基于信道统计特性的中继选择算法

该文提出了一种在非再生协作网络中,基于信道统计特性的最优中继选择方法。首先在等功率条件下,根据信道统计特性,定义一个等效信道增益的参数,该参数反映了中继节点在协作过程中两个阶段的信道特性。然后提出一种基于该参数的降序排列的中继选择方法。该方法在不同的信噪比范围内,选择不同的节点集合,使得系统的吞吐率中断概率最小。分析表明该选择方法的分集增益阶数能达到N+1,N为中继节点数目。仿真结果表明这种中继选择算法的中断概率性能优于其他算法。该方法进一步与功率分配相结合,构成了一种低复杂度的次优的中继选择方法。仿真结果表明这种次优算法能够取得和穷举算法相似的性能。     

Fairness-oriented physical layer network coding in cooperative multiple access channels due to MRC and SIC

This paper investigates the impacts of network coding(NC) on user fairness from the network perspective in multiple access channels.Firstly,simultaneous outage is exploited as the metric to evaluate user fairness.To optimize it,a fairness-oriented physical layer NC scheme is proposed,in which users’ signals are superimposed in specific calculated proportion at relay and then decoded by maximal ratio combination(MRC) and serial interference cancellation(SIC) at destination.Furthermore,the influence of power allocation coefficient error on simultaneous outage is also analyzed to reveal its correlation with user fairness.Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme can supply approximately equal performance promotion for each cooperation-participated user and outperform those without fairness consideration in terms of the employed metric.     

A Hybrid Adaptive Relay Technique for Cooperative Communication System

Cooperative communication will increase the channel capacity, when the communicating terminals exceed more than two. Therefore, a relay is termed, as three-terminal unit is a fundamental for user cooperation. The cooperation provides throughput enhancement, reliability, and coverage improvement for wireless communication. Relay technique plays a vital role in cooperative communication in terms of increasing coverage range as well as spectral efficiency. In existing techniques Amplify Forward increase the noise and Decode Forward increase the computational cost of the receiver. In order to overcome the above limitation, a hybrid adaptive relay technique is proposed for cooperative communication system, which will initially check the channel quality of the end user received SNR. When the receiver does not able to decode the message, then the user will choose relay signal. We derived a closed form expression to find the outage probability and channel capacity for the Rayleigh fading channel. Finally, simulation results show the performance of proposed adaptive relay technique in comparison with traditional relay technique by considering both perfect and imperfect CSI.     

Power allocation schemes for wireless powered NOMA systems with imperfect CSI: An application in multiple antenna–based relay

The simultaneous wireless information and power transfer or energy harvesting (EH) can be combined in nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) as green applications towards 5G. This paper investigates a new cooperative EH‐NOMA protocol, where the intermediate relay has not equipped the fixed power source and acts as a wireless powered relay to help signal transmission to representative weak user and strong user in NOMA. However, impacts of imperfect channel estimation contribute to outage system performance evaluations. We formulate the power resource assignment paradigms as two schemes, namely, fixed power allocation and dynamic power allocation, by considering imperfect channel state information (CSI). To solve this problem, we derive the closed‐form expressions of outage probability under imperfect CSI and the power allocation constraints. The expected numerical results related to the derived expressions for the outage probability are examined that numerical and the Monte Carlo simulations are strictly matching lines.     

多天线OFDM系统中的自适应子信道分配和天线选择

针对多用户MIMO-OFDM系统,提出自适应子信道分配算法.首先将相邻的子载波分块成若干子信道,在分配子信道的时候优先考虑平均信道容量小的用户,并且将相对利用度大的子信道分配给该用户,从而在频谱利用率和公平性上具有较好的性能.为了降低发送端的硬件复杂度以及非线性因素的影响,将自适应信道分配和发送天线选择相结合,提出联合自适应子信道分配和天线选择算法.仿真结果表明,本文提出的联合算法具有较高的频谱效率和较低的中断概率.     

