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目前对微孔滤膜堵塞机理的研究主要是基于对滤膜堵塞试验数据分析所得的堵塞指数,而从虚拟仿真角度使滤膜堵塞过程可视化则有利于人们对滤膜堵塞机理的深刻认识。以10μm微孔滤膜为分析对象,基于FLOW-3D对膜孔尺寸附近的颗粒相对于微孔滤膜的摆放位置及倾斜角度与膜孔堵塞的关系,以及颗粒与膜孔间的架桥截留等进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,短径大于膜孔尺寸的颗粒一定会被膜孔截留,短径小于膜孔尺寸的颗粒通常情况下均会通过膜孔,除非该颗粒恰好位于膜孔上方、短径与膜孔尺寸相近且长径与膜孔平行。堵孔后的颗粒表面会承受较大的液体压力。小颗粒与大颗粒的组合会形成稳定的架桥,架桥是长短径均小于膜孔尺寸颗粒的主要沉积形式。呈一定尺寸分布的颗粒在通过滤膜微孔时,大颗粒拦截首先发生,然后才是小颗粒之间的架桥,这两个机理联合作用导致膜孔堵塞。实际污染样液对滤膜微孔的堵塞结果验证了仿真分析的正确性。仿真结果可为基于滤膜堵塞法的油液污染颗粒定量检测模型研究提供参考。 相似文献
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滤膜堵塞型传感器可以半定量地评价油液的固体颗粒污染度,其关键元件为金属微孔滤膜。为了获得性价比较高的金属微孔滤膜,选择600目斜纹不锈钢丝网为镀覆基材,研究所选不锈钢丝网表面化学镀镍的工艺流程,通过扫描电镜(LEO1450 VP)和能谱分析仪(INCA ENERGY 300)分析镀层成分、镀层与基材的结合情况以及微孔滤膜的微孔及丝径尺寸。结果表明,本研究工艺下制备的微孔滤膜镀层为低磷镀层,抗拉强度为400~700 MPa,硬度为580 HV,镀层与基体材料结合牢固。镀覆20 min和30 min后可获得微孔尺寸分别为14?m和10?m的微孔滤膜,且丝径镀覆厚度均匀一致,微孔大小也均匀一致。利用所研制的金属微孔滤膜制成滤膜堵塞型传感器,配制样液分别对该传感器的重复性精度和污染度检测精度进行检验,结果表明,微孔滤膜传感器具有较好的重复性精度,对油液中固体颗粒污染度等级的测定结果与实际值完全一致,因此所研制的金属微孔滤膜可以满足滤膜堵塞型传感器的使用要求。 相似文献
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固体污染物粒度分布参数对油液污染度影响的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
推导了油液中固体污染物粒度概率分布密度函数与油液NAS 1 638固体颗粒污染度间的关系 ,讨论了污染物粒度均值 μ和均方差σ对油液污染度的影响。结果表明 :NAS 1 638固体颗粒污染度G的大小取决于污染物的浓度和污染物的粒度分布 ;NAS 1 638固体颗粒污染度G随污染物粒度均值 μ和均方差σ的增大而增大 ;粒度较小的区间所对应的区间污染度Gi,j对较小的污染物粒度均值 μ和均方差σ变化较敏感 ,反之亦然 ;与系统敏感污染物尺度相对应的NAS 1 638固体颗粒区间污染度Gi,j比油液的固体颗粒污染度G更合理 相似文献
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微孔滤膜传感器的高成本制约了以微孔滤膜为传感元件的便携式油液污染检测仪的推广使用。该研究提出用光亮硫酸盐镀铜的方法来制备微孔滤膜传感器的关键元件—金属微孔滤膜,该方法成本较低,且易操作。该研究选择600目平纹不锈钢丝网为镀覆基材,研究了所选不锈钢丝网表面电镀铜的工艺流程,分析了镀层与基材的结合情况以及微孔滤膜的微观结构和尺寸。结果表明,镀层与基体材料结合牢固,镀覆40分钟后可获得膜孔尺寸为10 μm的微孔滤膜,且丝径镀覆厚度均匀一致,膜孔大小也均匀一致,可以满足介质堵塞型传感器的使用要求。 相似文献
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为提高液压油污染度检测的智能化,提出基于滤膜阻塞技术和液位图像处理相结合进行油液污染度检测的方法。制定了油液污染度检测的总体方案,对用到的部分元件行了简单介绍。研究了利用图像处理技术获得被测液在恒压下通过滤膜的流量衰减曲线的方法,建立了流量衰减曲线与被测液颗粒浓度关系的数学模型,介绍了利用该模型进行污染度定量检测的方法。对同一被测液分别利用颗粒计数器法和该方法进行污染度检测,测试结果表明,尽管颗粒尺寸分布数据和计数器检测结果存在一定误差,但测得的污染度等级相同,说明该方法及检测模型可以满足工程中对油液污染度检测精度的要求。 相似文献
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三种常用油液污染度表示法之间关系的理论研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
理论推导了油液固体污染颗粒粒度概率密度、污染颗粒数量、ISO 4406污染度、NAS 1638固体颗粒污染度及污染颗粒质量之间的关系。算例表明,在常见污染范围里,油液的ISO 4406污染度与NAS 1638固体颗粒污染度之间近似呈线性关系;NAS 1638固体颗粒污染度随油液中固体污染物质量的增加而增加,两者大体呈指数关系。 相似文献
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液压系统的工作可靠性与油液的清洁度有密切关系,固体颗粒和水是液压油中污染物的重要组成成分,因而对于这两相的滤除是提高油液清洁度的关键。该研究基于一种新型超重力净油装置,借助于计算流体力学(CFD)软件FLUENT对该装置内涉及的两类流场--超重力流场及旋流分离流场进行数值仿真分析研究。通过获取旋流场内的固 液分离特性及超重力场内的液 液分离特性,进而对超重力净油装置的净油效果进行综合评估。仿真结果表明,该种新型超重力净油装置能有效去除液压油内5 μm左右的固体颗粒污染物和其中含有的水分,该研究的实施为提高我国污染控制水平提供一种新思路。 相似文献
