泡沫夹层结构复合材料的研究进展

泡沫夹层结构复合材料是由面板(蒙皮)与轻质泡沫芯材组成的层状结构复合材料。该文从泡沫夹层结构的芯材种类、泡沫夹层结构复合材料的力学性能、电性能等方面综述了泡沫夹层结构复合材料近年来的研究现状。     

高速船玻璃钢夹层结构板拉压性能分析

<正> 1 前言玻璃钢夹层结构板主要用于船体甲板、舷侧板及底板。在船体总体弯曲时,甲板和底板承受拉压应力。夹层结构板在承受拉伸时,没有发挥夹层结构特性,其性能符合混合律。当芯子是无效芯材时,拉伸强度和刚度均由面板发挥,芯子的作用可以略去;当采用有效芯材时,可以按混合律公式计算强度和刚度。夹层结构板承受压缩时就大不一样了,充分呈现了夹层结构的力学特性,特别是侧压强度,不论是有效芯材还是无效芯     

航天航空泡沫夹层结构的设计

<正>1夹层结构的介绍夹层结构是一种层合复合材料的特殊形式,它是由不同材料相互粘接组合,通过利用各个组分的性能特点达到整个系统组成的结构优势。夹层结构一般是由上面板、上面板与芯材的粘结层、芯材、下面板与芯材的粘结层以及下面板所构成,这五个要素组成了一个整体的夹层结构。在构造上通常是采用厚度较薄、强度高、刚度大的材料作为面板,而用密度小、厚度较     

格构增强型复合材料夹层结构的制备与受力性能

真空导入成型工艺是一种新型的适合大型/异型复合材料结构件成型的技术.选用H-60 PVC泡沫、四轴向玻璃纤维布以及乙烯基酯树脂,通过在泡沫芯材上、下表面开槽,同时沿芯材厚度方向剖开,采用真空导入成型工艺制备出在结构上具有创新构型的格构增强型复合材料夹层结构.研究结果表明,真空导入成型工艺充模速度快、成型效益高;格构增强型复合材料夹层结构的剪切、平压与抗弯性能均较传统夹层结构得以提高;其格构腹板可有效抑制泡沫芯材剪切裂纹的扩展,避免面板与芯材的剥离破坏;阐明了格构增强型复合材料夹层结构的受弯极限承载能力.     

日本成功发射复合材料中间站

日本人造卫星发射装置H-11AF7成功发射一个大型复合材料中间站。中间站为圆筒形复合材料夹层结构，采用Degussa AG公司的高性能Rohacell聚甲基丙烯酰胺（PMI）发泡塑料作为：卷材。精细的热塑性发泡塑料PMI部分，用作芯材的预裁料坯。据DegussaAG公司称，由于是夹层结构，发泡塑料有助于防止该中间站弯曲。     

面板厚度对复合材料夹层梁整体及局部弯曲力学性能影响

考虑芯材局部压陷效应,对泡沫夹芯复合材料夹层梁整体及局部弯曲力学性能进行研究。分析了上面板厚度对夹层梁整体及局部弯曲力学性能影响规律。首先,对三种不同厚度上面板夹层梁进行三点弯曲试验,结果表明,夹层梁破坏模式为芯材压陷破坏和芯材剪切破坏;上面板厚度越大,夹层梁极限承载力越大;增大上面板厚度能有效减弱加载点位置芯材局部压陷效应。其次,基于考虑芯材竖向压缩变形的高阶剪切变形理论,对试验梁整体及局部弯曲受力机理进行分析,得到夹层梁上、下面板不同位置挠度及应变的分布规律。最后,对不同试验梁极限承载力进行理论分析,并与试验结果对比。     

透波材料的优化设计

本文通过常规树脂基体、玻纤织物增强材料和蜂窝芯材等主要原材料之间的优化复合设计,开展单板、三夹层结构和五夹层结构各形式复合材料之间的制作、电性测试与分析,优化设计出了一种新型兼顾电性、力学性能的功能型五夹层复合结构透波材料,满足了高性能舰载雷达宽频带、高透波等电性指标要求,同时还满足了其高比强、刚度的力学指标要求,解决了传统型设计和材料通常无法满足其电性能、强刚度、低成本制作的矛盾。     