基于中断概率的协作通信中继选择与功率分配算法

研究了功率受限情况下多中继协作通信网络的中继选择和功率优化问题。在AF网络中,提出了一种低复杂度中继选择与功率分配算法,其目标是在总功率一定的条件下使系统的中断概率最小。本算法对源节点和所有潜在中继节点进行功率分配,结合当前信噪比选择最优的中继集合,通过最速下降法求出使系统中断概率最低的功率分配因子。该算法不需要知道大量瞬时信道信息、不需要系统在等功率条件下进行中继选择,只需求得中继节点排列矩阵便可根据当前信噪比自适应获得最优中继节点集合。仿真结果表明,在相同条件下,该算法明显优于不同中继节点集合下几种算法的中断性能,并且与传统的SAF及AAF算法相比,有效降低了中断概率,提升了系统性能和功率效率。     

基于双向中继和网络编码的NOMA网络性能分析

针对实际场景中存在的具有上下行双向传输任务的通信系统,本文提出了一种双向中继协作非正交多址接入(NOMA, non-orthogonal multiple access)传输方案,基于解码转发(DF, Decode and Forward)协议研究信号的上行和下行双向传输技术,与现有NOMA方案不同,本方案为近端用户分配较大的功率,利用网络编码(NC, network coding)原理在两个时隙内实现基站和用户之间的双向信息交换。进一步考虑不完美信道状态信息(CSI, Channel State Information)条件,分析系统的传输性能并推导了系统中断概率以及遍历和速率闭合表达式。仿真结果表明,在完美CSI和不完美CSI条件下,相比于现有文献所提方案、单向中继(OWR,One-Way Relay)和正交多址(OMA, Orthogonal Multiple Access)网络,本文所提方案有效降低了系统的传输中断概率,提高了系统的遍历和速率以及系统吞吐量。      

Dynamic subcarrier and power allocation based on cooperative game theory in symmetric cooperative OFDMA networks

In order to improve the efficiency and fairness of radio resource utilization,a scheme of dynamic cooperative subcarrier and power allocation based on Nash bargaining solution(NBS-DCSPA) is proposed in the uplink of a three-node symmetric cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA) system.In the proposed NBS-DCSPA scheme,resource allocation problem is formulated as a two-person subcarrier and power allocation bargaining game(SPABG) to maximize the system utility,under the constraints of each user’s maximal power and minimal rate,while considering the fairness between the two users.Firstly,the equivalent direct channel gain of the relay link is introduced to decide the transmission mode of each subcarrier.Then,all subcarriers can be dynamically allocated to the two users in terms of their selected transmission mode.After that,the adaptive power allocation scheme combined with dynamic subcarrier allocation is optimized according to NBS.Finally,computer simulation is conducted to show the efficiency and fairness performance of the proposed NBS-DCSPA scheme.     

Interference management schemes for multi‐user cooperative wireless networks

Cooperative communication is a promising technique for future wireless networks. It can be used in improving communication reliability and enhancing spectrum efficiency by using the broadcast nature of radio communication and exploiting cooperative diversity. However, its performance gain degrades in the presence of co‐channel interference, which makes it essential to propose interference mitigation schemes. In this paper, we introduce three cooperative communication schemes with interference management for multi‐user cooperative wireless networks. The first scheme (best relay selection) is used as a performance benchmark because it completely avoids the interference problem by using the Frequency‐Division Multiple Access technique. The second scheme (best available relay selection) maximizes the received signal‐to‐noise ratio while keeping the interference levels below a certain threshold, and the third scheme (General Order Relay and User Selection) is based on iterative resource allocation algorithm. We derive exact closed‐form expressions of average bit error probability, outage probability, and average consumed power for the proposed schemes. Simulations are used to validate the analytical results. The results confirm the advantage of the proposed cooperation schemes in enhancing the system performance and improving the interference management. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance analysis of two-way relay cooperation underlay cognitive radio networks based on WIPT

The two-way relay cooperation for underlay cognitive radio networks based on WIPT was presented,where secondary system adopted the two-way relay cooperative transmission.First,the relay adopted a power splitting protocol to harvest energy and to decode information transmitted by secondary users,then the relay forwarded information to two secondary users by using the harvested energy.Subsequently the exact expression of the outage probability,the ergodic capacity and energy efficiency of the secondary user system were derived.Finally,numerical simulation discusses the impact on the system performance with regard to secondary transmission power.The results reveal that the two-way relay cooperation effectively reduces the outage probability of data transmission.The capacity and energy efficiency of the system reaches optimal level when the power allocation coefficient is 0.5.     

