基于VC++的双头摩擦焊机测控系统的研究

根据双头摩擦焊机焊接过程质量控制的需要,研究了一套高采样精度的双头摩擦焊机测控系统.系统在Visual C++开发环境下编程.采用多媒体定时器控制采样精度,减小了由于Windows普通定时器定时精度差给系统造成的焊接缩短量和焊接时间等控制参数的测量误差.数据统计分析表明,系统采样精度高达1 ms,可保证两侧相对转速误差小于3.5 r/min、相对缩短量误差在0.1-0.5 mm以内.该系统采用模块化设计结构.包括数据采集、串口通信、绘制趋势曲线、焊接数据实时显示、动画演示焊接过程等功能模块.实际生产及试验表明,该测控系统控制精度高,运行高效、稳定.     

轴向摩擦焊机上的径向摩擦焊

本文介绍了在轴向摩擦焊机上实现薄壁环径向摩擦焊试验的基本原理、工装夹具设计及工艺措施。首次在２０Ｔ常规轴向摩擦焊机上完成了薄壁铜环与钢的径向摩擦焊工艺试验，也是国内首例径向摩擦焊试验。     

液压驱动水下摩擦焊机研制

针对水下结构物维修的需要,研制了液压驱动水下摩擦焊机。该摩擦焊机的主要特点是:主轴结构设计合理,能够满足高速重载运转的需要;主轴材料选择与密封设计,使得主轴可以长期应用于水下;主轴内部安装了转速传感器和磁致伸缩式位移传感器,能够很好地实现主轴转速和主轴位移测量;控制系统成功地实现了主轴转速、主轴进给速度和压力等焊接参数的自动控制,自动焊接程序可以根据塞棒烧损长度设置合适的焊接参数组合。试验表明,液压驱动水下摩擦焊机可以完成水下摩擦焊接,焊接接头强度超过母材强度的80%,对于海洋平台结构物的水下维修、牺牲阳极更换接线螺柱安装等具有较好的应用前景。     

利用普通车床改装连续驱动摩擦焊机

论述了将普通车床改装为连续驱动摩擦焊机的原理和方法。生产实践证明,这是一种行之有效的技术改造,其特点是投資少、见效快,焊接质量可靠。     

实现装配焊接的双主轴摩擦焊机的研究

根据微型汽车传动轴轴管叉焊接总成的相位精度和长度精度要求,结合摩擦焊工艺特征,研究设计了一种双主轴相位摩擦焊机。该焊机可同时完成两道焊缝,实现了轴管叉焊接总成的装配焊接。通过小批量焊接试验和对焊件的综合考核,验证了所设计制造的双主轴相位摩擦焊机在实现轴管叉焊接总成装配焊接的精度和稳定性,既降低了成本又提高了效率。     

相位摩擦焊相位控制装置的研究

研究和设计了一种定相位装置，以实现摩擦焊的精确定位。其关键在于检测到合适的速度的同时启动定相位装置；在国内现有的摩擦焊机的基础上，设计添加一个速度检测系统和机械强制定位系统，有效地实现了对摩擦焊的相位对中的控制。     

中国首台五轴联动动龙门搅拌摩擦焊设备——赛福斯特公司成功研制高精度试验型搅拌摩擦焊机

作为中国首家得到授权的搅拌摩擦焊设备制造商——北京赛福斯特技术有限公司依托中航工业北京航空制造工程研究所五十年的宇航制造工艺及专业设备开发能力,秉承先进、可靠、高效、宜人等特点,开发了多个系列的搅拌摩擦焊设备和产品生产线,应用于航天、航空、造船、列车、能源、汽车等领域,为铝合金等金属材料焊接提供了完美的技术解决方案。     

一种无液压系统的摩擦焊机的研制

液压式摩擦焊机具有能源消耗大、噪声、发热等缺点。提出一种无液压系统的摩擦焊机,利用变频电机和汽缸实现摩擦压力的施加,完成摩擦焊接。该摩擦焊机的设计步骤和方法包括:试验机的方案分析、驱动装置方案分析、传动装置主要元件的设计、控制装置方案分析、总体尺寸的设计。该摩擦焊机带有双摩擦棒,可用于试验不同材料经过摩擦焊接后的焊接组织性能,设计的焊机结构简单、节约能源、提高摩擦焊接精度和质量。     

日本摩擦焊机的生产及其应用

本文介绍了日本摩擦焊机生产及应用的基本情况。     

相位摩擦焊与编程控制系统的研制

对原有的用继电器作为电气控制系统的摩擦焊机进行了改造。采用西门子公司的SIMATICS7—200型可编程序控制器对相位摩擦焊工艺程序进行控制，其中包括相位摩擦焊工艺时序图、PLC的硬件接口以及软件编程等。SIEMENS公司S7—200型PLC结构简单、指令丰富、操作与修改程序容易，可靠性高．控制功能与精度高等特点。     

