低温游泳结合银杏叶提取物给药对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响

[目的]研究低温游泳运动结合银杏叶提取物(GBE)给药对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响.[方法]通过高脂饲料喂养大鼠模型试验42 d,获高脂血症试验鼠,将大鼠随机分成4组(n=3),分别为对照组、安静药物组、单纯低温游泳运动和低温游泳结合GBE给药组,测定各组大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG) 和高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)含量,同时测定血清、肝脏、心脏组织中过氧化脂质(LPO)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.[结果]各试验组均能降低肝脏指数,SOD活性也明显降低;低温游泳联合GBE组能明显降低大鼠血清TC、TG值.[结论]低温游泳联合GBE给药可以调节高血脂大鼠血脂代谢,明显降低血液总胆固醇和甘油三酯,有助于高脂血症的改善.     

混合稀土"常乐"对大鼠肝脏的影响

探讨在不同剂量农用混合稀土"常乐"的作用下,大鼠肝脏的形态、功能改变及其作用机理.以Wistar大鼠为对象,用生理盐水和2.0、5.0、20.0mg·kg-1的常乐连续灌胃3个月后,采用生化方法检测了血清中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP) 、γ-谷氨酰胺转移酶(GGT);应用常规组织学及透射电镜技术观察了大鼠肝脏光镜及电镜形态结构的变化;采用酶组织化学技术检测了肝细胞中琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDHase)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G-6-Pase)及三磷酸腺苷酶(Ca2+-ATPase)的变化.与对照组比较2.0、5.0mg·kg-1组大鼠肝脏结构、血清酶及SDHase、G-6-Pase、Ca2+-ATPase的活性均无明显改变;20.0mg·kg-1组肝细胞索排列紊乱,汇管区有炎细胞浸润,糖原减少,线粒体嵴轻度肿胀,胆小管附近有较多电子密度高的致密体及溶酶体,SDHase、G-6-Pase和Ca2+-ATPase 活性均明显降低.给予不同剂量的混合稀土,大鼠肝脏出现不同程度的改变,以20.0mg·kg-1组显著.     

不同基肥施用量对连钱草生长情况及品质的影响

[目的]解决连钱草生产基肥的施用量问题.[方法]试验设4个基肥施用量处理:A.12 000 kg/hm<'2>(CK)、B.19 500 kg/hm<'2>、C.27 000 ks/hm<'2>、D.34 500 kg/hm<'2>;基肥用量的2/3栽前施于厢面,1/3移栽时施于窝内.[结果]连钱草生长势随着基肥施用量的增加有增加的趋势,封厢时间随基肥量的增加有提前的趋势.除处理D (34 500 kg/hm<'2>)中连钱草最大叶柄长、株高略劣于对照A(12 000kg/hm<'2>)外,其他处理的生长性状均优于对照A(12 000 kg/hm<'2>).连钱草产量随着基肥施用量的增加呈增加的趋势,但增幅逐步下降,施肥效用递减.[结论]连钱草较好的基肥施用量为19 500、27 000 kg/hm<'2>.     

市售4种有机磷农药急性毒性研究

[目的]检侧市售4种有机磷农药对SD大鼠的急性毒性.[方法]以4～5月龄、体质量180～220kg的雄性、清洁级SD大鼠为试验动物,用4种不同质量浓度的有机磷农药对其进行灌胃,观察SD大鼠的中毒表现并记录死亡时间,评价急性致毒效应特征、药物间的致毒效果及其安全浓度,并分析其原因.[结果]辛硫磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96 h的半致死浓度分别为3.892、3.051、2.618、2.458 g/kg;甲基异柳磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96 h的半致死浓度分别为0.015、0.013、0.012、0.011 g/kg;水胺硫磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96 h的半致死浓度分别为0.049、0.046、0.043、0.041 g/kg;乙酰甲胺磷对SD大鼠24、48、72、96 h的半致死浓度分别为0.137、0.113、0.100、0.085g/kg.[结论]4种有机磷农药对SD大鼠均呈现以蓄积为主导的急性毒发效应,毒性大小依次为甲基异柳磷>水胺硫磷>乙酰甲胺磷>辛硫磷.     

中药"球康"对雏鸡感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫部分血液理化指标的影响

[目的]为鸡球虫病的有效防治提供参考.[方法]将雏鸡随机分为感染球虫对照组(Ⅰ)、感染球虫给中药"球康"组(Ⅱ)和不感染不给药对照组(Ⅲ),Ⅰ、Ⅱ组鸡接种柔嫩艾美尔球虫孢子化卵囊,于感染当天在Ⅱ组鸡饲料中添加2%中药"球康"微粉制剂,测定雏鸡接种球虫0、5、8 d时红细胞数量(RBC)、白细胞数量(WBC)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)及血清K<'+>、Na<'+>、Cl<'->、Ca<'2+>、P<'3+>浓度和TP含量.[结果]与Ⅲ组相比,接种球虫第5天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组鸡RBC总数、HGB含量和HCT均出现下降趋势;接种球虫第5天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雏鸡血清K<'+>显著升高,第8天有所降低;接种球虫第8天,各组血清Na<'+>比接种第5天略有下降,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雏鸡血清Ca<'2+>升高;接种球虫第5天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雏鸡血清Cl<'->和P<'3+>略有降低;接种球虫后,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雏鸡血清TP舍量降低.Ⅱ组雏鸡仅血清K<'+>浓度显著高于Ⅲ组(第5天),血清Na<'+>、Cl<'->、Ca<'2+>、P<'3+>浓度和TP含量升高或降低程度与Ⅲ组无显著性差异.[结论]中药"球康"通过抵抗球虫感染,在一定程度上有助于维持血液理化指标的恒定.     