Performance analysis and power allocation for decode‐and‐forward cooperative communications over Rician fading channel

This paper derives the asymptotic symbol error rate (SER) and outage probability of decode‐and‐forward (DF) cooperative communications over Rician fading channels. How to optimally allocate the total power is also addressed when the performance metric in terms of SER or outage probability is taken into consideration. Analysis reveals the insights that Rician factor has a great impact on the system performance as compared with the channel variance, and the relay–destination channel quality is of importance. In addition, the source–relay channel condition is irrelevant to the optimal power allocation design. Simulation and numerical evaluation substantiate the tightness of the asymptotic expressions in the high‐SNR regions and demonstrate the accuracy of our theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双向中继信道的模拟网络编码最优功率分配

在双向信息非对称条件下,研究了基于模拟网络编码的双向中继信道中的最优功率分配问题。分别给出了中断概率最小化、和速率最大化意义下的最优功率分配闭式数学表达式,并证明了两种约束下最优功率分配问题的统一性。分析表明:现有的基于模拟网络编码的双向中继信道中的最优功率分配方法是本文提出方法在某些条件下的特例。计算机仿真分析证明了提出的最优功率分配方法在中断概率和和速率性能方面均优于平均功率分配方法。      

多中继AF协作系统功率分配研究

功率分配是协作通信中一个重要的研究方向,文章分析了放大转发（AF）协作方式下,基于正交信道的多协作中继系统模型,在此基础上推导了系统中断概率。并以最小化系统中断概率为目标,给出系统功率分配约束表达式,进一步分析了功率分配与中继节点位置的关系,计算求得单中继和两中继情况系统最优功率分配系数。系统仿真表明最优功率分配相对常规的等功率分配,系统性能明显提升。     

机会协同通信系统的中继公平性研究

为提高机会协同通信系统的中继选择公平性,提出了以不影响系统中断性能为目标的协同方案。在建立了协同通信系统模型的基础上,提出机会协同方案,并引入比例公平算法对机会协同方案进行改进;分别对2种方案下的中继选择概率与系统中断概率进行了分析,根据定义的公平因子表征中继公平性与理想公平上限。仿真结果表明,提出的基于比例公平的机会协同方案,显著改善了中继选择的公平性,在大信噪比条件下趋近理想公平上限,同时保持了系统中断性能。     

Proportional fair scheduling with superposition coding in a cellular cooperative relay system

Many works have tackled on the problem of throughput and fairness optimization in cellular cooperative relaying systems. Considering firstly a two-user relay broadcast channel, we design a scheme based on superposition coding (SC) which maximizes the achievable sum-rate under a proportional fairness constraint. Unlike most relaying schemes where users are allocated orthogonally, our scheme serves the two users simultaneously on the same time-frequency resource unit by superposing their messages into three SC layers. The optimal power allocation parameters of each SC layer are derived by analysis. Next, we consider the general multi-user case in a cellular relay system, for which we design resource allocation algorithms based on proportional fair scheduling exploiting the proposed SC-based scheme. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms allowing simultaneous user allocation outperform conventional schedulers based on orthogonal user allocation, both in terms of throughput and proportional fairness. These results indicate promising new directions for the design of future radio resource allocation and scheduling algorithms.     

基于过时信道状态信息的机会协作性能研究

机会中继是协作通信系统中提高频谱效率和节省功率消耗的常用方法.在通信过程中,信道估计时刻和实际中继传输信息时刻存在一定的延时,其产生的过时信道状态信息（Outdated CSI）会严重地影响协作通信系统的性能.分别从考虑直传链路和不考虑直传链路两方面,分析了过时信道状态信息对机会协作分集系统中断概率的影响.仿真结果表明,系统性能随着相关系数ρ的减小而变差,并且随着中继节点数目的增加而提高.     

