Agent based sensors resource allocation in sensor grid

Sensor enabled grid may combine real time data about physical environment with vast computational resources derived from the grid architecture. One of the major challenges of designing a sensor enabled grid is how to efficiently schedule sensor resource to user jobs across the collection of sensor resources. The paper presents an agent based scheme for assigning sensor resources to appropriate sensor grid users on the basis of negotiation results among agents. The proposed model consists of two types of agents: the sensor resource agents that represent the economic interests of the underlying sensor resource providers of the sensor grid and the sensor user agents that represent the interests of grid user application using the grid to achieve goals. Interactions between the two agent types are mediated by means of market mechanisms. We model sensor allocation problems by introducing the sensor utility function. The goal is to find a sensor resource allocation that maximizes the total profit. This paper proposes a distributed optimal sensor resource allocation algorithm. The performance evaluation of proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared with other resource allocation algorithms for sensor grid. The paper also gives the application example of proposed approach.     

Active node determination for correlated data gathering in wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor network applications where data gathered by different sensor nodes is correlated, not all sensor nodes need to be active for the wireless sensor network to be functional. Given that the sensor nodes that are selected as active form a connected wireless network, the inactive sensor nodes can be turned off. Allowing some sensor nodes to be active and some sensor nodes inactive interchangably during the lifecycle of the application helps the wireless sensor network to have a longer lifetime. The problem of determining a set of active sensor nodes in a correlated data environment for a fully operational wireless sensor network can be formulated as an instance of the connected correlation-dominating set problem. In this work, our contribution is twofold; we propose an effective and runtime-efficient iterative improvement heuristic to solve the active sensor node determination problem, and a benefit function that aims to minimize the number of active sensor nodes while maximizing the residual energy levels of the selected active sensor nodes. Extensive simulations we performed show that the proposed approach achieves a good performance in terms of both network lifetime and runtime efficiency.     

A sensor deployment approach using glowworm swarm optimization algorithm in wireless sensor networks

A wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes that are densely deployed in a sensing environment. The effectiveness of the wireless sensor networks depends to a large extent on the coverage provided by the sensor deployment scheme. In this paper, we present a sensor deployment scheme based on glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) to enhance the coverage after an initial random deployment of the sensors. Each sensor node is considered as individual glowworms emitting a luminant substance called luciferin and the intensity of the luciferin is dependent on the distance between the sensor node and its neighboring sensors. A sensor node is attracted towards its neighbors having lower intensity of luciferin and decides to move towards one of them. In this way, the coverage of the sensing field is maximized as the sensor nodes tend to move towards the region having lower sensor density. Simulation results show that our GSO-based sensor deployment approach can provide high coverage with limited movement of the sensor nodes.     

立体视觉传感器优化设计技术研究

依据几何成像原理建立了对称式立体视觉传感器的参数模型,通过对此模型坐标测量误差及传感器各参数误差传递函数的分析,研究了立体视觉传感器结构参数及其误差传递规律对传感器综合测量精度的影响关系特性,分析了有效视场、坐标测量精度和传感器结构参数之间的关系,给出了立体视觉传感器结构参数的设计原则与方法步骤,对立体视觉传感器的结构进行了优化设计,对比了传统结构和新式结构的优缺点,并在文章最后介绍了实际应用以及达到的精度.     

汽车传感器的现状与发展趋势

介绍了汽车传感器的种类和检测对象,以及传感器在汽车电子控制系统中的应用概况,阐述了汽车传感器的现状,给出了汽车传感器的市场与预测,叙述了汽车传感器向着微型化、集成化和智能化的发展趋势,并认为,MEMS传感器将成为汽车传感器的发展主流。     

一种双目视觉传感器结构参数设计方法

依据三角法建立了对称式双目视觉传感器参数模型,通过对此模型坐标测量误差及传感器各参数误差传递函数的分析,研究了双目视觉传感器结构参数及其误差传递规律对传感器综合测量精度的影响关系特性,给出了双目视觉传感器结构参数的设计原则与方法步骤。     

WSN SnSim:一种无线传感网络仿真平台的研究与实现

随着无线传感网络技术的研究逐渐深入,对于无线传感网络仿真平台的需求也受到越来越多的重视.为了更加方便有效地进行无线传感网络上的算法研究,设计实现了一种无线传感网络仿真平台SnSim (Sensor Network Simulator).针对目前无线传感网络的发展情况,结合无线传感网络的特点,采用目前流行的Eclipse RCP面向对象框架,设计了无线传感网络仿真平台的数学模型、体系结构、功能模块、平台语言.实现了无线传感网络仿真平台,并对其性能及有效性进行了科学评估.     

