Performance of CFST column to steel beam joints subjected to simulated fire including the cooling phase

This paper presents the experimental results of three concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column to steel beam joints with reinforced concrete (RC) slabs under combined loading and fire including the heating and cooling phases. The test parameters include heating time and thickness of the fire protection material. Temperatures and deformations of the joint specimens during the heating, cooling and post-fire phases were measured. A finite element analysis (FEA) model to simulate the action of a CFST column to steel beam joint under combined loading and fire is developed. The FEM model was verified by the experimental results. The FEA model is then used to analyse the temperature distribution in the heating and cooling phases. The moment versus relative rotation angle between the CFST column and the beam under combined loading and fire including the heating and cooling phases is also discussed.     

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点在具有冷却过程的模拟火灾中的性能分析

对3个带有钢筋混凝土楼板的钢管混凝土柱与钢梁的节点进行了试验,这些节点承受组合荷载、同时具有加热和冷却的火荷载的共同作用。试验参数包括加热时间和防火材料厚度。测量了节点在加热、冷却和灾后的温度和变形。采用有限元模型模拟了节点在组合荷载和火灾下的反应。通过试验结果证实了有限元模型的有效性。随后采用有限元模型分析加热和冷却过程各自引起的节点温度变化。另外,给出此类节点在组合荷载和加热冷却火荷载作用下的弯矩-转角关系。     

Seismic performance of CFST column to steel beam joint with RC slab: Joint model

Based on the previous experimental and numerical investigations presented in Han and Li (2010)and Li and Han (2011), this paper studies the joint model for the composite joint consisted of circular concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column and steel beam with external diaphragm. The elastic shear stiffness and the shear deformation of the joint panel zone are investigated by parametric study using the finite element analysis (FEA) model. A hysteretic model incorporating the shear stiffness, shear strength, shear deformation and the hysteretic rules is proposed for the panel zone of the composite joint. This hysteretic model is then integrated in a fiber-based joint macro element. The joint macro element is validated by both FEA and experimental results. The overall and the local behavior of CFST joints and frame with macro elements are investigated. The proposed model is featured with a favorable accuracy and amenable modeling method, and could be applied to simulate the seismic behavior of large-scale and complex composite structural systems.     

Seismic performance of CFST column to steel beam joints with RC slab: Analysis

This paper presents a finite element analysis (FEA) model for the concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column to steel beam joint with a reinforced concrete (RC) slab under cyclic loading. The feasibility of the FEA model is verified by a set of experimental results presented in the companion paper as well as available test data from other researchers. Stress analysis is conducted by using this FEA model to investigate the failure mode and mechanism of the composite joint. Parametric studies are then carried out to study the influence of the following parameters for the composite joint: material strength, the thickness of RC slab, the slenderness ratio and steel ratio of the column, the dimension of the diaphragm and the axial load level of the CFST column.     

Seismic performance of CFST column to steel beam joint with RC slab: Experiments

The objective of this research is to investigate the seismic behaviour of the composite joint consisting of circular concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column and steel beam with reinforced concrete (RC) slab. Six specimens, including four interior and two exterior joints, were tested under constant axially compressive load on the top of the columns and cyclic loads at the ends of the beams. The main experimental parameters were the type of the joint, the axial load level on the CFST column and the section configuration of the beam. Several indexes that could reflect the seismic behaviour of the composite joint, such as the ductility, the strength degradation, and the energy dissipation capacity were analyzed. It was found that the composite joints exhibited favorable seismic performance.     