芯材密度对复合材料夹层梁弯曲力学性能影响

研究了聚氨酯泡沫密度对复合材料夹层梁弯曲力学性能的影响。首先,对5种不同密度(48~413kg/m3)泡沫芯材复合材料夹层梁进行三点弯试验研究,结果表明,夹层梁极限承载力随芯材密度的增大而增大;当芯材密度大于等于199kg/m3时,继续增大泡沫密度,夹层梁极限承载力增加速度变慢;随着芯材密度的增加,夹层梁破坏模式由芯材压陷变为面板受压屈服破坏。其次,基于考虑芯材竖向压缩变形的高阶剪切变形理论,对不同试验梁弯曲受力机理进行弹性分析,得到夹层梁上、下面板挠度变化及应变分布规律,并与试验结果对比,验证了理论分析方法的正确性。最后,对试验过程中夹层梁典型的破坏模式进行极限承载力分析,提出其极限承载力计算公式,并与试验结果对比,结果吻合良好。     

高速船玻璃钢夹层结构件原材料力学性能分析

<正> 1 前言高速船玻璃钢夹层结构件的原材料分为五个部分:聚氨酯泡沫塑料(PU),聚氯乙烯泡沫塑料(PVC),多层胶合板、松木和玻璃钢单板。前面四种是芯材,起夹层结构件的支持作用,主要是保持面板间距,传递剪切力。PU、PVC 是无效芯材,他们对夹层结构件的拉压刚度及弯曲刚度的作用是可以忽略不计的。多层胶合板、松木是有效芯材,夹层结构件的拉压刚度及弯曲刚度应计及芯材本身的刚度。不论是有效芯材,还是无     

复合材料泡沫夹层结构的缺陷评定方法研究

本文以厚壁碳纤维复合材料为面板,硬质聚氨酯泡沫为芯材制造复合材料泡沫夹层结构,模拟实际生产过程中容易出现的面板与芯材之间界面的脱粘和界面胶层过厚的现象,采用人工制造试块的方法,研究了超声波探伤对夹层复合材料缺陷的评定方法,解决了实际检测过程中的疑问,为夹层复合材料结构产品的质量检验提供依据。得出了粘接良好区胶层过厚不会被判定为脱粘的结论。     

纤维增强塑料宽带天线罩性能估算公式分析

本文列举了纤维增强塑料以及夹层结构的电性能和力学性能的理论计算，并对这些估算公式用于宽带天线罩的设计计算进行了分析。     

中空夹芯复合材料在轨道交通内装上的应用

介绍了整体夹芯中空复合材料的基本特征,与传统夹层材料及实心玻璃钢的性能及工艺性进行比较,围绕轨道交通典型内装部件对材料结构、材料制备技术、中空复合材料应用技术、中空复合材料性能测试与表征技术进行研究,并对中空夹芯复合材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

Compressive characteristics of cellular solids produced using vacuum-microwave, freeze, vacuum and hot air dehydration methods

Dried cellular solids were produced using different hydrocolloids such as locust bean gum, low methoxy pectin, methyl cellulose and tapioca starch. They were dried to less than 5% (w.b) moisture content using freeze-drying, vacuum drying, vacuum microwave drying or air-drying methods. The dry cellular solids were subjected to uniaxial compression using a Texture analyzer to study the compressive characteristics. True stress–strain relationship curves were developed for the dry cellular solids produced by different drying methods. Hencky’s strain was calculated for true strain. Comparisons of samples dried by different drying methods were done in terms of their compressive characteristics at various water activities. No matter the type of drying, the dried materials were brittle at low water activity, plastic at medium water activity and elastomeric at higher water activity levels. Due to non-uniformity in air-dried samples and more closed pores in vacuum dried samples as well as less mechanical strength, these two were considered inferior for production of strong elastomeric foams. Microwave vacuum dried foams were mechanically the strongest. All the microwave vacuum dried samples were close in their Young’s modulus. Increases in microwave power did not make any appreciable changes in pore structures although higher microwave power levels resulted in faster drying.     