无线传感器网络管理技术

无线传感器网络是一个资源受限、应用相关的任务型网络,与现有的计算机网络有显著差异。现有的网络管理不再适用于无线传感器网络,面临着诸多新的挑战。首先简要介绍了无线传感器网络管理的技术背景,并结合无线传感器网络自身的特点,给出了相应的无线传感器网络的管理技术应具备的特征等。然后提出了一个通用的无线传感器网络管理框架,并对其中的各管理内容及研究进展进行了详细论述。最后探讨了无线传感器网络管理领域面临的公开难题,并针对目前发展现状提出了今后的研究方向。     

面向传感器标准化接口模块的应用平台设计

传感器接口多样性给传感器应用系统的集成和维护带来了诸多不便,实现传感器接口的开放和统一显得尤为重要。在传感器接口标准化研究工作的基础上,探讨了传感器应用开发系统对接口标准的支持,基于.NET框架,设计并实现了面向传感器标准化接口模块的应用平台,该平台完成对标准化接口模块的自动识别、参数配置、校准及传感器数据测试功能。实验结果表明,该平台能够为传感器标准化接口模块的应用集成、传感器的互换和即插即用提供有效的支持,用户可快速、便捷地建立起满足需求的应用系统。     

传感器EMC的重要性与研究进展

针对现代信息技术对传感器稳定性、灵敏性及精确度要求日益提高,以及日益复杂电磁环境下传感器面临的电磁兼容性问题,论述传感器电磁兼容性内涵及特点,指出目前开展传感器电磁兼容性研究工作重要性,从传感器电磁抗干扰技术、PCB电磁兼容技术及传感器电磁兼容预估技术三个方面介绍国内外传感器电磁兼容性研究进展,最后对传感器电磁兼容性研究提出一些建议。     

一种支持传感器“即插即用”的动态适配器方法

传感网服务整合架构中的服务层和传感器层存在＂互操作鸿沟＂,即服务层和传感器层的适配工作代价非常大,现有的人工适配的方法严重影响观测的实时性,形成了传感器＂即插即用＂的巨大障碍。设计了一种传感器的信息模型USDI用于描述传感器的数据模型和协议模型,进而基于USDI提出了一种动态适配器方法,通过自动生成动态适配来实现与传感器的自动适配,进而实现传感器的＂即插即用＂。相关实验表明：该方法能够在不明显增加时间消耗的前提下,将适配的人工干预降低为零,进而能够实现传感器数据的自动解析,为传感器的＂即插即用＂提供了标准方法。     

Characteristic evaluation of a solid polymer electrolyte sensor

This paper describes a development of a curvature sensor using a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) film. The SPE film has good flexibility, and can be used in air. In previous research, we clarified output response to deformation of the SPE sensor and the relationship between sensor output and sensor curvature. In this paper, output characteristics of the SPE sensor are investigated in detail. Four sensors with different length and width are prepared. And the influence of the SPE sensor on the sensor element shape is investigated. As a result, it is confirmed that there are a several sensors which cause a slight reduction of the sensor output because it is difficult to place the whole sensor element on the sample curve exactly. Concerning with the large sensor, it was confirmed that the reduction of the sensor output is not occurred.     

Sensor data reconstruction using bidirectional recurrent neural network with application to bridge monitoring

Sensors are now commonly employed for monitoring and controlling of engineering systems. Despite significant advances in sensor technologies and their reliability, sensor fault is inevitable. Sensor data reconstruction methods have been studied to recover the missing or faulty sensor data, as well as to enable sensor fault detection and identification. Most existing sensor data reconstruction methods use only the spatial correlations among the sensor data, but they rarely consider the temporal correlations among the data. Use of temporal correlations among the sensor data can potentially improve the accuracy for reconstructing the data. This paper presents a data-driven bidirectional recurrent neural network (BRNN) for sensor data reconstruction, taking into consideration the spatiotemporal correlations among the sensor data. The methodology is demonstrated using the sensor data collected from the Telegraph Road Bridge located along the I-275 Corridor in Michigan. The results show that the BRNN-based method performs better than other current data-driven methods for accurately reconstructing the sensor data.     

