黄麻/细旦粘胶/天丝混纺纱产品的开发

以黄麻纤维混纺纱为例,根据工艺试验和测试,就黄麻纤维性能、纺纱工艺等因素对黄麻纤维、细旦粘胶纤维和天丝纤维混纺纱质量的影响进行了分析,探讨了提高成纱质量的技术措施.     

预处理助剂对黄麻纤维性能的影响

文章研究了预处理助剂对黄麻纤维性能的影响。对黄麻纤维进行三种预处理：复配助剂处理、碱处理、水处理。分别测定了不同工艺条件下黄麻纤维的膨化率、断裂伸长率、断裂强力的变化。实验结果表明,经过复配助剂预处理的黄麻工艺纤维的膨化率显著提高,断裂强力适中,断裂伸长率显著提高。     

黄麻纤维细化工艺的探讨

黄麻纤维是现今令人十分关注的天然纤维素纤维之一。文章分析了传统黄麻纤维精细化方法的不足之处，提出了一种新型的化学物理相结合的精细化方法，拓展了黄麻纤维的运用范围，使之更可能应用于服饰。     

表面改性对黄麻纤维性能的影响

采用三种不同的化学处理剂,碱、KMnO4和硅烷偶联剂A-151分别对预处理黄麻纤维进行表面改性,测试了它们的基本性能,借助动态接触角分析了黄麻纤维的表面能变化,并通过SEM观察了不同处理后的纤维表面。研究结果表明：经过碱处理和A-151处理后黄麻纤维的回潮率和细度都明显降低;碱处理后,纤维的拉伸强度提高14．64％：黄麻纤维经过不同的表面处理后,纤维的表面能相应降低,微观结构发生改变。     

Effect of Curing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Nowadays, growing environmental concerns have led many researchers to work in the area of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites. In this work, jute fiber has been used as reinforcement and epoxy as matrix material to develop partially biodegradable green composite with the help of hand layup followed by compression molding technique. The effect of curing temperature ranging from 80°C to 130°C on different samples was investigated for various mechanical properties. Results obtained from the various tests indicate that with increase in curing temperature, impact strength decreases, but tensile and flexural strength increases and decreases thereafter attaining the maximum value at 100°C between aforementioned temperature range. The trend obtained for mechanical properties is further justified through the study of morphology with scanning electron microscopy, and optimum curing temperature has been suggested.     

黄麻纤维混纺纱交织物力学性能分析

探讨棉与黄麻棉混纺纱交织物的拉伸性能、顶破强力、耐磨性能,并与棉与亚麻棉混纺纱交织物进行对比。选取了1种亚麻棉混纺纱、5种不同混纺比的黄麻棉混纺纱与棉纱交织成6种试样,测试、分析、对比了其纬向断裂强力、纬向断裂伸长率、顶破强力、织物失重率。结果表明,同混纺比的黄麻棉混纺交织物与亚麻棉混纺交织物相比,其拉伸强力和顶破强力小,但其耐磨性能却较好;黄麻纤维含量的增加使交织物的拉伸强力和顶破强力下降。     

聚乙烯醇纤维对纸纱原纸性能的影响

在麻浆中加入聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维制备纸纱原纸,探究了抄造工艺条件对纸纱原纸性能的影响.结果 表明,较优的抄造工艺条件为:PVA纤维添加量2.0％,聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷(PAE)添加量2.4％,两性聚丙烯酰胺(AmPAM)添加量0.05％,烷基烯酮二聚体(AKD)添加量0.18％,打浆度75°SR,压光线压力15 N/mm...     