钢管混凝土柱、钢筋混凝土板、钢梁连接节点的抗震性能:节点模型

基于已有试验和数值计算结果,研究了钢管混凝土柱(CFST)和钢梁的复合节点模型。采用参数研究法利用有限元分析方法(FEA)分析了节点连接处的弹性剪切刚度和剪切变形,给出了复合节点连接处包含弹性剪切刚度、剪切强度、剪切变形和滞后准则的迟滞模型。该迟滞模型用于整合基于纤维的节点宏单元,节点宏单元通过有限元方法和试验结果得到证实。研究了CFST节点和宏单元框架的整体和局部性能。该模型计算精确,建模方法适当,能够用于大尺寸和复杂组合结构的抗震性能分析。     

火灾后椭圆钢管混凝土界面黏结性能研究

近年来,椭圆钢管混凝土结构日益受到建筑师与结构工程人员的青睐,与传统的圆形和方形钢管混凝土柱相比,椭圆钢管混凝土柱具有流线型外观和较高的抗扭刚度,在高层和大跨等建筑结构中具有较广泛的应用前景。研究者已对圆形和方形钢管混凝土的火灾后界面黏结性能展开试验与理论研究,但尚缺少对椭圆钢管混凝土火灾后界面黏结性能的相关研究。文章采用弹簧单元模拟钢管-混凝土界面的滑移,建立可分析椭圆钢管混凝土火灾后界面性能的有限元模型,并与具有相同界面接触面积的圆形和方形钢管混凝土进行比较,深入分析椭圆、圆形和方形钢管混凝土的温度分布、火灾后界面黏结应力-滑移关系和火灾后黏结强度。最后,在建立的有限元模型基础上,对影响椭圆钢管混凝土火灾后黏结强度的重要参数进行分析,研究参数包括:目标温度(20℃、600℃和800℃)、恒高温时间(30min、90min、120min和180min)、混凝土强度(30MPa、40MPa、50MPa和60MPa)、截面周长(388mm、484mm、630mm和727mm)和纵横比(1.25、1.50、2.00和2.25),研究发现:混凝土强度和截面周长对椭圆钢管混凝土的火灾后界面黏结...     

Effects of heating and loading histories on post-fire cooling behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular columns

A finite element method (FEM) program is developed and used in this paper to analyse the behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns during the entire stage of fire exposure, including: loading at ambient temperature, heating, cooling to the ambient temperature and post-fire loading to failure. The emphasis of this paper is on CFST column behaviours during the cooling and post-fire stages because these behaviours are affected by the loading and heating histories, but they have not previously been studied. This paper will present the mechanical property models for these different loading and heating stages. To validate the FEM program, some experimental data, including fire resistance, axial deformation and ultimate strength of CFST columns are compared and it is found that the FEM program can predict the test results with good accuracy. Using the FEM program, a parametric study is then conducted to investigate the influences of ambient temperature loading and heating history on the cooling and post-fire behaviours of CFST columns. It is concluded that various parameters (such as load ratio and elevating temperature time ratio etc.) affect the residual strength of CFST columns severely. Finally, this paper proposes a set of formulas which can be used to predict the residual strength of CFST columns after going through the whole fire exposure process.     

法兰连接钢管混凝土柱-钢梁外加强环节点受力性能研究

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁混合结构是工程常用的结构形式.为了有效减小钢管混凝土结构在施工现场的焊接工作量,提高钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的安装效率,提出了一种基于法兰连接和外加强环的钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接装配方法,其特点是采用高强螺栓、刚性法兰盘、外加强环板在同一位置实现了钢管混凝土柱-柱连接、钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接.对采用该方法...     

方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁框架耐火性能分析

研究方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁框架结构的耐火性能。基于有限元方法,分析了GB/T 9978（同ISO-834）加热条件下,带有混凝土楼板的方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁单向螺栓连接框架结构的温度分布、耐火时间和破坏模式,并对有限元模拟结果进行了试验验证,在试验结果基础上采用有限元方法分析了方钢管混凝土柱构件与方钢管混凝土框架柱的耐火极限差异。研究结果表明：与方钢管混凝土框架柱的其他区域相比,方钢管混凝土框架柱节点区的温度相对较低;根据本文建议的框架结构判定准则,当单向螺栓节点连接可靠,随着作用在柱和梁上荷载水平的变化,柱破坏模式和梁破坏模式是方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁框架的主要破坏模式;当框架梁上不施加荷载,只对框架柱起到约束作用,其他条件相同时,方钢管混凝土框架柱的耐火极限大于两端铰接柱构件的耐火极限,但小于一端固接一端铰接支撑柱构件的耐火极限。     