传感器网络中的传感器管理研究

传感器网络和传感器管理是国际社会的研究热点,但目前针对传感器网络中的传感器管理问题的研究成果很少,文中对这一问题进行了初步分析与探讨,在深入分析传感器网络的基本特性的基础上,给出了传感器网络中传感器管理的一些基本原则,采用分层式传感器网络系统结构,提出了基于任务驱动的传感器管理方案,并详细阐述了方案中各个部分的工作原理,提出了一种基于多智能体技术的传感器管理模型,实现了传感器感知信息的交互和传感器感知动作的协同功能.     

一种安全的无线传感器节点结构设计方案

提出了一种提高无线传感器网络中传感节点安全性的系统结构,通过在传感节点上增加安全存储模块,可靠地保证了传感节点中所存储密钥信息的机密性、完整性,并可有效地对节点上关键应用程序的合法性进行验证,从而保证了传感网络中安全协议、认证方案的有效性、鲁棒性。和传统的传感节点相比,只是增加了节点的少量成本,但传感节点以及传感网络的安全性能得到了大幅度的提升。     

基于移动无线传感器网络的定位研究概论

近来,在无线传感器网络的研究已经集中到了移动无线传感器网络,已经出现了可以控制自我移动的微小传感嚣装置了.尽管移动性加强了传感器网络的覆盖和连接之间的联系,但是仍然存在着很多问题.在这些问题中,最主要的可能就是传感器节点的位置估计了.定位不仅需要知道传感器所在空间环境的数据,也需要知道移动传感器导航的关键特征.对移动无...     

无线传感器网络中传感器节点的布置

在无线传感器网络中，传感器节点收集本地数据，通常通过其它节点将数据转发给基站，因而离基站越近的节点，消耗的能量越多．如果采用通常的方法，即均匀布置传感器节点，则基站附近的节点将很快消耗完能量，基站也就无法收集数据．本文通过研究无线传感器网络中的能量消耗，得到了一个布置传感器节点的密度函数，按此函数布置传感器节点可以有效地延长系统的生命期．理论分析和模拟结果表明，本文的布置方案将系统生命期提高到均匀布置方案的3R/2t倍，这里t为传感器节点的通信距离，R为传感器节点的分布区域半径．     

传感器功能材料现状与展望

作为敏感元件基体材料的传感器功能材料在很大程度上对传感器质量起先决作用.传感器功能材料是传感器进一步发展的基础,是传感器技术通向应用领域的桥梁.因此,要发展传感器技术,首先就要重视传感器功能材料的开发研究.本文结合传感器的开发应用,阐述传感器功能材料的开发现状和发展趋势.     

基于单片机的磁通门传感器非正交性校正研究

为提高对磁通门传感器误差校正的能力,该文提出基于单片机的磁通门传感器非正交性误差校正方法。构建磁通门传感器非正交性约束参数模型,结合PI调节器对磁通门传感器的节点进行部署设计;在输出振荡模式约束下设计磁通门传感器的组网结构,结合ZigBee组网协议实现传感器路由探测;在自适应反馈调节方法的约束下,结合最短路径寻优控制过程实现磁通门传感器非正交性误差补偿抑制,通过自适应扩频处理方法对传感器的信道输出进行补偿,并提取传输信道的关联特征量,结合信道均衡控制方法进行磁通门传感器网络的输出误差补偿;采用单片机对磁通门传感器校正过程进行集成控制,提高磁通门传感器输出过程的自适应信息处理能力。仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行磁通门传感器非正交性误差校正过程的稳定性较好、传输损耗较少,输出结果误码率较低,有效提高了传感器的信息输出的准确性。     

一种基片式光纤光栅应变增敏传感器

针对传统裸光栅直接粘贴式应变传感器应变灵敏度小的缺陷,提出了一种基片式光纤光栅应变增敏传感器,通过设计杠杆增敏结构的封装基片实现对光纤光栅的应变增敏.该传感器具有较大的应变放大机制,其测量精度与稳定性超过了裸光纤光栅.建立了该传感器的理论感知模型,并进行了与有限元仿真分析.由等强度悬臂梁标定实验可得该传感器实际应变灵敏度为6.122 pm/με,与理论结果和仿真结果一致,且线性度达到0.99998.通过动态激振实验对该应变增敏传感器的动态响应进行研究,实验结果表明该传感器能够在0～100 Hz范围内保持一致的增敏效果,能够良好的跟踪动态应变.该传感器在大型机械装备的健康监测与故障诊断方面具有良好的应用前景.