稻草秸秆硫酸水解研究

[目的]优化稻草秸秆浓硫酸水解法的条件.[方法]在单因素试验的基础上,固定稻草秸秆粒度为20 ～ 40 目,以液固比(V/W)、硫酸质量分数、反应温度和反应时间4个因素进行正交试验.[结果]4个因素对稻草秸秆水解率的影响程度为:硫酸质量分数＞液固比＞反应温度＞反应时间.稻草秸秆的最佳水解条件为:硫酸质量分数70%,液固比(V/W)12:1,反应温度70 ℃,反应时间为3 h.在此条件下,稻草秸秆水解率达77%以上.[结论]该研究为综合开发利用稻草秸秆奠定了基础.     

青霉素对枯草芽孢杆菌破壁效果研究

[目的]研究枯草芽孢杆菌生长期添加青霉素时的破壁效果.[方法]为使细菌释放出细胞内的有效活性物质,采用青霉素干扰微生物细胞壁形成的方法,研究不同的青霉素添加量对细胞的破壁效果.[结果]通过检测破壁前后菌体光密度变化值得出,在枯草芽孢杆菌的生长期,青霉素添加量对菌体光密度的变化有明显影响,青霉素添加量为25 mg/Kg,作用时间4 h,温度30℃时,光密度变化值(AOD)最高,达0.695,说明此时破壁效果最佳.[结论]青霉素对细胞具有一定的破壁效果,推测根据需要可以适量添加青霉素,使细菌释放出细胞内的物质.     

氨氮胁迫对泥鳅不同组织SOD和GSH-PX活性的影响

[目的]研究氨氮胁迫对泥鳅肌肉、肝脏、鳃组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性的影响.[方法]采用生态毒理学方法,在淡水中分别添加NH4Cl 0、50、150、250、450 mg/L,并分组.测定21 d内泥鳅肌肉、肝脏、鳃组织中的SOD和 GSH-PX活性,并对数据进行分析.[结果]低浓度组(50、150 mg/L)在氨氮胁迫2 d和7 d时,泥鳅肝脏、鳃SOD和 GSH-PX活性,随胁迫浓度的升高和胁迫时间的延长逐渐升高,14 d和21 d时,逐渐降低.但250 mg/L组和450 mg/L组SOD和 GSH-PX活性随胁迫浓度的升高一直呈现下降趋势.与肝脏和鳃组织相比,肌肉组织内SOD和 GSH-PX对氨氮胁迫的反应比较滞后.[结论]氨氮对泥鳅3种组织的SOD和 GSH-PX活性均有显著影响.     

荜茇-13味治疗大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝病的实验研究

目的:研究荜茇-13味对大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝病的疗效.方法:雄性Wister大鼠40只随机分组,每组8只.正常对照组仅喂饲普通饲料,其他大鼠喂饲高脂饲料(88%标准普通饲料+10%猪油+2%胆固醇)12周.分为模型对照组和荜茇-13味低(2mg/kg)、中(4mg/kg)、高(8mg/kg)给药组.治疗组于13周开始灌胃荜茇-13味.药物干预8周末结束实验,测定体重、肝湿重和肝指数,检测血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和肝组织TG、TC.结果:与对照组比较,模型组体重、肝湿重、肝指数以及血清中TG、TC、LDL-c、、ALT、AST、MDA和肝组织TG、TC含量均增加,具有显著性差异(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)而HDL-c和SOD下降(P＜0.05);与模型组比较,药物干预组大鼠肝湿重和肝指数及血清TG、TC、LDL-c、ALT、AST、MDA和肝组织TG、TC降低,且肝脏脂肪变性和炎症坏死减轻(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:荜茇-13味对大鼠高脂饮食诱导的NAFLD有治疗作用.     

奶牛体外受精相关影响因素分析

[目的]探讨和研究奶牛体外受精(IVF)各技术环节中一些因素,对奶牛IVF整个过程的影响.[方法]研究不同来源的卵母细胞、精液的不同处理方法、不同的培养体系,不同受精时间,受精密度对奶牛IVF的影响.[结果]屠宰场采集的卵母细胞和活体采卵收集的卵母细胞的卵裂率和囊胚发育率差异不显著;对精子分别采用percoll梯度密度离心和上浮法处理,两组的卵裂率囊胚发育率无明显差异,用SOF液和BO液体外培养,两培养体系的卵裂率和囊胚发育率均差异不显著;受精时间为8、1O h及lO、12 h的囊胚发育率均差异不显著,但受精8 h的囊胚发育率显著高于受精时间12 h;受精微滴(100 μl)中放置成熟的卵母细胞数(20、40个),两组的卵裂率和囊胚发育率均下降,且差异显著.[结论]随受精时间的延长,卵裂率和囊胚发育率逐渐降低,差异不显著,但受精8 h的囊胚发育率显著高于受精12 h;受精微滴(100 μl)中放置20个成熟的卵母细胞,可取得较好的体外受精效果.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.