Development of small-sized friction stirs welding equipment for hand-operated welding

Much attention has been paid to FSW as a useful joining process that provides superior characteristics compared with conventional fusion welding. However, the FSW equipment must have a high stiffness due to the applied load and the tool torque, which increases the size of the equipment. Therefore, it is difficult to use the FSW technique on-site for repairs and/or hand-operated welding. In this study, the relationship between the FSW parameters and the process loads was investigated for the FSW with a counterbalanced tool and preheating to evaluate the possible miniaturization of the equipment. The results revealed that the counterbalanced tool concept with preheating was effective for the miniaturization of the equipment because it reduces the applied l and the tool torque during the FSW. Welding direction force Fx and transverse direction force Fy can be reduced below 70 N and 50 N respectively.     

Study on heat efficiency of laser-TIG double-side welding

A series of laser-TIG double-side welding experiments for aluminum alloys were carried out to investigate the heat efficiency of the process. The melting efficiency was introduced to evaluate quantitatively the degree of the mutual effect of the laser and the arc. The results showed that the melting efficiency of laser-TIG double-side welding exceeded the sum of the laser and the arc taken separately. With the increase of heat input, the weld depth and melting efficiency of the laser and the arc were increased signifwantly. This, in fact, implies the strong mutual effect of the laser and the arc as heat sources joined simultaneously in the process. Comparatively, the higher efficiency of the laser constituent of heat sources plays the main role in the increase of the process efficiency. The phenomena of arc column convergence, increased laser absorptivity and the formation of heat accumulation region are the causes of the improvement of heat efficiency.     

Effect of temperature field on flashes formation of continuous drive friction welding

On basis of the finite element software DEFORM, the 2D coupled thermo-mechanical model of continuous drive friction welding of ring parts is established. The temperature and the flashes during the welding process are investigated. The results of numerical simulation show that the temperature of friction surface is higher than that of other region and the peak temperature increases with the increase of welding time. During the process of friction stage, no flash appears because of the low temperature and the small axial friction pressure. At the forging stage, the flashes appear, whose dimensions and bending degree increase with the increase of welding temperature. Moreover, with the increase of rotational velocity and axial forging pressure, the dimensions and the bending degree of flashes of continuous drive friction welding increase.     

轧机联轴器主传动轴的装配焊接工艺研究

通过研究轧机联轴器主传动轴的装焊工艺,总结出一套对于多段拼焊的细长空心轴通过焊接坡口形式的确定、焊前粗调、精调方法以及焊接工艺参数合理设定,最终通过焊接来保证同轴度的装焊工艺方案。该制作方案对类似产品的制作提供了良好的技术借鉴,值得推广应用。     

Development of autocompleting friction welding method

Abstract

This paper describes an autocompleting friction welding method that was carried out to weld with an insert piece set between fixed base metals. The base metal was low carbon steel, and the faying surface of the fixed specimen had a 10 mm diameter. The effect of the thickness of the insert piece (insert thickness) on the joining phenomena was investigated. When the insert thickness was 3˙2 mm and the friction welding conditions were a friction speed of 27˙5 s^–1 and friction pressure of 36 MPa, the insert piece had a shear fracture toward the circumferential direction in the peripheral portion of the weld interfaces by the initial peak produced during the friction process. The joint also had cracks at the adjacent region of the weld interfaces, although it had the same tensile strength as the base metal. On the other hand, the joint made using the insert piece with a groove on its peripheral portion had the same tensile strength as the base metal, where it fractured. This joint also had 90° bend ductility without cracks. In this case, the optimum insert thickness was 4˙0 mm, and the thickness at the bottom of the grooves (groove bottom thickness) was 1˙2 mm with an 11 mm inner groove diameter, and the friction welding conditions were a friction speed of 27˙5 s^–1 and friction pressure of 36 MPa. In conclusion, a sound friction welded joint was made by an autocompleting friction welding method.     

Development of small sized friction stir welding equipment for hand operated welding

Abstract

Friction stir welding (FSW) is widely used in various industrial fields. However, high tiffness is required for FSW equipment which has to withstand high applied load and tool torque and therefore, the equipment becomes large sized. It is difficult to employ FSW for site welding such as repair welding and/or manual welding. The authors made a prototype of FSW apparatus equipped with a counterbalanced tool and a local heating device. The relationship between the applied load and welding parameters was investigated and it was found that the force in the welding direction, Fx is reduced to 70 N or less and that in the transverse direction Fy is to 50 N or less. The combined use of the prototype equipment with a counterbalanced tool and the local heating is very effective to downsize FSW equipment.