国产对位芳纶STARAMID在汽车胶管中的应用研究

试验研究了国产对位芳纶STARAMID含水质量分数、纤维强力、表面处理剂类型、表面处理剂质量分数等对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)生产工艺和剥离强度的影响。结果表明,纤维含水质量分数7%,纤维强力(1 100 dtex)≥200 N,(1 870dtex)≥300 N,油剂选用初沸点高于200℃的硬脂酸类油剂,油剂质量分数为1%~2%,可满足胶管生产工艺要求,又满足胶管剥离强度2.5 k N/m的要求。     

探讨尼龙织物和橡胶冷粘时尼龙的表面处理及工艺

本文采用氯丁粘合剂粘合尼龙纤维织物和半透明橡胶,探讨了尼龙织物和橡胶冷粘时,尼龙表面的处理及工艺,例如不同处理剂、干燥温度、干燥工艺、干燥时间对粘合强度的影响。     

提高鞋用聚氨酯胶粘剂剥离强度的几种途径

论述了提高聚氨酯胶粘剂剥离强度盼几种途径。包括选择具有结晶度高、结晶速度快的原材料合成聚氨酯胶粘剂,通过改性或添加增粘树盾提高聚氨酯胶粘剂的结晶度和结晶速度。选择合适溶剂、表面处理剂和配合异氰酸酯固化剂使用等,来提高聚氨酯胶粘剂对材质的剥离强度。     

偶联剂对改性聚硫密封剂粘接性能的影响

以改性液体聚硫橡胶为基胶,研究了硅烷偶联剂WD-50及螯合型钛酸酯偶联剂作为填料表面处理剂、直接加入密封剂体系、配制成粘接底胶及以上3种方式兼用对改性聚硫密封剂粘接性能的影响。结果表明,作为填料表面处理剂及直接添加到密封剂中都可以提高密封剂的剥离强度及内聚破坏率;配制成粘接底胶可以提高密封剂的内聚破坏率;采用WD-50作为轻质碳酸钙表面处理剂、同时在密封剂中加入一定量WD-50,并以WD-50和螯合型钛酸酯复合作为底胶可以使改性聚硫密封剂获得更理想的粘接性能。     

固化工艺参数对胶粘剂180°剥离强度的影响

以自制胶粘剂为基础,研究了剥离强度测试用样条的制备工艺对180°剥离强度的影响。结果表明:样条制备时的温度、压力、时间、胶层厚度和被粘材料表面粗糙度等因素对剥离强度影响较大,并且有一定的规律性,说明对每种胶粘剂的剥离强度测试,除统一测试标准外,还需研究测试用样条的适宜制备工艺,以降低剥离强度的测试误差。     

基片等离子处理对PTFE微波基板性能的影响

采用等离子处理对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)基片进行表面处理,研究气体流量、放电功率、处理时间的变化对PTFE基片微观形貌和接触角的影响,进而研究对PTFE微波基板介质损耗、吸水率、剥离强度等综合性能的影响。实验结果表明,等离子体处理可以有效增加基片表面粗糙度,降低PTFE基片的接触角,提高其表面能,使覆铜箔层压板的铜箔与介质层之间结合强度提升,制备的PTFE微波基板的剥离强度可接近未处理之前剥离强度的3倍。     

影响压敏胶粘带180°剥离强度因素的研究

本文探讨了试验板表面的粗糙度、温湿度、基材、试验板的放置时间及胶层厚度对压敏胶粘带 1 80°剥离强度的影响。实验结果表明 ,与溶剂型丙烯酸酯压敏胶相比 ,乳液型丙烯酸酯压敏胶对试验板的表面粗糙度更为敏感 ;试验板粘贴胶带后的放置时间对橡胶型胶带影响较大 ,而对丙烯酸酯型压敏胶的影响小 ;温湿度对 1 80°剥离强度也有很大影响 ;基材厚度相同时 ,胶在PET膜上的剥离强度比在OPP膜上的剥离强度大 ;随着PET厚度从 1 2 μm增大到 3 8μm ,剥离强度从 2 73N/cm上升至 4 2 9N/cm ;在OPP膜上 ,胶层从 1 0 μm增至 4 0 μm时 ,1 80°剥离强度从 2 2 3N/cm上升至 3 81N/cm     

