重新认识鸡蛋

近年来,越来越多的人将鸡蛋视作引起高血压、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病等疾病的元凶,原因就是其含有较高的胆固醇,使原本就有上述疾病的患者觉得,再吃鸡蛋,简直就是“火上浇油”。不少人开始对鸡蛋敬而远之,甚至“谈蛋色变”。还有研究发现,过量摄入胆固醇会使血液中胆固醇含量升高,心脑血管疾病的发生与血胆固醇升高密切相关,而鸡蛋恰恰是一种含胆固醇很多的食物。真是这样吗？     

植物甾醇及添加植物甾醇乳制品降低心脑血管疾病风险的功能性评价

本研究对植物甾醇（phytosterol,PS）、植物甾醇酯（phytosterol ester,PSE）及其相关乳制品进行降低心血管疾病风险方面的功能性评价,并为指导植物性化学物质和养心乳制品（Yangxin dairy,YXD）的实际使用提供科学依据。SD大鼠被分为9 组,每组10 只。正常对照组、模型组大鼠分别喂养正常饲料和高脂饲料,灌胃0.9%生理盐水,PS、PSE、YXD和安慰剂组高脂喂养的同时连续灌胃PS（23.6、47.2 mg/mL）、PSE（23.6、47.2 mg/mL）、YXD（30、60 g/250 mL）和花生油 4 周。4 周后处死所有大鼠取样本进行检测。结果发现,大鼠总胆固醇含量明显降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量呈剂量依赖性增加。这些干预方式会对降低甘油三酸酯的水平、总抗氧化能力和丙二醛含量有一定影响,但效果不稳定。在肝脏和病理切片的相应指标测定结果中也有相同的趋势。PSE和YXD能有效地降低心脑血管疾病风险。此外,本研究证实YXD在降低心血管疾病风险、保护肝脏和血管的效果方面较突出。     

鸡蛋中胆固醇快速测定测定方法的研究

利用甲醇氯仿液提取样品中胆固醇，然后用邻苯二甲醛显色。该法具有成本低，省时，省力，方法稳定，重复性好，无需特殊设备等特点，与经典方法比较，无显著性差异。     

中成药在心脑血管疾病治疗中的应用现状

心脑血管疾病是一种常见的疾病,对人体健康危害性极大。随着社会的进步,人民生活水平的不断提高,生活方式发生了巨大的变化,导致引起心血管病产生危险因素随之增加,严重地威胁患者的身心健康,目前心脑血管疾病具有高发病率,高死亡率,高致残率成为此类疾病的主要特点。中成药在治疗心血管疾病上有其独特的理论及防治体系。本文旨在对中成药在心脑血管疾病治疗中的应用情况做出概述。     

燕麦制品降低有氧运动诱发心脑血管疾病风险

为了研究燕麦制品在缓解中等强度有氧运动产生的心脑血管风险中的应用,选取40名社区居民作为实验对象进行实验,观察组实验对象连续服用燕麦制品3个月,之后进行运动风险指标检测。结果表明:通过对运动风险指标检测,观察组实验对象的细胞因子,心肌酶表达水平变化情况,心率血压变化情况、颈动脉内膜厚度检测、心率变异性分析、脑血管血液流动学检测结果均较对照组居民发生明显改善,P0.05,差异显著。所有研究对象在实验过程中均未发生任何不良反应,证明燕麦制品可以缓解中等强度有氧运动产生的心脑血管风险,并具有一定的安全性。     

杂粮中改善心脑血管疾病功效成分研究进展

心脑血管疾病是一种常见的非传染性慢性疾病,严重困扰着中老年人的身心健康.杂粮中含有多种可预防和治疗心脑血管疾病的生物活性成分,很多专家和学者进行了这方面的研究.综述了近年来杂粮膳食调节心脑血管疾病的最新研究成果和其在防治心脑血管疾病的活性成分及相关作用机理,可为进一步研究和开发辅助调节心脑血管疾病的杂粮食品提供理论依据...     

美国降低胆固醇鸡蛋问世

在鸡饲料中加入特殊物质能使鸡生出的蛋更富营养，还能产出低胆固醇、预防心血管病的保健蛋。美国得克萨斯州养禽专家在鸡饲中喂食亚麻子、鱼油、豆油，测定生下的蛋，除含有特殊脂肪酸和维生素E外，还具有降低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(坏胆固醇)的作用。我国台湾地区也在进行低胆固醇鸡蛋的类似研究。台湾大学微生物研究所研究人员用红曲饲料喂养蛋鸡，     

不同饲料喂养鸡蛋中胆固醇的含量测定

对A,B,C,D四组不同饲料喂养新鲜鸡蛋的胆固醇含量进行测定,比较鸡蛋的平均重量、蛋清相对重量、蛋黄相对重量、蛋壳相对重量、蛋壳厚度.筛选出胆固醇含量较低的营养保健型鸡蛋.结果表明:A、B组的胆固醇含量偏高.C和D组的胆固醇含量较低,所有其他检测指标基本上没有差异.综合营养和经济因素,D组的鸡蛋更适宜于加工生产.     

