共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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针对内陆核电选址中小风、静风频率较高的厂址,分别采用美国核管会(NRC)导则推荐方法和运用三维客观诊断风场与Lagrangian烟团模型模拟整年8 760小时逐时排放方法,计算了湖南桃花江厂址事故工况下的大气扩散因子,探讨复杂条件下大气扩散模型的适宜性。研究表明:在非居住区边界概率论方法计算的最大小时事故扩散因子较烟团模型计算方法保守;Lagrangian烟团模型计算的小时事故扩散因子在某些方位大于概率论方法结果,某些远距离子区的扩散因子大于近距离子区;对于释放时间相对较长的情形,导则方法估算结果仍偏小。由此可见,导则推荐方法得到的扩散因子存在不保守的情形,建议在计算复杂地形、小静风频率较高的内陆厂址事故扩散因子时慎重选择扩散模型。 相似文献
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应用气象相关实验估算秦山三期核电工程年均大气扩散因子的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍在一址多堆的秦山核电厂址,通过气象相关实验,应用已有的秦山一期(或二期)厂址的整年逐时气象观测数据来估算待建厂(秦山三期)正常工况下的年均大气扩散因子的实验研究方法与结果。1995年9~10月在秦山一期、二期、三期3个厂址同步进行为期21d的低空风观测实验,建立了风向、风速相关矩阵。提出了应用相关实验结果估算三维联合频率及混合释放情况下的年均大气扩散因子的计算公式及各有关参数的计算方法。与此同时进行了平衡球飞行试验、风洞模拟试验及低探观测,提供了计算年均大气扩散因子所需的秦山三期厂址的扩散参数与混合层高度的实测数据 相似文献
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以秦山核电工程厂址地区的气象观测数据为基础,对应用气象相关性分析方法估算联合频率和年均大气扩散因子的可靠性进行了分析。结果表明,在计算联合频率中风向和风速概率矩阵比应用频率矩阵更准确、可靠。如果根据厂址年风频或风速组频率分布对概率矩阵进行修正,那么就可以用较短时间的气象观测资料构成概率矩阵,从而较好地估算联合频率和年均大气扩散因子。另外,在复杂地形不同位置的厂址间的大气稳定度类存在一定差异,应当予以考虑。 相似文献
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利用WRF数值模式和CALPUFF扩散模式相结合的技术手段分析研究某沿海厂址大气扩散参数,并通过现场示踪试验验证了数值模式模拟结果的可靠性和模拟方法的适用性。结果表明,CALPUFF扩散模式无论从扩散因子数量值还是分布范围上,与现场示踪试验结果均能保持较好的一致性,CALPUFF扩散模拟结果能较好地反映当地大气扩散实际特征。通过与P-G和IAEA扩散参数比对得出,CALPUFF数值模式结果确定的厂址大气扩散参数符合大气扩散特征的一般规律;在考虑厂址实际下垫面和流场特征情况下,CALPUFF数值模式确定的扩散参数整体较P-G扩散参数偏大,其扩散参数值能较真实地反映该地区气载污染物的扩散能力。 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(4):459-472
A three-dimensional numerical atmospheric model (PHYSIC) was developed to apply it to atmospheric transport and diffusion evaluation The main frame of PHYSIC is made up of momentum equations with the hydrostatic and Boussinesq approximation, the second-order turbulence closure model level 2.5 and other basic equations of physical process in the atmosphere. A terrain following z* coordinate system is used. The calculation results at a coastal plain were examined using meteorological data observed during atmospheric diffusion experiments at Tokai in 1983. The present model successfully predicts the temporal change of wind field within 20 h from evening to next noon and the occurrence and structure of sea breeze are simulated satisfactorily. The model performance concerning the structure of sea breeze and the distribution of eddy diffusivities is thought to be reasonable, although the direct comparison between calculation and observation is restricted to wind and temperature profiles by limited observation data. Further examination of model performance relating to above items, and over mountainous region, will be needed. 相似文献
