紫外光固化时间对RAFT法制备的聚合物分散液晶膜电光性能及微观形貌的影响

液晶/聚合物复合膜作为成膜材料,其紫外光固化时间对膜的电光性能及微观形貌有很大的影响。文中利用可逆加成-断裂转移自由基聚合(RAFT)制备了活性聚苯乙烯(PS)大分子引发剂,用以引发丙烯酸甲酯(MA)进行活性聚合制备聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)薄膜。系统研究了紫外光固化时间对RAFT-PS基PDLC薄膜电光性能及微观形貌的影响及影响机理。研究表明,通过RAFT法制备的PDLC在较短时间内即完成相分离,并且随着紫外光固化时间的延长,PDLC的阈值电压(Vth)和饱和电压(Vsat)升高,关态透光率(Toff)、记忆效应(ΔT)和最大透光率(Tmax)下降,薄膜的微观形貌也出现了连续明显的变化。随着紫外固化反应时间延长,聚合物基体的相对分子质量显著增加。     

聚合物分散液晶膜的制备及性能研究

以ITO导电膜为基材,采用热固化法进行实验,制备尺寸为0.6m×1m的聚合物分散液晶膜,讨论了液晶质量分数、热固化温度和升温速率等条件对样品性能的影响,研究发现在液晶质量分数为65%、热固化温度为75℃、升温速率为3.5℃/min的条件下,能够制备出性能优良的聚合物分散液晶膜。     

高分子化合物的合成及电流变性能研究

通过采用联苯胺和2,2-二氨基-4,4-双噻唑合成一种含有双噻唑基的共轭聚合物,经过红外、扫描电镜、热重分析等测试了该物质的结构及热稳定性等,并通过将聚合物分散在硅油中制备电流变流体,测试其电流变性能.结果表明共轭聚合物作为电流变体的分散相有利于电流变性能的提高,同时发现随分散相的浓度增大其电流变性能随之提高.     

溶剂法制备聚合物分散液晶膜

用溶剂法制备了聚合物分散液晶膜。采用偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和电光仪对相分离和聚合物分散液晶材料的电光性能作了初步探讨。研究结果表明，升温速度和聚合物含量对PDLC膜的相分离结构和响应电压有显著的影响。     

蓝相聚合物

详细叙述了新型蓝相液晶聚合物的分子设计、制备、特殊的光学性能和聚合物的蓝相性能与温度、分子结构的关系,讨论了蓝相聚合物的产业化及应用等.所报道的最宽的聚合物蓝相区间从-180 ℃开始直至160 ℃以上消失.     

光照可逆调控侧链液晶聚合物膜的表面能

对侧链液晶聚合物聚甲基丙烯酸(5-[4-(4-氰基偶氮苯)苯氧基]戊酯)进行溶液铸膜,用473nm线偏振光(LPL)照射使聚合物膜发生光致取向,用锥光成像的方法表征了侧链液晶聚合物的取向。取向前接触角为71.8°,取向后为86.4°;用365nm紫外光照射后,薄膜发生了解取向,解取向后接触角为72.3°。取向使膜表面能由40.1变为30.8mJ/m2,解取向后又恢复到39.8mJ/m2。表明光照能可逆调控侧链液晶聚合物表面能。     

两性聚合物的合成及电流变性能

采用对氨基苯磺酸和2,2’-二氨基-4．4’-双噻唑合成一种含有双噻唑基和两性基团的共轭聚合物,通过红外、扫描电镜、热重分析等测试了该物质的结构及热稳定性等,并通过将聚合物分散在硅油和溴代二苯甲烷中制备电流变流体,测试其电流变性能。结果表明,两性聚合物作为电流变体的分散相有利于电流变性能的提高,同时发现分散相和分散介质的密度相接近时也有利于电流变性能的提高。     

单体BAB6和手性剂含量对聚合物网络稳定液晶电光性能的影响

采用单体4,4′-二[6-(丙烯酰氧基)己氧基]联苯(BAB6)和胆甾相液晶混合光固化,制得聚合物网络稳定液晶(PSLC)薄膜。利用紫外可见分光光度计、响应时间测试装置和扫描电子显微镜(SEM),研究了单体BAB6和手性剂质量分数对PSLC薄膜电光性能和网络微观形貌的影响。结果表明,随着BAB6质量分数增加,PSLC薄膜的聚合物网眼尺寸变小,透过率降低,饱和电压增加,响应时间缩短;随着手性剂质量分数增加,聚合物网眼尺寸缩小,液晶畴变小,驱动电压增加,响应时间进一步下降。当液晶∶单体∶手性剂的质量比为100∶5∶10时,制得了电光性能优良,响应时间为2ms的PSLC薄膜。     

聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸复合LB膜在OLED器件上的应用

采用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)膜静电诱导沉积法制备聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)高度有序导电聚合物复合薄膜,研究了薄膜的导电性能并进一步研究薄膜在改善器件性能方面的作用.并将其应用于有机电致发光二极管(OLED)器件的空穴缓冲层,将聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT/PSS)复合LB沉积于纳米铟锡金属氧化物(ITO)电极上,制备了以复合LB膜为空穴缓冲层的OLED器件.发现复合LB膜改善了器件性能(启动电压降低,最大亮度增加),但进一步的研究表明LB膜器件在一定时间后出现性能劣化.I-V特性和X射线反射率(XRR)分析表明,薄膜的结构发生一定程度的改变是导致器件性能变差的可能原因.     

聚合物分散液晶膜的制备及电光性能

采用紫外光聚合相分离(PIPS)法制备聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)薄膜,使其在断电状态下具有高的散射性而在通电后又具有高的透过率。实验通过改变液晶/预聚物复合体系中活性稀释剂单体的种类、单体与树脂的比例来调控聚合物与液晶微滴界面的锚定能,以改善PDLC的电光特性。研究了不同种类的活性稀释剂单体、树脂与单体比例对PDLC膜的偏光显微镜下形貌、光电性能的影响。最后优化工艺参数,制备出低阈值、高对比度的PDLC薄膜。实验结果表明,采用单体甲基丙烯酸月桂酯(LM)与聚酯类树脂5034的混合物与液晶混合,经相分离得到的PDLC膜在断电状态下具有高的散射性而且通电时有高的透过率,驱动电压低,对比度高。     

Effects of rigid structures containing (meth)acrylate monomers and crosslinking agents with different chain length on the morphology and electro-optical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films

ABSTRACT

This contribution investigates the preparation of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films based on meth(acrylate) monomers containing rigid structures. The current study specifically focuses on comparison of the monomers on the basis of meth(acrylate) side group, flexible/rigid structures and rigidity. We find that methacrylate monomers exhibit more preferable electro-optic properties than that of the acrylate monomers. Furthermore, through the systematic variation of rigidity, composition of the monomers and chain length of crosslinking agents, both the morphologies and electro-optic properties of these films are found to be adjustable. A composite film is demonstrated by employing moderately rigid monomer (tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate) with low driving voltage (21.0?V) and high contrast ratio (87.5). Therefore, the studies here provide a new approach to optimize the electro-optical properties of the PDLC films by introducing monomers with rigid structures.     

聚合物分散液晶的相行为

针对聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)二元体系进行了研究，主要包括外加直流电场下制备的PDLC的相图研究以及PDLC形成过程中相分离情况。在PDLC制备过程中由于外加直流电场对小分子液晶的作用，使液晶在此二元结构中的清亮点发生变化。结果表明，直流电场的引入导致PDLC中液晶清亮点升高。相分离行为主要是跟踪PDLC形成过程中由于小分子液晶与高分子链段之间的排斥作用而引起的相分离，研究了不同条件下PDLC相分离的快慢。     

Fabrication of flexible polymer dispersed liquid crystal films using conducting polymer thin films as the driving electrodes

Conducting polymers exhibit good mechanical and interfacial compatibility with plastic substrates. We prepared an optimized coating formulation based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl acrylate and fabricated a transparent electrode on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate. The surface resistances and transmittance of the prepared thin films were 500-600 Ω/□ and 87% at 500 nm, respectively. To evaluate the performance of the conducting polymer electrode, we fabricated a five-layer flexible polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) device as a PET-PEDOT-PDLC-PEDOT-PET flexible film. The prepared PDLC device exhibited a low driving voltage (15 VAC), high contrast ratio (60:1), and high transmittance in the ON state (60%), characteristics that are comparable with those of conventional PDLC film based on indium tin oxide electrodes. The fabrication of conducting polymer thin films as the driving electrodes in this study showed that such films can be used as a substitute for an indium tin oxide electrode, which further enhances the flexibility of PDLC film.     

