2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸的极谱行为研究

用线性扫描极谱法研究了2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸(又名BP-4)的极谱行为。在2.0 mol/L H2SO4溶液中,BP-4产生还原波,波形好,其二阶导数峰电位为-0.93 V(vs.SCE),峰电流与其浓度在1.0×10-7～1.0×10-5mol/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为ip″(nA/s2)=187.5 1.558×108c,相关系数r=0.9996。初步讨论了电极过程及电极反应机理,该波为不可逆波。     

2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮的极谱行为

用线性扫描极谱法研究了在不同缓冲体系中2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮(简称BP-12)的极谱行为。实验表明,在2mol/L的H2SO4溶液中,BP-12的二阶导数峰电位为-0.92V,BP-12在两个浓度范围内与峰电流呈线性关系。在3×10-5~4×10-5mol/L的范围内,线性方程为ip″(nA/s2)=-2796.8 1.123×108c(mol/L),相关系数为0.9915;在1×10-6~9×10-6mol/L范围内,BP-12的浓度的对数值与电流成线性关系,线性方程为ip″(nA/s2)=669.60 94.69lgc(mol/L),相关系数为0.9972。BP-12的常规循环伏安曲线表明,该极谱波为不可逆还原波。初步讨论了电极反应机理。     

2,2′,4,4′-四羟基二苯甲酮的极谱行为研究

用线性扫描极谱法系统研究了2,2′,4,4′-四羟基二苯甲酮(BP-2)在不同缓冲体系中的极谱行为.实验表明,在2.5 mol/L的H2SO4溶液中BP-2的二阶导数峰电位为-1.06 V,其峰电流与浓度在5.0×10-6mol/L～3.0×10-5mol/L的对数值有良好的线性关系,线性方程ip″(nA/s2)=19 096.79+745.75×lg c(mol/L),相关系数为0.993 6.BP-2的微分循环伏安曲线表明,该极谱波为不可逆还原波.     

2,2,＇4,4＇-四羟基二苯甲酮的极谱行为研究

用线性扫描极谱法系统研究了2,2,＇4,4＇-四羟基二苯甲酮（BP-2）在不同缓冲体系中的极谱行为。实验表明,在2.5 mol/L的H2SO4溶液中BP-2的二阶导数峰电位为-1.06 V,其峰电流与浓度在5.0×10^-6mol/L-3.0×10^-5mol/L的对数值有良好的线性关系,线性方程ip＂（nA/s^2）=19 096.79＋745.75×lgc（mol/L）,相关系数为0.993 6。BP-2的微分循环伏安曲线表明,该极谱波为不可逆还原波。     

防晒剂2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的极谱行为研究

用线性扫描极谱法研究了2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮分别在B-R缓冲溶液中的极谱行为。实验表明,在pH4.30的B-R缓冲溶液中,2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的二阶导数峰电位为-1.20V(vs.SCE),二阶导数峰电流与其浓度在5.0×10-7mol.L-1~8.0×10-6mol.L-1内有良好线性关系,线性方程为ip″(nA.s-2)=45.48+1.034×108c(mol.L-1),线性相关系数为0.9999,为不可逆吸附波。     

β-环糊精修饰碳糊电极测定汞离子

本文探讨了制备β-环糊精修饰碳糊电极,用循环伏安法研究了修饰碳糊电极测定汞离子的优化条件及其电化学稳定性。实验结果表明,在pH=2.2的B-R缓冲溶液中,当Hg2+在电极表面富集300s,在100mV/s的电位扫描速度下,修饰电极的循环伏安图上出现了一个明显的氧化峰,峰电位为0.606V,峰电流与Hg2+的浓度在1.0×10-8mol/L 1.0×10-4mol/L的范围内成良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9965,检出限为5.857×10-8mol/L。     

甲基环糊精-对叔丁基酚包络物电化学研究及应用

本文主要研究了甲基-β-环糊精-对叔丁基酚包络物的极谱行为。在0.05mol/L的KCl底液中,甲基-?-环糊精-对叔丁基酚包络物在2.5次微分极谱仪上产生还原波,其峰电位为-0.85V(vs.SCE),其峰电位随对叔丁基酚浓度的增大而负移,峰形稳定;并且峰电流与对叔丁基酚浓度在1.0×10-5mol/L~6.0×10-5mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,检测下限为1.0×10-5mol/L。     

过硫酸钾存在下的盐酸胺碘酮极谱催化波及其应用

基于K2S2O8存在下盐酸胺碘酮(ADHC)产生的极谱催化波,拟定了测定ADHC的新方法。在0.15mol/LKH2PO4Na2HPO4(pH5.6) 8.0×10-5mol/LK2S2O8底液中,ADHC于-1.32V(vs.SCE)产生的极谱催化波的二阶导数峰电流ip″与其浓度在8.0×10-8～4.0×10-7mol/L及4.0×10-7～8.0×10-5mol/L呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程分别为ip″/μA·s-2=-3.95 9.51×107cADHC(r=0.9939,n=7),ip″/μA·s-2=104.6 2.92×107cADHC(r=0.9958,n=7),检出限为2.70×10-8mol/L。该催化波的分析灵敏度比相应还原波提高了5倍左右,该方法用于测定ADHC的含量,结果满意。     

环丙沙星-锌（Ⅱ）的配合物吸附波

用极谱和伏安法研究了环丙沙星与锌离子配合物的性质及其电化学行为。在0．2moL／L的KCl-BR缓冲溶液中（pH=8．0）,环丙沙星与锌离子产生灵敏的配合吸附波,峰电位Ep=-1．22V。锌离子与环丙沙星的配合比为1：2。实验表明该峰为不可逆的还原波。峰电流与环丙沙星的浓度存在良好的线性关系,线性范围为3．65×10^-7 moL／L～1．95×10^-5moL／L,相关系数r=0．9995,检出限2．4×10^-7moL／L。可用于片剂及滴眼液中环丙沙星的测定。     

酸性铬蓝K的电化学行为及其与β-环糊精超分子体系的研究

本文研究了酸性铬蓝K的极谱分析法.结果表明,在pH=10.0的NH3-NH4Cl底液中,酸性铬蓝K产生-峰形好、稳定、灵敏的还原峰,其峰电位约为-0.56 V(vs SCE),峰电流及二阶导数极谱峰高随酸性铬蓝K浓度变化的线性范围在8.0×10-8mol/L-3.0×10-5mol/L(r=0.996～0.9999),检测限为2.0×10-8mol/L,精密度RSD=0.646%(n=10).标准回收率在99.4%～103.4%之间,平均回收率为100.97%,可望用于酸性铬蓝K的定量分析.此外,本文还研究了β-环糊精时酸性铬蓝K电化学行为的影响和超分子体系;利用等摩尔系列法测定了酸性铬蓝K与β-环糊精形成的包结物的包结比为1:1,用电流法测定其包结常数为33.4 L/mol;并且测定了酸性铬蓝K的还原峰电流和扫描速度、客体浓度及pH值的关系,峰电位与pH值的关系,初步讨论电极反应机理.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。