熔融沉积成型木塑复合夹层板的弯曲性能

采用熔融沉积成型(FDM)制造方法,以木塑复合线材为原料,利用3D打印软件Ultimaker Cura的“填充结构”功能设计网格、直线、三角形等13种芯层结构(二维6种、立体7种),并将其与纸板粘接得到木塑复合夹层板。利用三点弯曲测试,研究不同夹层板的破坏失效形式与弯曲性能。结果表明:木塑夹层板的失效模式主要有弹性变形、面板起皱、芯子剪切和芯子压溃。在13种芯层结构中,立体的同心3D芯层结构夹层板弯曲性能最佳,弯曲模量和静曲强度分别为159.56 MPa和4.85 MPa,分别是网格芯层结构夹层板的5.4倍和2.3倍,具有较强的抗弯曲变形能力,适合于设计制造轻质高强度制品。     

Collapse Mechanism of Foam Cored Sandwich Structures Under Compressive Load

In this work the moisture absorption capability, compressive properties, collapse modes of various types of composite sandwich structures are reported. The tested sandwich structures were constructed with varieties of hybridized skin materials and different compositions of the core materials. The moisture absorption, Flatwise compression and Edgewise compression tests are conducted for core as well as sandwich structures. Comparisons of results have been between the hybridized and non-hybridized sandwich structures. Two modes of collapse were noticed in the Edgewise compressive test, one of which being progressive end-crushing of the sandwich structure featured by significant crash energy absorption. This feature was highly desired for the parts of transportation vehicles. Microscopic analysis has been carried out to know the nature of failure under compressive loads. It has been observed that with increasing the debonding strength of the core–face interface, the failure mode changes from unstable collapse mode stable progressive crushing.     

The impact response of aluminum foam sandwich structures based on a glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene fiber-metal laminate

The fracture properties and impact response of a series of aluminum foam sandwich structures with the glass fiber–reinforced polypropylene-based fiber-metal laminate (FML) skins have been studied. Initially, the manufacturing process for producing the FML skins was optimized to obtain a strong bond between the composite plies and the aluminum layers. The degree of adhesion between the composite plies and the aluminum was characterized by conducting single cantilever beam tests. Here, it was found that the composites could be successfully bonded to the aluminum using a simple short stamping procedure. A detailed examination of the fracture surfaces indicated that crack propagation occurred within the composite ply in the fiber-metal laminates and along the composite-aluminum foam interface in the sandwich structures. The low velocity impact response of the FMLs and the sandwich structures was investigated using an instrumented drop-weight impact tower and a laser-Doppler velocimeter. The energy absorption characteristics of the sandwich structures were investigated along with the failure processes. Finally, a series of tensile tests on the damaged FMLs and thermoplastic sandwich structures showed that both systems offer promising residual load-bearing properties. Here, shear failure in the aluminum foam was observed in the sandwich structures, indicative of a strong bond between the FML skins and the aluminum core. Polym. Compos. 25:499–509, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

复合材料泡沫夹层结构力学性能与试验方法

本文讨论纤维增强复合材料与聚合物泡沫组成的夹层结构的刚度、强度及弯曲性能试验方法;分析了复合材料面层的弹性常数、泡沫芯层的模量和夹层结构的刚度;阐述了夹层结构的应力分布和常见的5种破坏模式;对夹层结构的疲劳强度和冲击时的力学行为进行了探讨.     

修复方式对蜂窝夹芯结构弯曲性能的影响

针对夹芯结构经常出现的三种损伤方式:单面板损伤、单面板和蜂窝损伤以及穿透性损伤,利用真空袋压工艺,采用高强玻璃布补片和Nomex蜂窝芯作为修补材料,通过复合材料胶接与挖补修复工艺对损伤结构进行修复,主要探讨了修复前后不同损伤孔径对其弯曲性能的影响。结果表明,三种损伤方式对蜂窝夹芯结构的最大载荷和弯曲刚度都有很大影响;三种损伤方式的夹芯结构的最大载荷和弯曲刚度都随着损伤孔径的增大而降低;用复合材料胶接与挖补工艺对三种损伤方式的夹芯结构进行修复,能大大提高受损结构的弯曲性能;修复后的最大弯曲载荷达到完好夹芯结构的80%以上,修复后的弯曲刚度达到完好夹芯结构的85%以上。     

Behavior of sandwich structures and spaced plates subjected to high‐velocity impacts

This work evaluates the behavior of sandwich and spaced plates subjected to high‐velocity impacts. The sandwich structures were made of glass/polyester face‐sheet and a PVC foam core. The spaced plates were made of two plates of the same material of the sandwich face‐sheet at a distance equal to the core thickness. The residual velocity, the ballistic limit, and the damage area were selected to compare the response of both structures. The residual velocity and ballistic limit was very similar in both cases. Nevertheless, the damage area of sandwich structures and spaced plates differed due to the dissimilar properties between the sandwich core and the air inside of the spaced plates. An analytical model, based on energy criteria, was applied to estimate the residual velocity of the projectile, the absorbed energy by each face‐sheet, and the ballistic limit in the spaced plates. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers