淀粉基可生物降解纤维的研究进展

淀粉基可生物降解材料已成为材料研究的热点.概述了淀粉的结构与性能,介绍了几种常见的淀粉改性方法,着重综述了淀粉纤维的研究现状,指出了目前淀粉纤维的应用领域,更为广阔的应用领域尚待开拓,研究亟待深入.最后阐明了淀粉纤维与传统的可降解高分子成纤材料的结合使用,将是淀粉基生物可降解纤维的发展方向.     

全生物降解淀粉塑料的研究进展

介绍了全生物降解淀粉塑料的研究目的和意义,综述了国内外对全淀粉材料、淀粉/可降解聚合物和淀粉/天然高分子共混物3种全生物降解淀粉塑料的研究进程,最后提出全生物降解淀粉塑料研究中存在的不足,并且对全生物降解淀粉塑料进行了展望。     

淀粉薄膜的研究进展

近年来,随着绿色环保的发展,淀粉薄膜因其来源广泛、价格低廉、完全可生物降解而备受关注。介绍了淀粉薄膜的研究意义及目的,综述了淀粉薄膜的制备工艺和纳米材料增强淀粉薄膜的研究进展,包括淀粉薄膜的生产原理、工艺优势和不同纳米增强材料对淀粉薄膜的影响,最后分析了淀粉薄膜研究中存在的问题,并对淀粉薄膜的发展进行了展望。未来研究可注重淀粉热塑性成膜工艺和纳米填料的理化改性,纳米材料协同增强将是淀粉薄膜重要的发展方向。     

淀粉基可降解塑料的研究进展

简述了淀粉基塑料的三个大类,主要介绍可完全降解的聚乳酸淀粉塑料、聚乙烯醇淀粉塑料、聚己内酯淀粉塑料,全淀粉塑料。分析了淀粉基塑料存在的主要问题、国内外的研究现状、研究热点,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

超高压对淀粉多尺度结构影响的研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

超高压是一种重要的淀粉物理改性技术,淀粉在超高压处理过程中其不同层次结构呈现出不同的变化规律,这些变化可以反映淀粉的改性效果并进一步影响淀粉的应用。文中综述了超高压对不同种类淀粉颗粒显微结构、层状结构、结晶结构和分子结构等多尺度结构的影响,并对超高压改性淀粉相关研究方向进行了展望,提出低于糊化压力处理过程中淀粉颗粒内部结构变化以及淀粉分子精细结构变化等方面的研究是后续研究的重点。     

接枝变性淀粉浆料的研究现状及进展

介绍了接枝变性淀粉浆料的研究现状,分析了当前接枝变性淀粉浆料研究中存在的优缺点,并剖析研究进展缓慢的原因,指出接枝变性淀粉浆料的研究还存在着诸多不完善之处,需进行系统研究,以促进接枝变性淀粉浆料的发展。     

淀粉胶粘剂的改性研究

淀粉胶粘剂应用历史久远,由于纯淀粉胶粘剂具有粘接强度低、耐湿性差和干燥速率慢等缺点,作为天然高分子的淀粉的改性成为近年来的研究热点.本文从氧化、醚化、酯化、交联和接枝共聚等方面综述了近年来淀粉胶粘剂的研究现状,对淀粉胶粘剂的未来发展提出了看法.     

超高压对淀粉多尺度结构影响的研究进展

超高压是一种重要的淀粉物理改性技术,淀粉在超高压处理过程中其不同层次结构呈现出不同的变化规律,这些变化可以反映淀粉的改性效果并进一步影响淀粉的应用。文中综述了超高压对不同种类淀粉颗粒显微结构、层状结构、结晶结构和分子结构等多尺度结构的影响,并对超高压改性淀粉相关研究方向进行了展望,提出低于糊化压力处理过程中淀粉颗粒内部结构变化以及淀粉分子精细结构变化等方面的研究是后续研究的重点。     

热塑性淀粉基生物分解材料研究进展

热塑性淀粉具有完全可生物降解的特性,成为近年来环保领域的重要研究方向之一.介绍了几种常见淀粉的微观形貌,重点阐述了热塑性淀粉和其它合成聚合物复合体系的研究现状,总结了热塑性淀粉与天然聚合物复合体系新进展,最后提出了该材料的发展趋势.     

国外可降解淀粉发泡材料最新研究进展

主要综述了国外可降解环保型淀粉发泡材料的研究现状,阐述了淀粉挤出发泡和烘焙发泡以及淀粉基聚氨酯泡沫塑料的最新研究进展.同时也概述了超临界熔体挤出法应用于淀粉发泡的最新研究成果和淀粉发泡过程的模型建立,为淀粉发泡材料的进一步工业化应用提供了一定的参考.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.