A TWO‐STAGE WIN–WIN MULTIATTRIBUTE NEGOTIATION MODEL: OPTIMIZATION AND THEN CONCESSION

Many automated negotiation models have been developed to solve the conflict in many distributed computational systems. However, the problem of finding win–win outcome in multiattribute negotiation has not been tackled well. To address this issue, based on an evolutionary method of multiobjective optimization, this paper presents a negotiation model that can find win–win solutions of multiple attributes, but needs not to reveal negotiating agents’ private utility functions to their opponents or a third‐party mediator. Moreover, we also equip our agents with a general type of utility functions of interdependent multiattributes, which captures human intuitions well. In addition, we also develop a novel time‐dependent concession strategy model, which can help both sides find a final agreement among a set of win–win ones. Finally, lots of experiments confirm that our negotiation model outperforms the existing models developed recently. And the experiments also show our model is stable and efficient in finding fair win–win outcomes, which is seldom solved in the existing models.     

‘A or B’ to ‘A and B’

nal responses to such situations predominantly involve trade–off and compromise. This either/or thinking style almost invariably leads to lose–lose outcomes. This in turn despite the inordinate amount of literature and methodology available for ‘optimising’ those outcomes. Highly fashionable talk of ‘third ways’ or ‘win–win’ or ‘A and B’ solutions are an emerging counter to such thinking. Unfortunately, the literature–base for such approaches is largely non–existent, and hence win–win remains as precisely fashionable talk to most observers. This paper discusses the positive role TRIZ may be expected to play in beginning the task of turning win–win from nice idea to practical reality. Mass–customization is used as an exemplar contradiction problem.     

基于支持向量机的蛋白质相互作用位点预测

蛋白质的功能常体现在生物大分子的相互作用中,识别蛋白质相互作用位点对于研究蛋白质功能发挥着重要作用。蛋白质间主要通过表面残基发生相互作用,蛋白质相互作用形成复合体时,只有部分表面残基参与了该过程。基于序列谱信息,提取序列上相邻残基的序列谱作为输入特征向量,对大小为3和7的残基信息窗（win3,win7）,分别采用支持向量机（SVM）分类器对蛋白质相互作用位点进行预测、比较和分析。最终实验结果为：win3的平均正确率为69．31％,win7的平均正确率为69．68％。     

The Design of GDPR-Abiding Drones Through Flight Operation Maps: A Win–Win Approach to Data Protection,Aerospace Engineering,and Risk Management

Minds and Machines - Risk management is a well-known method to face technological challenges through a win–win combination of protective and proactive approaches, fostering the collaboration...     

A dispositional approach to hostility toward sports commentators in online arenas

A limited amount of studies examined the effects of sports commentary on online readers’ attitudes toward online sports commentators. Approaching disposition effects hypothesis in online arenas, this study examined the effects of the positive/negative sports commentaries and the win/loss of readers’ favorite team on their hostility toward online sports commentators. A two (the win of the favorite team versus the loss of the favorite team) by two (the positive commentaries versus the negative commentaries) within-subjects repeated measures experiment with emotional responses as a covariate was designed to measure readers’ hostility toward online sports commentators. Results showed that disposition effects activated by the win/loss and the positive/negative commentaries significantly led readers to a higher level of hostility toward online sports commentators. Moreover, main effects for the positive/negative commentaries were stronger than main effects for the win/loss of the favorite team. Although readers’ emotional responses could not directly moderate the effects of the positive/negative commentaries on the win/loss of the favorite team, online readers with a more positive level of emotional responses to sports commentaries reported a lower level of hostility toward online sports commentators.     

谈笔记本电脑由Windows7系统重装为XP系统

随着win7系统的上市,目前许多新购买的笔记本电脑被预安装好Win7操作系统。但由于种种原因有一部分用户想把Win7重装为Winxp,但是,在重装系统的过程中大多会出现蓝屏或无法读取硬盘等而无法安装成功的情况。经过多次实践,笔者发现这主要是由于Winxp系统安装盘中缺少SATA驱动而导致的。介绍了处理该问题的有效办法——制作一张集成有SATA驱动的winxp系统盘。     

