Al晶界结构的计算机模拟

本文运用嵌入原子法势函数和静态弛豫最陡梯度的计算方法,模拟[100],[110]和[111]轴一系列具有不同晶界几何参量及化学成分的Ni_3Al对称倾侧晶界原子结构、晶界能和晶界的内聚能、电荷密度分布及应力场等内容,并着重研究和讨论了它们与硼偏聚,Ni_3Al的晶界韧脆行为,特别是硼韧化的化学计量效应之间的关系。     

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF GRAIN BOUNDARY STRUCTURES IN Ni_3Al

The embedded atom type potentials and static relaxation method combined with steepest gra-dient computational technique have been used to simulate the grain boundary cohesive ener-gies,the distribution of electron density and stress field in the grain boundary,region,and oth-er related problems of[100],[110]and[111]symmetric tilt grain boundaries in Ni_3Al withdifferent grain boundary geometrical index and composition.Their relations with the segrega-tion or boron,behaviors or the grain boundary,and especially the stoichiometrical effect of Binduced ductility have also been studied and discussed.     

Zr对Ni3Al晶界及力学性能的影响

对不同Ｚｒ含量Ｎｉ３Ａｌ的力学性能及晶界的研究结果表明：随Ｚｒ含量的增加，合金的屈服强度和抗张强度不断提高；当Ｚｒ≤０．７ａｔ．－％时，塑性随Ｚｒ含量的增加而提高；但Ｚｒ含量达１．２ａｔ．－％时，Ｚｒ的增塑效果下降．Ａｕｇｅｒ能谱分析表明：Ｚｒ在晶界有偏聚，偏聚因子约为３．断口观察显示：不含Ｚｒ或Ｚｒ含量为１．２ａｔ．－％的Ｎｉ－２４．０Ａｌ合金均为沿晶断裂，其余含Ｚｒ合金的断裂方式为穿晶、沿晶混合断裂．这表明：含Ｚｒ的Ｎｉ３Ａｌ塑性和Ｚｒ在晶界的偏聚有密切关系．     

SLIP FEATURE AND GRAIN BOUNDARY BEHAVIOURS OF Ni_3Al ALLOYS DURING DEFORMATION

The deformation behaviours of Ni_3Al alloys with various chemical compositions and subjectedto different heat treatments were in situ observed under SEM. Moreover,in situ observationsof slip trace were supplemented by the direct observation of dislocation arrangements underTEM.In B-doped Ni_3Al alloys it is shown that close to the grain boundary there exists a thinslip transition region,within which slip lines are reoriented or other slip systems are operatedto produce a local strain accommodation and to relax the stress concentration at grain bound-aries.Boron seems to lower the stress for dislocation generation from the grain boundaries orto ease the cross-slip close to the boundaries,and also to increase the number of dislocationsources.However,B-enhenced ductility is seriously affected by stoichiometry,the addition ofa tertiary alloy element and heat treatment,etc..     

急冷凝固Ni3Al合金中的亚稳相

通过急冷凝固,在Al含量超过化学计量值(25at.—％)的Ni_3Al和Ni_3Al(B)中会出现一种片层状的两相组织。经电子衍射和X射线衍射分析确定为基体γ’相和亚稳相。利用约化胞方法计算表明亚稳相为正交结构(α=0.2355nm,b=0.4157nm,c=0.1683nm),实验结果还表明,硼合金化对片层状组织的形成没有影响。     

Li对Ni3Al力学性能的影响

本文研究了含微量Ｌｉ的Ｎｉ３Ａｌ合金力学性能，结果发现Ｌｉ能提高Ｎｉ３Ａｌ的屈服强度，适量Ｌｉ能改善Ｎｉ３Ａｌ室温塑性，其断口形貌由Ｎｉ３Ａｌ合金的沿晶断裂变为混晶断裂；但Ｌｉ不能改善Ｎｉ３Ａｌ合金的中温脆性，对Ｎｉ３Ａｌ＋Ｂ合金室温塑性影响也不大。ＸＰＳ研究表明，Ｌｉ偏聚于Ｎｉ３Ａｌ合金晶界。本文给出了Ｌｉ提高多晶Ｎｉ３Ａｌ塑性的初步解释。     

Ni3Al合金的滑移特征及形变过程的晶界行为

通过SEM动态拉伸形变试验,研究了具有各种化学成分和不同热处理态Ni_3Al合金的形变滑移特征,并用TEM观察了晶界区域的位错组态。研究结果表明,在含硼Ni_3Al合金的晶界附近存在一个过渡滑移区,该区域中滑移线重新取向或其它滑移系开动,从而产生了局部应变调节并使晶界应力集中松弛。硼降低了开动晶界位错源所需的应力并可能同时增加了位错源本身的数目。硼对Ni_3Al的韧化作用强烈受到基体Al含量、合金元素及热处理等因素的影响。     

Mg的晶界偏聚效应及其对Ni_3Al(0.1B)抗腐蚀性能的影响

在金属间化合物Ni_3Al(0.1B)中注入能量为120keV,剂量为1×10~(16)ion/cm~2的Mg~+离子用多次扫描循环极化曲线测量和光学显微镜观察研究其腐蚀行为.发现经Mg~(+)离子注入后的样品在0.5mol/L H_2SO_4溶液中的抗蚀性能有很大的改善对Mg原子的偏聚现象进行实验测试和计算机模拟,增进了对Mg~(+)离子注入提高金属间化合物抗蚀性能机制的了解