基于领域本体的语义标注方法研究

介绍了语义Web.本体以及语义标注的基本概念,对语义标注方法以及现有技术工具进行了简单地说明和分析,提出了一种基于领域本体的语义标注方法,并结合石油产品领域的本体对该方法进行了实例说明.该方法通过分析文档的特征词汇,使用基于领域本体的空间向量模型方法建立词汇与本体概念之间的映射.采用这种方法对文档进行语义标注后,可以把文档隐含的语义信息显式的表现出来,这样数据库内部文档之间就具有了语义关联关系,为检索的智能推理提供基础.     

Towards psychology-aware preference construction in recommender systems: Overview and research issues

Journal of Intelligent Information Systems - User preferences are a crucial input needed by recommender systems to determine relevant items. In single-shot recommendation scenarios such as...     

Ethics of healthcare robotics: Towards responsible research and innovation

How can we best identify, understand, and deal with ethical and societal issues raised by healthcare robotics? This paper argues that next to ethical analysis, classic technology assessment, and philosophical speculation we need forms of reflection, dialogue, and experiment that come, quite literally, much closer to innovation practices and contexts of use. The authors discuss a number of ways how to achieve that. Informed by their experience with “embedded” ethics in technical projects and with various tools and methods of responsible research and innovation, the paper identifies “internal” and “external” forms of dialogical research and innovation, reflections on the possibilities and limitations of these forms of ethical–technological innovation, and explores a number of ways how they can be supported by policy at national and supranational level.     

ParConnect reproducibility report

Flick et al. (2015) [1] proposed a novel distributed algorithm for connected component labeling on de Bruijn graphs. As a special activity of the Student Cluster Competition at SC16 (The International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis), we replicated the experiments in their paper. Though minor differences exist, experiment results show that, two optimizations, “load balancing” and “active partitions only”, are both effective; the algorithm is scalable when processor cores are enough. We conclude that the correctness, performance and scalability of the algorithm are successfully reproduced.     

Towards an information systems perspective and research agenda on crowdsourcing for innovation

Recent years have seen an increasing emphasis on open innovation by firms to keep pace with the growing intricacy of products and services and the ever changing needs of the markets. Much has been written about open innovation and its manifestation in the form of crowdsourcing. Unfortunately, most management research has taken the information system (IS) as a given. In this essay we contend that IS is not just an enabler but rather can be a shaper that optimizes open innovation in general and crowdsourcing in particular. This essay is intended to frame crowdsourcing for innovation in a manner that makes more apparent the issues that require research from an IS perspective. In doing so, we delineate the contributions that the IS field can make to the field of crowdsourcing.     

Towards integrating acceptance and resistance research: evidence from a telecare case study

There is wide agreement that acceptance and resistance are crucial factors in information system (IS) adoption. Research has yielded many theories that have focused on either acceptance or resistance, often implicitly assuming that these are opposites. This paper proposes a two-factor view on acceptance and resistance, and shows how this idea may advance our knowledge of IS adoption. In developing a user reactions framework, we take a first step towards integrating the IS literature on acceptance and on resistance. This framework distinguishes between two behavioural dimensions, namely, acceptance, ranging from high use to non-use, and a dimension that ranges from enthusiastic support to aggressive resistance. Combining the two dimensions leads to four categories of user reactions. We show the framework's usefulness by analysing data from a telecare implementation project. The findings identify ambivalent reactions. Many clients are identified as supporting but non-using, while we also find telenurses and care coordinators that show themselves to be resisting but using. These findings support the view that non-acceptance and resistance are conceptually non-equivalent. Our data suggest voluntariness as one determinant of the variation in behavioural reactions encountered. We argue that the concepts are also functionally different: IS implementers will have to adapt their strategies to the different reactions described.     

Towards sustainable mobility behavior: research challenges for location-aware information and communication technology

Private transport accounts for a large amount of total CO₂ emissions, thus significantly contributing to global warming. Tools that actively support people in engaging in a more sustainable life-style without restricting their mobility are urgently needed. How can location-aware information and communication technology (ICT) enable novel interactive and participatory approaches that help people in becoming more sustainable? In this survey paper, we discuss the different aspects of this challenge from a technological and cognitive engineering perspective, based on an overview of the main information processes that may influence mobility behavior. We review the state-of-the-art of research with respect to various ways of influencing mobility behavior (e.g., through providing real-time, user-specific, and location-based feedback) and suggest a corresponding research agenda. We conclude that future research has to focus on reflecting individual goals in providing personal feedback and recommendations that take into account different motivational stages. In addition, a long-term and large-scale empirical evaluation of such tools is necessary.     