Studies on Mechanical and Morphological Characterization of Developed Jute/Hemp/Flax Reinforced Hybrid Composites for Structural Applications

In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop and characterize natural fiber-based composites (jute/epoxy, hemp/epoxy, flax/epoxy) and their hybrid composites (jute/hemp/epoxy, hemp/flax/epoxy, and jute/hemp/flax/epoxy) using hand-lay-up technique. Mechanical characterization (tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness test) of the developed composites was performed. The interface between fiber and matrix was examined using scan electron microscopy (SEM). Among (jute/epoxy, hemp/epoxy, flax/epoxy), flax/epoxy composite has shown higher hardness (98 Shore-D) and tensile strength (46.2 MPa) whereas better flexural and impact strength have been shown by hemp/epoxy (85.59 MPa) and jute/epoxy (7.68 kJ/m²) composites respectively. Results showed that hybrid composites observed better mechanical properties. Jute/hemp/flax/epoxy hybrid composite showed the highest tensile strength, modulus and impact strength of 58.59 MPa, 1.88 GPa, and 10.19, kJ/m², respectively. Jute/hemp/epoxy hybrid composite achieved the maximum flexural strength of 86.6 MPa.     

黄麻纤维的性能及服用织物开发前景

随着生态与环保意识的加强,黄麻纤维优良的抗菌舒适性能也引起了人们的关注。文章介绍了黄麻纤维的性能,并阐述了黄麻服用织物的发展前景。     

复合纱强伸性能的探讨

通过两组分相互合并复合纱的拉伸性能的研究，找出了决定复合纱断裂强力和断裂伸长率的主要因素，并建立了复合纱大变形和小变形下的力学模型。     

黄麻纤维毡增强复合材料的力学性能研究

文章对黄麻纤维进行表面处理,并制作纯黄麻纤维以及与碳纤维混杂的针刺毡;采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑法制备黄麻纤维毡增强乙烯基树脂复合材料,并测试其力学性能.结果表明:碱处理和双氧水处理后黄麻纤维表面杂质被去除,复合材料的界面性能得到改善,综合力学性能得到提高;黄麻/碳纤维混杂增强复合材料的拉伸性能提高更为显著,拉伸强度和拉伸模量比未处理纤维毡增强复合材料分别增加了146.2%和43.6%,但其弯曲性能却低于其他两种处理后的黄麻增强复合材料.     

短炭纤维增强酚醛树脂基石墨复合材料力学性能

以短炭纤维（Cf）为增强相,超细石墨（Gr）为填充组分,热固性酚醛树脂（PF）为基体,采用热模压法制备Cf—PF／Gr复合材料。使用万能材料试验机测定材料弯曲强度,利用扫描电子显微镜观察其断口形貌。研究了树脂、炭纤维含量及纤维空气氧化处理对Cf-PF／Gr复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：随着PF含量减少,复合材料弯曲强度降低,当PF含量小于20％时,材料力学性能明显变差;Cf含量增加,材料弯曲强度呈先增大后减少趋势,当纤维质量分数为4％时,材料弯曲强度达到极大值57MPa;炭纤维空气氧化处理能够明显改善纤维与基体的界面状态,提高复合材料弯曲强度。     

Effect of Chemical Treatment on Thermal,Mechanical and Degradation Behavior of Banana Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

ABSTRACT

The current research endeavor, explores the thermal, mechanical, and degradation behavior of alkaline treated banana fibers reinforced polypropylene composites. Composites incorporating BF (20% w: w) treated with NaOH (5% w: v) aqueous solution were developed using extrusion-injection molding processes. After chemical treatment, the tensile, flexural and impact strength of the composite increases by 3.8%, 5.17%, and 11.50%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations of tested specimens confirm the fiber pull out and fiber fracture as the main reasons for failure of developed composites under tensile and impact loading. The specimens were exposed to two different environments, water immersion and soil burial for 5 weeks for the degradation studies. The degradation behavior of composites was measured in terms of variation in weight and mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact). The maximum degradation in mechanical properties was observed for the composites buried under soil. The composite lost 7.69%, 12.06%, and 3.27% of tensile, flexural, and impact strength, respectively.     

Mechanical Response of Novel 3D Woven Flax Composites with Variation in Z Yarn Binding

ABSTRACT

This paper is focused on the development of novel 3D woven flax composites for improved mechanical performance. The 3D woven interlock fabrics were produced on dobby loom using novel weaving patterns, with variation in binding point density (four different levels). These fabric structures were then used to fabricate composites with green epoxy resin as a matrix. Tensile, flexural, short beam shear, impact (pendulum and drop weight) and compression after impact properties were characterized. It was found that 3D woven composites having higher binding point density showed overall improved mechanical behavior, i.e. the out-of-plane properties were enhanced whereas in-plane properties are either reduced or unaffected.     

黄麻纤维与棉混纺纱在纺织品中的产业化应用

由于黄麻纤维具有粗、短、直、硬的特性,不能纯纺成纱,为了使黄麻纤维能用于纺织产业,将黄麻纤维与棉纤维混纺,并对其前处理工艺条件、混纺工艺参数、实际应用等的进行了分析研究,结果表明:黄麻纤维与棉混纺具有较好的可纺性,且黄麻/棉纤维混纺纱可用于制织卡其布、家纺产品等。     

改善食品包装纸浆模塑材料的机械性能研究

为了拓展纸浆模塑餐具的纤维原料来源以及改善纸浆模塑材料的机械性能,本研究较系统地探讨了4种纤维原料的特性、打浆适应性、外添助剂及模压参数对纸浆模塑材料机械性能的影响。结果表明,与100%蔗渣浆相比,添加一定量的漂白化学竹浆、漂白化学针叶木浆、漂白化机阔叶木浆均能提升纸浆模塑材料的机械强度,其中阔叶木浆与蔗渣浆之间存在协同增效作用,相较于100%蔗渣浆,阔叶木浆与蔗渣浆以1∶1复配时使得纸浆模塑材料的抗张指数、耐破指数和挺度分别提高了22.0%、65.8%、12.4%;外添助剂中,改性淀粉的增强效果最好,相较于未添加助剂的蔗渣浆模塑材料,当其添加量为1.5%时,抗张指数、耐破指数、挺度分别提高了15.3%、28.3%、9.8%;纸浆模塑材料热压成型过程中,压力对其机械性能影响最大,实验条件下最佳模压参数为170℃、60 s、0.5 MPa。     

Review of Some Factors Influencing Jute Fiber Quality

Different factors that influence the production of quality jute fibers are presented. These include the soil, retting, and jute genotype. Several soil quality parameters influence fiber quality. Different aspects of retting, right from quality and quantity of retting water, microorganisms with balanced pectinolytic and xylanase activities with minimal or low cellulase activities, largely determine fiber quality. Efficient pectinolytic bacteria as well as fungi could be used in retting process. Future research needed in this respect has been expressed.     

Tencel纤维与棉混纺纱的开发

为了开发出价格低、性能好的Tencel棉混纺纱线,根据Tencel纤维的特性,通过设置恰当的混纺比,选用成本较低、平均长度为30.35 mm的3级细绒棉与Tencel纤维混纺,采用条混工艺,合理配置各工序工艺参数,成功开发出Tn/CJ 60/40 18.3 tex、14.6 tex混纺纱,总结了提高成纱质量的技术措施.     

Effect of Processing Conditions on Flexural Strength Properties of Chicken Feather Fibre (CFF) and Its Hybrid Composites with Polypropylene Resin

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the effect of molding temperature, pressure and time on the final compression-molded hybrid composites with polypropylene resin for its flexural strength. The results of tests conducted to characterize the hybrid composites developed with different proportion of fibers and processing conditions are discussed in this study. When comparing the overall results on the flexural strength of the composites, 25:75 Chicken Feather Fiber (CFF)/Jute composite showed highest flexural strength by keeping minimum temperature, maximum pressure and medium time. The influence of pressure on flexural strength is significant compared to temperature and time. As time increases the flexural strength decreases.     

聚乙烯醇增强纤维提高美纹纸原纸物理性能的研究

本研究主要探讨了聚乙烯醇(PVA)增强纤维对美纹纸原纸物理性能改善效果的影响。结果表明,当PVA增强纤维用量为1.5%时,美纹纸原纸的层间结合强度和抗张强度分别达到了337 J/m~2和7.35 kN/m,相比于空白样(未添加PVA增强纤维的美纹纸原纸)其增幅分别为40.4%和53.1%,同时对美纹纸原纸的其他物理性能并无明显负面影响。在对比实验中,加入1.5%增强剂500时,美纹纸原纸的层间结合强度和抗张强度分别提高了12.2%和6.5%,其增强效果并不显著。