32位Windows系统下 PE文件的软件加密解密方法

PE文件格式（Portable Executable File Format）是32位Windows操作系统引入的可执行文件格式．本文介绍了PE文件的格式，对格式中重要的部分及其在Windows操作系统下的装入机制进行了详细的分析。最后提出了用软件对PE可执行文件的加密解密方法。     

Win2000操作系统的安全应用初析

近年来,计算机受病毒攻击损失很惨重,主要是由于操作系统存在安全漏洞。本文以Win2000操作系统为例,分析在日常应用中如何通过端口控制,Win2000操作系统的安全配置来确保操作系统的安全。     

论网络中心战理论对我军军事斗争准备的启示

网络中心战是新军事变革的产物,是信息技术与军事装备相结合的产物。它是通过扁平化的网络,把信息优势转变为作战行动优势,最终实现"发现即摧毁"的作战目标。网络中心战理论自产生以来就受到广泛关注,并在阿富汗、伊拉克战争中得到了实战检验,达到了预期效果。网络中心战从理论到实践的发展历程表明:信息优势是夺取战争胜利的重要前提,要始终注意各类信息资源的开发利用;先进的军事技术是夺取战争胜利的物质基础,要加速武器装备的信息化改造与升级;高素质的人才是依然是夺取战争胜利的决定性因素,要充分发挥人的主观能力性。     

一个三维需求模型及其对涉众协同的支持

在多涉众(stakeholder)参加的协同开发活动中,不同的涉众关注软件开发的不同方面,例如技术、过程、人.由于涉众的"赢条件(win condition)"之间的相互影响冲突往往是隐含的,所以,它们之间的冲突不容易被发现,导致各方共赢的均衡状态难以达成.提出了一个三维的需求模型TRISO-RM(tri-dimensional integrated software requirements model),通过它来描述和集成涉众对于软件开发不同方面的赢条件.在此基础上,通过由一组互相依赖的制品、活动、参与者所构成的TRISO-Element作为媒介,以发现、建立和维护不同赢条件之间的关系.基于TRISO-RM,分析了涉众目标冲突的一种典型形式--模型冲突(model clash)所发生的机理,并给出了发现与解决的过程.通过在软件质量管理平台SoftPM的开发中的实践应用,TRISO-RM方法对于涉众协同支持的有效性得到了验证.     

Financing decisions in supply chains with a capital‐constrained manufacturer: competition and risk

Supply chain finance is a crucial topic. In this paper, we consider that a capital‐constrained manufacturer can borrow money from either a bank (bank credit financing) or a retailer (trade credit financing). Our analysis compares supply chain performance under these two financing schemes. Furthermore, we extend our model to evaluate the impacts of retail competition and supply chain member's risk aversion on supply chains, which consist of one capital‐constrained manufacturer and two competing retailers. We consider three financing schemes: only bank credit financing, dual trade credit financing, and bank and trade credit mix financing. We find that without retail competition, the retailer is always willing to use the trade credit financing; whereas with retail competition, if one retailer provides the trade credit but the other does not, the credit provider could receive the superior profit. Thus, providing an appropriate trade credit financing scheme is critically important for retailers. Moreover, we find that without retail competition, when a trade interest rate is relatively low, both the retailer and manufacturer could reach a win‐win situation in the trade credit financing. However, with retail competition, supply chain members (i.e., two retailers and one manufacturer) will not have an all‐win situation no matter which specific financing scheme is adopted and only a win‐win‐lose situation exists when using the credit mix financing scheme or the dual trade credit financing in supply chains. Last but not least, regardless of risk neutrality or aversion of supply chain members, their pricing decisions among three financing schemes are similar. This implies that the impacts of supply chain members’ risk aversion are limited in supply chain financing scheme selection. More managerial insights are discussed.     

基于远程线程的Windows2K客户计费系统的设计

为保证计费系统的安全运行，Win2000客户端计费软件必须从进程列表中隐藏起来；将客户端封装成动态链接库，采用远程线程技术将其嵌入系统关键进程内，从而实现真实隐藏；动态链接库实现了客户端到服务器的登录校验，并侦听服务器的关机和续费指令，实现了网络环境下服务器对Win2k客户端的远程管理。     

On competitive learning.