Concrete filled steel tube stub columns under combined temperature and loading

A finite element analysis (FEA) model was developed to predict the load versus deformation relationships of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) stub columns subjected to a combination of temperature and axial compression. This model was used to simulate a set of CFST stub column experiments under various thermal and mechanical loading conditions, including tests at high temperature, tests on the residual strength of specimens subjected to uniform heating, and tests on specimens exposed to the ISO-834 standard fire without initial loads. Comparisons between the predicted results and the test results show that this model can predict the load versus deformation relationships with reasonable accuracy. The FEA model was then used to investigate the behaviour of CFST stub columns in a complete loading history including initial loading, heating and cooling by examing the cross-sectional stress distribution and confinement stress development at different loading phases. All specimens were loaded to ultimate strength after cooling and the residual stress index was studied with respect to a group of parameters. It can be found that the ultimate strength when considering the mutual actions of temperature and loading was slightly lower than that after exposure to fire without initial load, but the peak strain corresponding to the ultimate strength was increased significantly.     

钢管混凝土柱与钢梁组合节点的抗震试验

研究了由带钢筋混凝土板的钢管混凝土柱与钢梁组成的组合节点的抗震性能。进行了4个内部节点和2个外部节点的试验,柱顶承受恒定轴力,梁端承受循环荷载。主要参数有:节点形式,柱顶轴力大小及梁截面构造形式。对能反映组合节点韧性、强度退化、耗能能力等抗震性能的几个指标进行分析,结果证明组合节点的抗震性能非常好。     

新型钢管混凝土柱环板节点的非线性有限元分析研究

钢管混凝土柱与梁的节点构造和受力分析是钢管混凝土柱结构推广应用的关键技术所在。提出一种新型钢管混凝土柱环板节点,并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对该新型钢管混凝土柱环板节点进行空间非线性有限元分析,分析垂直对称荷载作用下该新型构造节点内的应力分布情况和内力传递机理,并与穿心节点和不穿心的环梁节点进行比较分析。分析结果表明,该新型钢管混凝土柱环板节点能有效地传递梁端内力,且构造简单,施工方便,可为钢管混凝土柱节点的设计提供参考和选择。     

十字形钢管混凝土柱框架中节点抗震性能试验研究

以十字形截面钢管混凝土异形柱-钢梁框架中柱节点为研究对象,按1∶2比例设计了4个弱节点和强节点模型,通过施加恒定轴压比的竖向荷载和低周反复水平荷载,对节点模型进行了加载破坏试验。试验结果表明:弱节点试件破坏形态为节点核心区剪切破坏,随轴压比增大,试件受剪承载力提高,但其延性性能降低;强节点试件破坏形态为梁端受弯破坏,破坏前经历了较大的塑性变形,延性系数达到了5.65。由此可见,合理地设计钢管混凝土异形柱-钢梁框架中节点,可保证其延性破坏,实现"强柱弱梁,节点更强"的设计原则,满足抗震性能要求。     

方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点承载力试验研究

基于隔板贯通节点在地震作用下的破坏调查结果,提出了一种改善钢梁翼缘与隔板连接处受力性能的新型节点--倒角放坡型隔板贯通节点。对7个十字形节点试件进行了静力拉伸试验,研究了隔板贯通式连接中方钢管混凝土柱与钢梁受拉翼缘的连接性能,分析了钢梁翼缘与隔板连接构造以及浇注孔直径、隔板厚度、钢管的宽厚比等参数对节点局部受拉承载力的影响,并将试验得到的承载力与规程公式计算结果进行了比较。研究结果表明:倒角放坡型隔板贯通节点具有较好的承载力和延性;影响节点承载力的主要因素是隔板的厚度、浇注孔径和钢管的宽厚比,在钢管中填充混凝土有利于提高节点的屈服承载力和刚度;对于填充混凝土的试件,采用公式计算节点承载力偏于保守。     