Alcohol Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Cheers,Tears, or Both?

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of shorter life expectancy and loss of quality of life worldwide. Thus, any influence of diet or life habits on the cardiovascular system may have important implications for public health. Epidemiological studies have shown that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Moreover, high alcohol intake implies an increased risk for numerous health outcomes. To fully understand the relation between light-to-moderate drinking and CVD, the role of drinking patterns, beverage types, and genetic variations influencing alcohol metabolism should be further examined. The aim of this review article is to present current knowledge with respect to the effect of alcohol intake on CVD risk.     

Impact of Probiotics on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases. A Review

Probiotic microorganisms have historically been used to rebalance disturbed intestinal microbiota and to diminish gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea or inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis). Recent studies explore the potential for expanded uses of probiotics on medical disorders that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, such as obesity, hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, and metabolic disturbances such as hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress. This review aims at summarizing the proposed molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in probiotic–host interactions and to identify the nature of the resulting beneficial effects. Specific probiotic strains can act by modulating immune response, by producing particular molecules or releasing biopeptides, and by modulating nervous system activity. To date, the majority of studies have been conducted in animal models. New investigations on the related mechanisms in humans need to be carried out to better enable targeted and effective use of the broad variety of probiotic strains.     

禽蛋中胆固醇的酶催化分光光度测定法研究

本实验建立一种禽蛋中胆固醇含量快速测定方法--酶催化分光光度法。禽蛋匀浆液由直接皂化法处理,经酶工作液催化后,用分光光度法于波长500nm 处测定其含量。方法回收率均在90% 以上,变异系数均低于4%,线性范围20～600mg/ml,具有良好的准确度与精密度,适合禽蛋中胆固醇含量的快速测定。     

Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Risk: Beyond Traditional Risk Factors

A strict adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has repeatedly been linked to a low risk of cardiovascular disease in several situations. Initially, the mechanisms considered as possible causes of this were based on the effects of this dietary pattern on the so-called traditional risk factors (especially lipids and blood pressure). However, the high relative reduction in the prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were not proportional to the limited findings about regulation of those traditional risk factors. In addition to several studies confirming the above effects, current research on the MedDiet is being focused on defining its effects on non-traditional risk factors, such as endothelial function, inflammation, oxidative stress, or on controlling the conditions which predispose people to cardiovascular events, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the current article, after briefly reviewing the known effects of the MedDiet on the traditional risk factors, we will mainly focus on reviewing the current evidence about the effects that this dietary pattern exerts on alternative factors, including postprandial lipemia or coagulation, among others, as well as providing a short review on future directions.     

Cheese and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Review of the Evidence and Discussion of Possible Mechanisms

Currently, the effect of dairy products on cardiovascular risk is a topic much debated and with conflicting results. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the existing literature regarding the effect of cheese intake and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies included reporting the intake of cheese and risk of CVD or risk markers of CVD represent four human intervention studies, nine prospective studies, one prospective case-cohort study, one prospective nested case-control study, five case-control studies, five cross-sectional studies and three correlation studies. The possible mechanisms that may be of importance include calcium, protein, fermentation and the fatty acid composition of cheese. Results from four prospective studies reported no association between cheese intake and CVD risk, whereas one reported an increased risk, two reported a decreased risk and one reported no association in men but a decreased risk in women. In addition, results from four intervention studies indicated no harmful effect on cholesterol concentrations when comparing fat intake from cheese with fat from butter. The underlying mechanisms for these findings still need to be elucidated.     

茶多酚对心血管保护作用的研究进展

2015年世界卫生组织报道,心血管疾病已成为全球的主要死因之一,死于心血管疾病的人数逐年上升。大量实验证明茶多酚在抗动脉粥样硬化、降血压、降血脂、心肌保护、血管保护、抗心律失常和心肌缺血再灌注损伤等心血管保护作用方面均有较好的效果。本文对近年来茶多酚在防治心血管疾病方面的研究进展进行综述,概述了其心血管防护作用及机理,分析了我国茶多酚的研究现状,并对茶多酚的应用前景进行了展望,旨在为茶多酚在心血管疾病防治方面的应用提供参考。