We derive learning rates such that all training patterns are equally important statistically and the learning outcome is independent of the order in which training patterns are presented, if the competitive neurons win the same sets of training patterns regardless the order of presentation. We show that under these schemes, the learning rules in the two different weight normalization approaches, the length-constraint and the sum-constraint, yield practically the same results, if the competitive neurons win the same sets of training patterns with both constraints. These theoretical results are illustrated with computer simulations.     

A multi-agent model of several economic regions

This paper presents Lagom regiO: a multi-agent model of several growing economic areas in interaction. The model is part of the Lagom model family: economic multi-agent models developed to make steps toward understanding equilibrium selection and identifying win–win opportunities for climate policy. The particular feature of the model presented here is that it locates agents in one of a user-chosen number of regions. It can thus be used to represent diverse economic areas by specifying characteristics of agents and their interaction network as depending on their regions.     

Collaborative Problem Solving Through Creativity in Problem Definition: Expanding the Pie

The classic models of two party problem solving in situations of potential conflict are reviewed and the growing impetus for a process that would encourage collaborative win‐win solutions is summarized. In is demonstrated that in‐win collaboration requires innovative thinking, and that a four stage process of deliberate creativity with a track record of success is described. The process, called Simplex, emphasizes ‘out of the box’ thinking in problem defining (before solving) as the key to making a perceived ‘fixed pie’ larger, moving beyond the shackles of zero‐sum, win‐lose, compromise thinking. If a problem can be conceptualized from a new angle in such a way that each party believes its resolution would provide a high level of satisfaction, then the parties will be more likely to work together collaboratively. This process uses four specific creative thinking skills. A case study is described in which the Simplex process was used in union management bargaining. In the case study, when the creative process was deliberately applied, success was achieved in building trust and developing expanded pies and new solutions. However, when the process was abandoned, the trust was lost, no creative solutions were developed, and a sub‐optimal lose‐lose situation resulted. A two‐dimensional diagnostic model which shows the relationship between skill level in the process and motivation to use it is provided. This model defines four modes of pure and mixed distributive and integrative bargaining.     

Linux5．5安装U盘的制作与应用

用U盘安装win7操作系统已经相当普及,这是因为微软发布win7的同时发布了win7的安装u盘制作工具,使得u盘安装盘制作更为容易;而且u盘能重复使用,安装过程比光盘可靠而且速度快。但其他操作系统（如Linux）的u盘安装方法则很少报道,本文阐述制作1inux安装u盘的制作以及用u盘安装Read Hat Enterpro Linux5．5操作系统以及安装引导成功的关键事项。     

网站竞争模型的定性分析

描述互联网网站竞争系统的模型中,较为典型的是三网站Lotka-Volterra模型.已有文献通过大量的数值计算,发现该模型反映了强者胜弱者、弱者联合可胜强者等有趣的现象.但是,已有文献中的结论来自于大量的数值计算,它们未得到严格的证明,也不够完整.本文用微分方程定性理论的方法,对这类网站竞争模型进行了彻底的分析,不仅严格证明了已有文献中的经验性结论,而且给出了一系列新的网站获胜策略.     

实现不规则窗口的一种方法

介绍了在Windows下实现不规则窗口的基本原理,并提出了一种具体的实现方法。     

基于WEB模式招投标决策系统的分析与研究

介绍了目前设备采购招投标的现状与存在的问题，并分析和建立了网上招投标系统的体系结构、网络架构和功能结构。利用决策支持系统理论中的层次分析法评定中标企业，该层次分析法思想简洁、使用灵活，能够成功地应用于中标方的评定，特别是对于缺少定量数据进行定性判断的情况。在此基础上，开发出了基于WEB模式采购招投标系统，经实际应用，该招标系统与传统的招标管理相比，充分体现招投标工作的“透明”特征，发扬“公平、公开、公正”的原则。     

Coordinated ordering decisions for products with short lifecycle and variable selling price

The supplier–buyer coordination is an important policy in the supply chain management. The buyer in the two-echelon inventory system with regular selling season has to face the uncertainty of customer demand, supplier’s delivery time and variable price change. At the same time, the supplier has to consider the inventory holding and delay cost. The objective of this study is to develop an integrated supply chain strategy for products with short lifecycle and variable selling price to entice cooperation. The strategy must provide a win–win situation for both the supplier and the buyer. A numerical case example, sensitivity analysis and compensation mechanism are given to illustrate the model.