Hysteretic behaviour of flush end plate joints to concrete-filled steel tubular columns

The results of an experimental research study involving the testing of four bolted moment-resisting connections under simulated seismic loading conditions are presented. Each test specimen modeled the interior joint of a moment-resisting frame consisting of H-shaped steel beams and circular or square concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns using high-strength blind bolts. In order to investigate the seismic behaviour of the blind bolted flush end plate joints to CFST columns, the hysteretic performance, failure modes, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation of the connection type are evaluated in detail. The test parameters varied included the column section type and the thickness of the end plate. The experimental results indicate that both the blind bolted connections with circular and square sections exhibited excellent hysteretic behaviour in terms of their moment–rotation response, strain distributions and energy dissipation. Under cyclic loading, all tested specimens displayed large rotation ductility capacities, and the failure modes were similar to those under monotonic loads. The effects of cyclic loading on the behaviour of the composite joint were obvious, especially on load bearing and stiffness of the connections. The joint type exhibited excellent seismic performance, so that it can be effectively utilized in moment-resisting composite frame structures.     

钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱抗震性能试验及其数值模拟

为研究钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱的抗震性能，完成了7根钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱和4根钢管混凝土叠合柱的低周往复加载试验。试验结果表明：钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱在低周往复荷载下均具有较好的延性，滞回曲线饱满，未出现明显的“捏缩”效应，表明ECC材料与核心钢管混凝土具有较好的协同变形能力和组合作用。相比之下，钢管混凝土叠合柱试件在低周往复荷载下出现明显的外层混凝土剥离现象，滞回曲线捏拢现象较为明显。通过累积耗能对比分析可知，钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱的累积耗能约为钢管混凝土叠合柱的2倍，表明钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱具有更好的抗震性能，适用于抗震设防烈度较高地区。此外，基于有限元软件ABAQUS对钢筋增强ECC-钢管混凝土组合柱的滞回性能进行了模拟，将有限元分析结果与试验结果对比发现，二者吻合较好，表明采用该有限元模型可以较为准确地研究该类组合柱的抗震性能。最后，基于有限元模型探讨了不同参数对组合柱受力性能的影响。     

往复荷载作用下钢管混凝土叠合柱-钢梁连接节点力学性能研究

建立了钢管混凝土叠合柱-钢梁连接节点在往复荷载作用下力学性能分析的有限元计算模型。利用平面与空间连接节点试验结果,对建立的数值模型进行验证。采用有限元模型分析不同空间双向加载方式对钢管混凝土叠合柱-钢梁空间连接节点力学性能的影响规律,研究该类组合节点在往复荷载作用下荷载(P)-位移(Δ)关系全过程受力机理与核心区剪力分配机制,并从承载力及刚度等方面对比平面与空间连接节点的性能。研究结果表明,不同加载方式对节点的承载力有明显影响。相比平面节点,钢管混凝土叠合柱-钢梁空间连接节点在双向往复荷载作用下正、负向承载力分别降低约14%和18%。     

高温后型钢混凝土框架结构抗震性能及其有限元分析

考虑受火时间、柱轴压比的影响,进行了考虑火灾升降温作用影响的高温后型钢混凝土框架结构抗震性能试验,升降温过程中和高温后阶段均保持柱顶竖向荷载的恒定。通过试验对高温后型钢混凝土框架结构在反复荷载作用下的破坏形态及滞回性能进行了研究。在此基础上,考虑升温阶段、降温阶段以及火灾后三阶段材料本构关系的转化以及型钢与混凝土之间、钢筋与混凝土之间界面的黏结滑移特性,建立了型钢混凝土框架结构温度场以及火灾后抗震性能的有限元分析模型,所得温度场以及试件的破坏形态、滞回曲线的分析结果与试验结果基本吻合,验证了所提出模型的合理性。