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Two analytical models are proposed to analyze density wave instability. One is a non-linear analytical model (PARALLEL) solved for the time elapsed and is applicable to systems with more than three channels with the same flow conditions or different flow conditions between channels. The other is a linear model (PARCOMP) solved on a complex plane and is applicable to two channel systems with or without different flow conditions. The results obtained by these models are compared with the density wave instability occurring in a twin parallel boiling channel system. The PARALLEL is applied to systems with more than three channels with the same flow conditions, and the results are compared with those in a twin channel system. Finally, the effects of the different flow conditions on the stable flow limit in a system with more than three channels are investigated analytically using PARALLEL. The approximation method by a linear model is examined and proposed to evaluate the stable flow limit in this case. 相似文献
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本文通过对涉及排放条件、气象条件、下势面条件以及污染物性质等方面的有关参数和修正方法进行充分的分析,确定有关参数和修正方法对年均大气弥散因子的影响范围和程度。结果表明,各个模式参数和修正方法的影响程度和范围各不相同,其中混合释放方式和风随高度的变化等因素很显著,其他一些因素如复杂地形、扩散参数、稳定度分类方法、热内边界层等的影响基本上在2~3倍之内。而通常人们比较关注的因素(如扩散参数、气象资料获取率等)的影响并不显著,从工程项目环境影响分析与评价的角度来看,应合理制定或适当简化这方面的评价程序。 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(10):1194-1205
Large eddy simulation (LES) of developed turbulent flows in a rod bundle was carried out for four spacer designs. The mixing-vanes attached at the spacer were inclined at 30° or 20° they were arranged to promote the swirling or convective flow. These arrangements are possible elements to compose an actual rod bundle. Our LES technique with a consistent higher-order immersed boundary method and a one-equation dynamic sub-grid scale model contributed to an efficient treatment of the complex wall configurations of rods and spacers. The computational results reasonably reproduced experimental results for the drag coefficient and the decay rate of swirling flow. The profiles of the axial velocities and the turbulence intensities indicated reasonable trend for the turbulent flow in the rod bundle. The effect of mixing-vane arrangement on the lateral flows was successfully clarified: the cross flow took the longer way on the rod surface than the swirling flow and then was more significantly influenced by momentum diffusion at the no-slip wall. Therefore, the largely inclined mixing-vanes promoted the cross flow only in the neighborhood of the spacer; the swirling flow inside a subchannel could reach farther downstream than the cross flow. 相似文献
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本文应用WRF/CALPUFF模型模拟了湖南省桃花江内陆核电站厂址野外示踪试验,研究受复杂地形影响下的SF烟羽扩散规律,并与现场试验进行对比分析。结果表明:受到地形的影响,风向会发生改变,污染物扩散轨迹随之改变,地形是影响SF扩散轨迹的重要因素。同时,应用统计学参数分析模拟结果的合理性,其中FAC与FAC值分别为30.1%与57.7%,说明模拟扩散因子与现场试验扩散因子之间吻合较好。总之,研究表明CALPUFF模型能较好地模拟复杂地形条件下的污染物扩散。 相似文献
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在温度场和应力场计算的基础上建立了强流脉冲电子束轰击作用下的扩散模型,并给出了数值方法及其数值解。该模型与方法同样适用于其它高能束流作用下的扩散过程。计算表明,浓度扩散流仍然是影响扩散的主要因素;而轰击超过一定次数后,扩散的作用将减弱;当边界条件为表面扩散时,扩散进行较快,这是表面涂覆加脉冲电子束后处理快速表面合金化工艺的理论基础。对实验结果和理论结果的对比分析表明,在脉冲轰击下,扩散激活能随空位浓度的增加而下降,从而加速扩散过程;在表面有熔化的情况下,则液态时的对流混合作用是主导因素。 相似文献