中国西部地区金融发展的经济效应(1952-2008)

基于金融发展与经济增长理论,运用西部地区1952-2008年的时间序列数据,通过单位根检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验以及方差分解,对我国西部地区金融发展与经济增长的关系进行了研究.结果显示:西部地区金融发展规模长期促进了经济的增长,但金融发展效率即贷存比长期对经济增长产生了抑制作用,而农业信贷资金的投入也没能成为促进经济增长的重要因素.在此基础上,提出深化金融体制改革,推出多层次、多元性的金融产品,调整和优化业务品种结构,强化对于农业信贷资金的监管力度等促进西部地区金融发展与经济增长政策.     

农村金融生态环境问题研究——宝鸡地区实证分析

金融生态环境是引入经济领域的一个仿生学概念.本文在对农村金融生态环境理论探讨的基础上,针对宝鸡地区农村金融生态环境的现状及存在问题,从农村经济、法治环境、信用环境等几个方面进行了实证分析,并且提出了相应的政策建议,旨在对农村金融生态的建设研究提供新的视角.     

农户融资困境的表现分析

分别从农户向正规金融融资困境和向民间金融融资困境两个方面深入分析了农户融资困境的表现.农户向正规金融融资的困境表现在:农村地区金融机构网点不足,农户获贷率较低,贷款手续多,贷款期限不合理,贷款成本偏高和农户单笔融资数额小、零散.农户向民间金融融资的困境表现在:民间融资规模有限和民间融资的隐形成本高两个方面.     

浅论我国发展农村金融存在的问题

有效性低,适应性弱,是长期以来农村金融存在的两个相互联系的深层次问题.提高农村金融适应性和有效性,关键在于构建与金融需求相适应的农村金融结构,同时要处理好金融竞争与合作、进入与退出、对外开放与对内开放、农户融资模式创新等问题,为之营造良好的外部环境.     

中国传统型农户信贷需求与供给分析——基于传统型农户特殊性的视角

与成熟的城市金融体系相比,中国传统型农户遵循生存经济逻辑和圈层差序社会交往格局,这也就决定了传统型农户具有以下六个方面的信贷需求特征:严重的信息不对称;缺乏可抵押物;特殊性成本与风险;以非生产性信贷为主;以无息的熟人友情借贷为主;单笔贷款数额小,要求信贷手续灵活、简便、及时.要解决传统型农户的融资困境,关键在于建立符合传统型农户信贷需求特征的信贷供给安排,主要包括以下三个渠道:熟人亲友元息借贷;民间非正式互助合作金融;官方或公益扶助性质的政策性金融.     

我国农村金融市场供求分析

农村金融市场的改革与发展对解决我国"三农"问题具有重大意义,我国大部分的农民都生活在农村地区.长期以来,人们对发达地区的关注多于民族地区,对城市的关注多于农村,对城市金融的关注多于农村金融,对农村正规金融的关注多于非正规金融,农村金融市场的改革和发展面临着许多的现实问题和理论争议,需要我们进行深入研究、积极探索.本文主要是对我国农村金融市场供求状况的文献综述,首先对我国农村金融市场的供给和需求分别进行分析,然后分析形成这一现状的原因,并提出实现供求平衡的路径.     

农户借贷需求性质调查与分析

在对漳州市华安县华丰镇2个村庄农户借贷需求调查的基础上,分析了农户家庭收入水平、家庭经营类型、年龄、受教育程度对农户借贷需求性质的影响,进而从增加生产性借贷有效供给、创新农村消费信贷品种、发展小型和微型农村金融机构及发挥政府作用等方面提出推动农村金融发展的建议.     

农业信贷资金配置的经济效应——基于面板数据单位根检验、协整检验及误差修正模型

利用Cobb-Douglas生产函数建立农业信贷投入与农业经济增长的模型,基于中部地区1978-2007年的面板数据,运用单位根检验、协整检验以及误差修正模型对中部地区农业信贷投入与农业经济增长之间的关系进行短期和长期的分析.结果显示:中部地区农业信贷投入与农业经济增长存在长期双向因果关系,在短期只存在农业经济增长引导农业信贷投入的单向因果关系,即农村金融发展为需求导向型,农业信贷的投入并没有成为促进农业经济增长的原因.在此基础上,提出了农村金融体制改革的相关政策和建议.     

农业产业化水平与农村金融供给的关系研究——以河南省为例

笔者利用因子分析方法,探讨了河南省农业产业化发展水平与农村金融供给的关系,结论表明,在农业产业化水平高的地区,农业产业化水平与金融供给存在一定的正向变化趋势,而在农业产业化水平低的地区则没有表现出正向互动关系.在此基础上,提出促进农业产业化发展的金融政策建议.     

城乡金融资源非均衡对我国城乡收入差距影响的实证分析

按照现代金融发展理论,金融资源对促进区域经济发展和居民收入增长十分重要.文章在对我国城乡金融资源非均衡配置影响城乡收入差距的描述性分析基础上,运用城乡金融资源非均衡等指标,实证分析了城乡金融资源非均衡配置对我国城乡收入差距的影响.结果显示,我国农村金融资源严重匮乏,农村金融资源未能有效促进农民收入增长,城乡金融资源非均衡配置导致我国城乡收入差距不断扩大.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.