共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
2.
3.
生物质的热裂解与热解油的精制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
生物质能属于可再生能源,其利用符合社会可持续发展的原则。生物质在中等温度下(约500℃)热裂解主要得到热解油。介绍了温度对热裂解过程的影响、热解油——水的二元相图、热裂解过程的机理和热解油的特性,综述了催化剂种类,溶剂等对热解油催化裂解的影响。结果表明,催化剂H-ZSM-5的脱氧效果最好,以四氢萘为溶剂时,精制油的收率大幅提高,达39.4%。 相似文献
4.
生物质热裂解制油的动力学及技术研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在不同升温速率下对水曲柳原料在 30 0~ 12 0 0 K范围内进行了热重分析试验 ,试验显示生物质热裂解随温度升高经历五个不同阶段。采用微商法和积分法对其主体阶段的分析得到相互一致的结果 :活化能为 10 1.4 k J/mol、指数因子为 1.2 2× 10 7s- 1 的一阶一步动力学模型。在所开发的以流化床反应器为主体的生物质热裂解制油系统上对生物质进行热裂解试验 ,得出了温度、粒径、停留时间和木种等几种最为重要的参数对热裂解制油的影响规律 ,并在 773K左右成功制取出产率高达 6 0 %的生物油 ,同时用色质联机分析 (GC- MS)技术对所制取的生物油进行了初步分析。 相似文献
5.
以红松、白松、落叶松、玉米秸秆等不同生物质为原料,对流化床反应器热裂解制取的生物油进行了研究试验,通过对生物油的物理特性及其成分的分析,得出的实验结果表明:红松制取的生物油品质最好,热值高,含水率低,更适合进一步改性研究和应用,并利用现代精密仪器GC-MS对生物油进行了组分分析,解释了生物油高含氧和高含水特性。 相似文献
6.
分析生物质油6种模拟物在裂解温度500℃,不同质量空速条件下的催化裂解产物。不含芳环的生物质油模拟物(乙酸、甲醇、环戊酮和糠醛)经过HZSM-5分子筛催化剂催化裂解后的产物中,均含有苯、萘、茚和多环芳烃及其衍生物,而苯酚和间甲酚经过HZSM-5分子筛催化裂解后,产物中主要是酚类化合物。根据模拟物催化裂解产物,推测不同类型化合物的催化裂解反应途径,说明生物质裂解油催化裂解精制反应过程主要发生脱氧和芳烃化反应,为生物质油催化裂解精制机理研究提供了理论依据。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
The utilization of condensates from flash pyrolysis is challenging due to several unwanted properties. The condensates consist of a mixture of many high value compounds, but each of them is only contained in a low concentration. As additional challenge instantaneous phase separation into an aqueous and a sludgy heavy organic phase takes place, if agricultural residues like barley straw are used as raw material for pyrolysis. A separation by means of distillation is not possible as the compounds undergo polymerization reactions when exposed to higher temperature. A different approach for separation based on boiling temperature is staged condensation of original vapors. Ablative flash pyrolysis is performed in a laboratory. The pyrolysis vapors are condensed in either two or three stages, each composed of a double-effect cooler followed by an electrostatic precipitator. The higher boiling fractions are low in water and acid and show a high heating value. This makes it applicable as sulfur-free bunker fuel and replacement of heavy fuel oil. It can also serve as fuel for gasification plants for the production of either combined heat and power or 2nd generation biofuels. Depending on condensation configuration the first fractions can also be utilized for the production of rigid polyurethane foams or phenolic resins. The last fraction obtained at the lowest cooling temperature mainly consists of water and acids. The production of pure acetic acid seems economically feasible and utilization in agricultural biogas plants is also possible. This is proved by batch fermentation experiments in the biological laboratories. 相似文献
12.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the requirements and challenges of pyrolysis oil's transportation in Finland. Pyrolysis oil is a new type of renewable liquid fuel that can be utilised in applications such as heat and electricity production. It has never been transported on a large scale in Finland. Possible options are transport by road, rail and waterway. The most significant requirements in its transportation are created by acidity and high density of pyrolysis oil, which impose requirements for the materials and transport equipment. The study described here shows that constant domestic transportation of pyrolysis oil is most reasonably operated with tank trucks. Rail-based transport may have potential for domestic fixed routes, and transport by water could be utilised in exporting. All transportation methods have limitations and advantages relative to each other. Ultimately, the production site and end-user's locations will determine the most suitable transport method. 相似文献
13.
The devolatilization of the bagasse obtained by solvent extraction of dried Euphorbia characias, a bushy plant growing in arid land of the Mediterranean area, was investigated under rapid heating conditions at atmospheric pressure using a bench-scale fluidized bed pyrolyser. Particle heating rates exceeded 104°C s−1. Bagasse was fed continuously at the rate of 6 g h−1 directly into a sand bed fluidized by nitrogen operating in the temperature range of 400°–750°C. The yields of oils, gases and chars are reported. A maximum oil yield of 44% (wt/wt) (moisture free bagasse) was obtained at 500°C. Yields of gases, CO, CO2, C1–C4 hydrocarbons increased with the rise in temperature, reaching a maximum at 750°C. Elemental analyses showed that the composition of oils and chars was dependent on pyrolysis temperature. The nitrogen content is fairly high; an upgrading process could be necessary for its remotion before the use of the bio-oil as combustible. The other characteristics of oils fall in the range of oils derived from other biomass feedstocks. Chars have a high HHV (15.36 MJ kg−1 at 500°C), representing a valuable fuel. 相似文献
14.
生物质热解液化技术经济分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
我国生物质资源十分丰富,但主要以各类农业残余废弃物为主,其特点是能量密度低、分布不集中,如果采用热解液化技术在产地将其先分散转化成生物油,然后再对生物油进行应用或再加工,则就避免了大规模收集和长距离运输生物质所带来的巨大困难。研究分析表明:热解液化设备的规模以每小时可处理2t农业残余废弃物较为适宜,且这种技术在我国具有良好的市场应用前景。 相似文献
15.
16.
Hamayoun Mahmood Suzana Yusup Mohammad Ilyas Khan Maria Jafar Khan 《Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects》2016,38(14):2065-2071
Thermo-kinetic models for biomass pyrolysis were simulated under both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions to predict the optimum parameters for bio-oil production. A comparative study for wood, sewage sludge, and newspaper print pyrolysis was conducted. The models were numerically solved by using the fourth order Runge–Kutta method in Matlab-7. It was also observed that newspaper print acquired least pyrolysis time to attain optimum bio-oil yield followed by wood and sewage sludge under the identical conditions of temperature and heating rate. Thus, at 10 K/min, the optimum pyrolysis time was 21.0, 23.8, and 42.6 min for newspaper print, wood, and sewage sludge, respectively, whereas the maximum bio-oil yield predicted was 68, 52, and 36%, respectively. 相似文献
17.