玻璃布,芳纶织物与氟橡胶的粘接研究

采用处理剂分别处理玻璃布和芳纶织物表面,比较2者与氟橡胶的粘接性能,发现玻璃布经硅烷偶联剂处理后,强度和伸长率明显下降,脆性增大,与氟橡胶粘合性较差,芳纶表面经不同偶联剂处理后,与氟橡胶的粘合性能变化不大,但经JQ－1处理后剥离强度增大约20％。     

粗化和固化电流密度对压延铜箔剥离强度的影响

在表面处理生产线上,先采用20 g/L Cu~(2+)+200 g/L硫酸溶液对压延铜箔粗化两次,再采用60 g/L Cu~(2+)+120 g/L硫酸溶液固化两次。研究了粗化和固化电流密度对压延铜箔剥离强度和表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,粗化、固化电流密度分别为55 A/dm~2和45 A/dm~2时,铜箔的表面粗糙度为1.35μm,剥离强度为1.14 N/mm。     

三氯异氰脲酸氯化改性天然橡胶硫化胶的研究

制备三氯异氰脲酸（TCCA）水性氯化溶液,用其对天然橡胶（NR）硫化胶进行表面氯化改性,研究氯化时间对表面改性效果的影响。结果表明：随着氯化时间的延长,NR硫化胶中的石蜡向表面的迁移量越小,NR硫化胶表面的Cl和N原子占比和NR硫化胶的剥离强度均先增大后减小,NR硫化胶表面的微裂纹增多及裂纹边缘更不平整;当氯化时间为6min时,NR硫化胶表面的Cl和N原子占比和NR硫化胶的剥离强度达到最大值。     

Characterization of the interfacial bond in paper-polypropylene-paper laminates

The interfacial strength of two paper-polypropylene-paper laminates used for electrical power transmission cable insulation has been measured using a peel test after a variety of conditionings that simulate the service thermal stress conditions. Immersion in dielectric oil at 23°C causes little decrease in peel strength, but heating in the oil at 90°C causes a rapid initial loss followed by a slow loss of strength. Cyclic and static heating show that cyclic fatigue is not a factor as the initial loss of strength occurs in a time comparable to the first two test cycles and further heating causes much less loss of strength. Tensile and compressive stresses resulting from cable winding have no effect on the loss of bond strength during heating in oil. Vacuum drying of the laminate and oil (as in cable manufacture) before heating results in less decrease in peel strength than heating without prior drying. Optical and electron microscopy show minimal wetting of the paper fibrils by the polypropylene with only a few having been either normal to or at a steep angle to the polypropylene surface. That is, the fibrils appear to be parallel to the interface and only partially immersed in the polypropylene. Micrographs show little, if any, differences between the interfaces on the two sides as well as little paper on the polypropylene after delamination and vice versa. It is suggested that the bonding mechanism is a combination of weak mechanical interlocking and secondary bonds. It is also suggested that swelling of the polypropylene relative to the paper by the dielectric oil at 90°C weakens the interfacial bond.     

Adhesion Between Plasma-Treated Polypropylene Films and Thin Aluminum Films

Polypropylene (PP) film was treated with radio-frequency-induced oxygen plasma, followed by the vacuum deposition of aluminum (Al) thin film, and the peel strength of the Al deposited PP film (Al/PP) was examined. The peel strength of plasma-treated PP film varied widely in the range of 6.7 to 157 N/m depending upon the plasma treatment conditions, whereas that of the untreated PP was 5.2 N/m. The peel strength was minimized at oxygen pressure near 13.3 Pa (0.1 Torr), and decreased with increasing discharge power. The peel strength rapidly increased at the initial stage of plasma treatment (∼ several seconds), decreased at the second stage, and slightly increased again at the third stage. A good agreement was found between the peel strength of Al/PP and the amounts of oxygen introduced onto the PP surface at the initial stage. A short-time treatment was very effective to improve the adhesion of Al/PP. At the end of the second stage, a large amount of carbon was detected by XPS on the Al layer of the peeled interface of Al/PP, which gave a minimum peel strength. Cohesive failure of PP film might have occurred. SEM photograph showed that PP surface was etched by oxygen plasma at the thrid stage. These peel behaviors of Al/PP were explained by the chemical and physical changes of the PP surface caused by oxygen plasma treatment: (1) introduction of O-functional groups onto the PP surface at the initial stage, (2) formation of weak booundary layers resulting from the partial scission of PP molecules at the second stage, and (3) plasma etching of the PP surface at the third stage.     