Polarization-independent optical fiber modulator by use of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals

Ultrasmall light modulators have been made by sandwiching a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) between two ferrules with optical fibers. The device can modulate light independent of the state of polarization, because the PDLC becomes transparent or opaque when either sufficient or no voltage is applied to the film. The PDLC was prepared by mixing and annealing a prepolymer and nematic liquid crystal with large anisotropy. An optical fiber modulator with a 30-mum thick PDLC film had an extinction ratio of 8:1-33:1, an insertion loss of 1.3 dB, and rise and decay times of 4 ms at a wavelength of 1.3 mum.     

低阈值的聚合物分散液晶膜厚对其电光性能的影响

采用聚合物诱导相分离方法制备PDLC膜,主要研究了膜厚对PDLC膜电光特性的影响。结果表明,膜厚对PDLC中液晶微滴的尺寸与形状有很大影响,在一定范围内随着膜厚的增加,液晶微滴变得细小均匀,进而使液晶的阈值电压及饱和电压增加,但同时使液晶的下降时间缩短,有助于提高响应速度。     

高度支化水性聚氨酯的合成及性能EI

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和聚醚胺(ATA)为原料,采用A2+B3法合成了具有高度支化结构的水性聚氨酯(HBAPU)乳液。用红外光谱(FT-IR)对产物结构进行表征;用光子相关光谱(PCS)研究了乳液的稳定性能,NCO/OH=1.3,w(DMPA)=6%时可以得到稳定的HBAPU乳液;采用旋转黏度计、差式扫描量热仪(DSC)、热失重分析仪(TG)、电子拉力机对产物的流变行为和各种性能进行了测试。结果表明,相对于线性水性聚氨酯(LAPU),HBAPU产物具有较低的黏度、良好的热稳定性、较高的Tg和拉伸强度。     

液晶性能对聚氨酯／液晶复合膜抗凝血性能的影响

合成了3种亲水性胆甾醇液晶化合物,HO-[CH2CH2]-nO-C∧‖O-O-Chol（n=2,3,4）,用元素分析法、红外光谱、差热分析以及偏光显微镜观察对其结构进行了表征,利用聚氨酯与上述液晶化合物制备复合膜,研究了液晶性能对聚合物/液晶复合膜抗凝血性能的影响,结果表明,胆甾醇液晶化合物有利于改善聚合物材料的抗凝血性能。     

Liquid crystalline texture and hydrogen bond on the thermal conductivities of intrinsic thermal conductive polymer films

Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal(PDLC)films comprising polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and liquid crystal monomer(LCM)were successfully obtained by the method of solution casting&thermal compress-ing.LCM was distributed orderly in PVA matrix by hydrogen bond interaction,to form PVA-LCM interpenetrating-layered networks.When the mass fraction of LCM was up to 35 wt％,the corresponding in-plane thermal conductivity coefficient(λ∥)of PDLC film was significantly increased to 1.41 W m-1 K-1,about 10.8 times that of neat PVA(0.13 W m-1 K-1).High intrinsic λ//values of PDLC films were mainly attributed to the formed microscopic-ordered structures from ordered stacking of LCM,ordered arrangement of PVA chains,and their hydrogen bond interaction.This work would offer a new way to design and prepare novel intrinsic high thermal conductive polymers.     

Spatial light modulators for projection displays

Spatial light modulators (SLM's) consisting of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film and a Bi(12)SiO(20) photoconductor are discussed and demonstrated. This device, which uses light scattering in the PDLC film, has several advantages including no polarizer, a low optical loss, and video-rate operation. The device was designed by use of an electrical-image method. High-definition SLM's with a limiting resolution (36-50 line pairs/mm) were fabricated by stacking of an optimized mirror and the PDLC film. The device, which was incorporated into a Schlieren system with a 1-kW xenon lamp, provided high-contrast video images and a total luminous flux of 1000 lm.     

Characteristics of di- and tri-block copolymers: polymer disperse liquid crystal display

In the reported work the block copolymers are used in the polymer disperse liquid crystal (PDLC) films. The present work has been performed to investigate the effect of block copolymer addition and block ratios on the PDLC characteristics. From our experimental finding, addition of block copolymer in PDLC shows variation in droplet size, electro-optical properties, extent of phase separation, and phase transition temperature. These finding indicate the alteration in solubility parameters of solutions with the addition of block copolymers. Moreover, the tri-block copolymer shows enlarge droplet size, enhancement in the degree of phase separation, and predict improvement in electro-optical properties, as compared to di-block copolymer. Similarly upon such comparison, the study suggests the tri-block copolymer have a relative lower molecular interaction with the liquid crystal molecules.