Functional reproducibility in nonlinear systems using dynamic compensation

A new sufficient condition for the existence of a control to generate a given real analytic function as the output of multivariable nonlinear systems with dynamic compensation is derived. Furthermore, a prefilter (right-inverse system) is constructed to generate the required control.     

Towards an industrial grade IVE for Java and next generation research platform for JML

Tool support for the Java Modeling Language (JML) is a very pressing problem. A main issue with current tools is their architecture; the cost of keeping up with the evolution of Java is prohibitively high, e.g., Java 5 has yet to be fully supported. This paper presents JmlEclipse, an Integrated Verification Environment (IVE) for JML that builds upon Eclipse’s support for Java, enhancing it with preliminary versions of Runtime Assertion Checking (RAC), Extended Static Checking (ESC), Full Static Program Verification (FSPV), and symbolic execution. To our knowledge, JmlEclipse is the first IVE to support such a full range of verification techniques for a mainstream language. We present the original tool architecture as well as an improved design based on use of the JML Intermediate Representation (JIR), which helps decouple JmlEclipse from the internals of its base compiler. As a result, we believe that JmlEclipse is easier to maintain and extend. Use of JIR as a tool exchange format is also described.     

Tools to think with? Towards understanding the use of computer-based support tools in policy relevant research

As environmental science has broadened to address policy concerns, there has been an effort to transfer the perceived benefits of formal modelling to these new areas through the creation of computer-based support tools. However, a number of poorly addressed issues pose barriers to the uptake of such tools. These issues are discussed to argue that the current support tool research agenda is too focussed on hard, technical concerns and that greater emphasis needs to be given to soft, contextual aspects of design and use. To counter these deficiencies we propose a framework for research based upon the concepts of innovation and receptivity. Three different sources of innovation relevant to support tools and end-user receptivity are identified. We contend that new technologies and new techniques for manipulating them have to be translated into the pre-existing knowledge and working practices of user communities before they can be effectively employed. To illustrate the proposed framework, the paper explores the impact of one innovation source on receptivity within the context of a research project developing and applying support tool technology. The need to better understand the dimensions of innovation and how they relate to the processes that determine user receptivity to support tools is emphasised.     

Towards Excellence in Science

Science is a human enterprise in the pursuit of knowledge. The scientific revolution that occurred in the 17th Century initiated the advances of modem science. The scientific knowledge system created by human beings, the tremendous productivity brought about by science, and the spirit, methodologies and norms formulated in scientific practice since the 17th Century have long become essential elements of modern civilization.     

Towards the improved treatment of generalization of knowledge claims in IS research: drawing general conclusions from samples

This paper presents a framework for justifying generalization in information systems (IS) research. First, using evidence from an analysis of two leading IS journals, we show that the treatment of generalization in many empirical papers in leading IS research journals is unsatisfactory. Many quantitative studies need clearer definition of populations and more discussion of the extent to which ‘significant’ statistics and use of non-probability sampling affect support for their knowledge claims. Many qualitative studies need more discussion of boundary conditions for their sample-based general knowledge claims. Second, the proposed new framework is presented. It defines eight alternative logical pathways for justifying generalizations in IS research. Three key concepts underpinning the framework are the need for researcher judgment when making any claim about the likely truth of sample-based knowledge claims in other settings; the importance of sample representativeness and its assessment in terms of the knowledge claim of interest; and the desirability of integrating a study's general knowledge claims with those from prior research. Finally, we show how the framework may be applied by researchers and reviewers. Observing the pathways in the framework has potential to improve both research rigour and practical relevance for IS research.     

Towards communityware

This paper summarizes our recent activities to support people to communicate with each other using public computer network systems. Unlike conventional teleconferencing systems, which are mainly for business meetings, we focus on informal communication in open orgnizations. So far, three different systems have been developed and actually tested.

Student cluster competition: ParConnect reproducibility task report

Reproducibility is a desirable characteristic of any experimental work in computer science. In this paper, we reproduce the results in the paper, “A parallel connectivity algorithm for de Bruijn graphs in metagenomic applications”, for verifying their claims on the speed and scalability of their algorithm. We first state the claims made in the original paper. Then, we describe our hardware and software setup used for the reproducibility task, followed by the steps taken to setup the proposed algorithm and profiling software. Lastly, we present the results obtained from our experiments and show that we are able to reproduce most of the claims made in the original paper.     

Functional reproducibility of general multivariable analytic non-linear systems

In this paper the functional reproducibility of a general multivariable analytic nonlinear system of the form x =f(x, u), y = h{x, u) will be discussed, where the state space is a real analytic manifold. A general inversion algorithm is presented for the system. A sufficient and necessary condition for the functional reproducibility of the system is derived. The construction of a right-inverse system is also included.