Effects of Surface Modifications on the Peel Strength of Copper Based Polymer/Metal Interfaces with Characteristic Morphologies

This paper summarizes a study on the effect of changes in surface chemistry on the peel strength of copper/polymer interfaces. Two different surface topographics were created and evaluated, one produced by cleaning and etching in sodium persulfate, the other by etching then mechanically roughening using 180 grit sandpaper. Both surfaces were then oxidized in an alkaline/oxidizing treatment to form cupric oxide. Ion implantation and benzotriazole priming modified the surface chemistry of the cupric oxide samples. After lamination to form an epoxy/copper interface, peel strength measurements were taken. The results showed that ion implantation degraded the peel strength while priming with benzotriazole improved the peel strength compared with the unmodified cupric oxide. In a separate comparison study, peel strength measurements were taken on interfaces formed from copper oxides with the same oxide structure but with widely different gross morphologies, “As laminated” adhesive strength was virtually the same. The bonded interfaces were aged at elevated temperature and the peel strength obeyed first order degradation kinetics. Two terms can be determined from the degradation studies, the first is the long term peel strength, A(∞), and the other is Ω, the degradation rate with units of time^-1. A value of A(∞) was 3.0 lbs/in for etched copper interfaces while A(∞) was 0.5 lbs/in for the sanded interfaces.     

Surface modification of polyethylene by radiation-induced grafting for adhesive bonding. I. Relationship between adhesive bond strength and surface composition

A number of vinyl monomers have been surface grafted onto a polyethylene sheet by the mutual irradiation in monomer vapor and by a trapped-radical technique. The surface composition of the grafted sheets has been determined by means of ATR infrared spectrophotometry and compared with the peel strength of the joints bonded with conventional structural adhesives. In the methyl acrylate grafts followed by a saponification treatment, only the surfaces having graft compositions of more than 80 mole-% methyl acrylate give a high peel strength. A similar relationship between peel strength and surface composition is found in the surface grafts of vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, and methylolacrylamide. It is concluded that the formation of a surface with such a high monomer content is a necessary condition for the strong adhesive bonding of grafted polyethylenes at bonding temperatures below the softening point. Moreover, the adhesive bondability of the highly modified surfaces with epoxy adhesives is significantly enhanced by the introduction of carboxy and carbamyl radicals.     

界面增强型PVDF/PET膜的制备及性能

通过对支撑材料进行表面改性处理和浸入凝胶法制备了界面增强型聚偏氟乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PVDF/PET）超滤膜。用电导率在线测量法确定了硅烷偶联剂 3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（KH550）水解液的制备条件,考察了改性处理条件对PVDF/PET膜的界面性能和力学性能的影响。通过180°剥离试验测试PVDF膜与支撑层间的剥离强度,用扫描电镜观察PET无纺布及PVDF膜破坏底面的微观形貌,用傅里叶红外光谱仪表征PET表面化学组成。结果表明,水解液中KH550用量较少时（≤3%）,处理时间延长,PVDF/PET间的剥离强度增大,水解液中KH550用量较多时（>3%）,处理时间延长,PVDF/PET间的剥离强度先增大后减小;PVDF/PET膜的拉伸强度随水解液中KH550用量的增加或处理时间的延长先增大后略减小。改性前后PVDF/PET膜的分离与透过性能对比表明,PET表面改性后,PVDF膜的牛血清白蛋白（BSA）截留率几乎不受影响,水通量略增。     

The effect of fluorination on the surface characteristics and adhesive properties of polyethylene and polypropylene

Polyethylene and polypropylene have been treated with fluorine/nitrogen or fluorine/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures at atmospheric pressure. Changes in surface chemistry and topography as well as depth of fluorination have been examined using Fourier transform infra-red analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (X.p.s.), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ellipsometry. Even very short exposure times caused a large substitution of the hydrogen atoms by fluorine. No change in surface topography was noticed at magnifications of up to 5000 times with the scanning electron microscope (SEM), but AFM showed that fluorination led to an increase of microroughness. The influence of fluorine or fluorine/oxygen concentration, as well as time of treatment and time of storage before adhesive bonding, on adhesion of polypropylene to steel was investigated with a bending peel test. Significant improvement in peel strength was already achieved with minor fluorination intensity. Increase of fluorination intensity did not lead to further improvement in peel strength. Analysis of the fracture surfaces was carried out with the SEM and by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X.p.s. The findings showed that the samples failed cohesively in the polymer or directly beneath the fluorinated layer. A model to describe the formation of specific interactions between substrate and adhesive is suggested.     