An opportunistic relaying‐based incremental hybrid DAF cooperative system

In this paper, an opportunistic relaying‐based incremental hybrid decode‐amplify‐forward (OR‐IHDAF) scheme that combines robust protocol switch with efficient relay selection is proposed in multi‐relay scenario to cope with the complex and variable channel environments. The proposed OR‐IHDAF scheme can improve the system performance significantly compared with the incremental hybrid decode‐amplify‐forward protocol with the increase of the possible candidate relay nodes and opportunistic relay selection. The analytical expression of the system outage probability of the OR‐IHDAF scheme is presented based on the probability density function and cumulative distribution function, which might be useful to avoid lengthy simulations. Numerical results show the correctness of our theoretical analysis and the performance improvement of the OR‐IHDAF scheme compared with the other current hybrid cooperative protocols and OR‐based cooperative schemes. The effects of the power allocation schemes on the outage probability are also provided. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On outage minimization in RF energy harvesting relay assisted bidirectional communication

This paper explores an end-to-end outage probability experienced in a bidirectional relay assisted communication where the relay is assumed to be equipped with an RF energy harvesting circuit. First, the closed-form expression for the outage of the system is derived. This is followed by the formulation of an unconstrained optimization problem to achieve minimum outage probability with respect to the relay placement and consequent time allocation for energy harvesting. The system model is further extended in an underlay cognitive radio framework to study the impact of a primary user outage constraint on the end-to-end outage performance of the two-way communications. The accuracy of analytical results is validated through simulation results. The impact of various system parameters like relay position, time allocation factor, target rate of transmission on the outage probability is also observed. In addition, it is also shown that spectral efficiency of the communication system using hybrid power-time switching relaying protocol is much superior to similar one-way and two-way relay assisted communication system with power splitting relaying protocol.

     

Effects of Hardware Impairment on the Cooperative NOMA EH Relaying Network Over Nakagami-m Fading Channels

In this paper, we analyze the performance of Non Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) Energy harvesting relaying system in presence of hardware impairments at both the transmitter and receiver over a Nakagami-m fading channel. The proposed system with destinations are allocated different power levels in which the source node communicates with the destinations via an energy harvesting (EH) relay employing a power-splitting relaying architecture and a direct link to the near destination. Moreover, the amplify-and-forward protocol at the EH relay is investigated to evaluate the performance of system. Additionally, the expressions for outage probability are derived, and these analyses are verified by a Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, these results are also compared to an orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system. Finally, the effects of various parameters, such as power allocation levels, position of EH relay node, channel coefficients, and hardware impairment levels on the outage performance and throughput of proposed NOMA-EH system and OMA system are investigated. These results demonstrate the advantage of NOMA-EH system as user fairness since multiple destinations compared to the OMA-EH system.

     

Power Allocation with Max–Min and Min–Max Fairness for Cognitive Radio Networks with Imperfect CSI

This paper consider the power allocation strategies in the cognitive radio (CR) system in the presence of channel estimation errors. As the user has different channel condition in CR systems, different amount of power resource is required to meets the QoS request. In order to guarantee the fairness of each CR user, ensure the interference from the primary user and other CR users meet the QoS requirement of the CR user and limit the interference that is caused by CR users on primary user within the range into the level that primary user can tolerate, we proposed some new power allocation schemes. The targets are to minimize the maximum power allocated to CR users, to maximize the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) among all CR users and to minimize the maximum outage probability over all CR users. The first power allocation scheme can be formulated using Geometric Programming (GP). Since GP problem is equivalent to the convex optimization problem, we can obtain the optimal solutions for the first scheme. The latter two power allocation schemes are not GP problems. We propose iterative algorithms to solve them. Simulation results show that proposed schemes can efficiently guarantee the fairness of CR users under the QoS constraint of the primary user and CR users.