Improved peel strength in vulcanized sbr rubber roughened before chlorination with trichloroisocyanuric acid

The effectiveness of chlorination as surface treatment to improve the adhesion of synthetic vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) depends on several experimental variables. Solutions of trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCI) in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) have been used as effective chlorination agents for several rubbers. In this study, the influence of roughening prior to chlorination treatment of a SBR rubber (R2) and the durability of the modifications produced as the time after chlorination increased have been considered. Two concentrations of the chlorination agent (0.5 and 2 wt% TCI/MEK) have been used and the chlorination treatment was applied on the R2 rubber surface using a brush. Characterization of the treated surfaces was carried out using contact angle measurements, ATR-IR spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). T-peel tests of treated R2 rubber/polyurethane adhesive joints have been carried out to determine the adhesion properties. Roughening was an effective treatment to remove paraffin waxes (antiadherent moieties) from the R2 rubber surface. When the chlorination is produced on the roughened R2 rubber, more noticeable chemical and morphological modifications were produced, and higher adhesion was obtained. On the other hand, TCI particles appeared on the roughened and unroughened chlorinated R2 rubber surface, and the size of these TCI particles were decreased by increasing the time after treatment. Furthermore, similar peel strength values were obtained for time after halogenation higher than 2 hours; for shorter time, a decrease in peel strength was found by increasing the time, due to the migration of paraffin wax to the rubber surface.     

IMPROVED PEEL STRENGTH IN VULCANIZED SBR RUBBER ROUGHENED BEFORE CHLORINATION WITH TRICHLOROISOCYANURIC ACID

The effectiveness of chlorination as surface treatment to improve the adhesion of synthetic vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) depends on several experimental variables. Solutions of trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCI) in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) have been used as effective chlorination agents for several rubbers. In this study, the influence of roughening prior to chlorination treatment of a SBR rubber (R2) and the durability of the modifications produced as the time after chlorination increased have been considered. Two concentrations of the chlorination agent (0.5 and 2 wt% TCI/MEK) have been used and the chlorination treatment was applied on the R2 rubber surface using a brush. Characterization of the treated surfaces was carried out using contact angle measurements, ATR-IR spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). T-peel tests of treated R2 rubber/polyurethane adhesive joints have been carried out to determine the adhesion properties. Roughening was an effective treatment to remove paraffin waxes (antiadherent moieties) from the R2 rubber surface. When the chlorination is produced on the roughened R2 rubber, more noticeable chemical and morphological modifications were produced, and higher adhesion was obtained. On the other hand, TCI particles appeared on the roughened and unroughened chlorinated R2 rubber surface, and the size of these TCI particles were decreased by increasing the time after treatment. Furthermore, similar peel strength values were obtained for time after halogenation higher than 2 hours; for shorter time, a decrease in peel strength was found by increasing the time, due to the migration of paraffin wax to the rubber surface.     

聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫夹芯复合材料的滚筒剥离性能研究

系统研究了泡沫密度、泡孔孔径、成型方式、芯材或蒙皮表面的糙化处理对聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫夹芯复合材料剥离强度性能的影响。研究结果表明,泡沫密度、泡孔孔径、成型方式和表面糙化对PMI夹芯复合材料的剥离强度提高均有明显作用,其中以泡沫密度和泡孔孔径影响最为显著,分别提高了157%和95%。本研究内容对如何提高PMI泡沫夹芯复合材料的剥离强度具有很好的工艺指导作用。     

Dwell Time Effect in Peeling PSA Laminates

Air, trapped interfacially between the adhesive and the substrate, can have a detrimental effect on the peel strength of bonds formed by a PSA and relatively impermeable adherends. If the adhesive wets the substrate surface so that the contact angle is small then the forces of the surface tension within the adhesive can lead to the gradual expulsion of these pockets of air and thereby to the enhancement of the peel strength–the dwell-time effect. Using a high-performance PSA transfer tape it has been found that this strengthening effect may operate over many thousands of hours. With increasing hydrophobicity of the surfaces, this effect can be suppressed and a poor peel strength remains essentially constant with time. The observed rates at which the peel strength increases are quantitatively consistent with diffusion of entrapped air out of the interface.