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Spherical and irregular microparticles both in the size of 5 μm were put into the de-ionized water respectively to form different suspensions, and vibrating cavitation experiments were performed in the two kinds of suspensions. After the experiment, the damages on the specimen surfaces were measured and free radicals in suspensions were detected. It was found that suspensions with particles cause more severe cavitation erosion than those without particles. Compared with a spherical particle, the shape of the irregular particle has little effect on the number of the cavities, but it causes abrasion on the solid surface besides the cavitation erosion. 相似文献
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Solid lubricant nanoparticles in suspension in oil are good lubricating options for practical machinery. In this article, we select a range of dispersants, based on their polar moieties, to suspend 50-nm molybdenum disulfide particles in an industrial base oil. The suspension is used to lubricate a steel on steel sliding contact. A nitrogen-based polymeric dispersant (aminopropyl trimethoxy silane) with a free amine group and an oxygen-based polymeric dispersant (sorbital monooleate) when grafted on the particle charge the particle negatively and yield an agglomerate size which is almost the same as that of the original particle. Lubrication of the contact by these suspensions gives a coefficient of friction in the ~0.03 range. The grafting of these surfactants on the particle is shown here to be of a chemical nature and strong as the grafts survive mechanical shear stress in tribology. Such grafts are superior to those of other silane-based test surfactants which have weak functional groups. In the latter case, the particles bereft of strong grafts agglomerate easily in the lubricant and give a coefficient of friction in the 0.08?C0.12 range. This article investigates the mechanism of frictional energy dissipation as influenced by the chemistry of the surfactant molecule. 相似文献
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锂离子液流电池是一种新型可充电池,其电极悬浮液的电子电导率直接影响电池的充放电性能。研究针对电极颗粒为球形导电颗柱的静态电极悬浮液,通过建立电极颗粒导电网络的统计模型,分析电极颗粒连通率及平均接触数,计算其电子电导率随颗粒含量的变化关系。设计了一种导电通路搜索算法,结合电阻网络法进行计算机模拟。结果显示,当导电电极颗粒含量达16vol%左右时,电极悬浮液开始具有连续的电子导电特征。悬浮液电子电导率随电板颗粒含量的增加而增大。当导电电极颗粒含量为40vol%时,悬浮液电子电导率可达固态密实电极的50%。 相似文献
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液固两相流动广泛存在于工业过程中,其粒径分布信息在线测量对生产优化与控制十分重要。超声法作为无扰动式多相流动参数测量方法,其衰减特性与固相颗粒粒径、体积分数等密切相关,可用于实现粒径分布在线测量。本文搭建液固两相介质超声衰减实验装置,装置采用石英砂作为固相颗粒,自来水为液相,利用线性调频超声信号激励研究液固两相介质的超声衰减特性。实验结果表明,随着激励频率和固相体积分数的升高,超声衰减系数逐渐增加,采用Twomey及遗传算法等对液固两相介质粒径分布进行反演,测试结果与马尔文激光粒度分析仪的粒径分布结果相比,相关系数为0.918。 相似文献
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Jae-Hyun Ku Hyun-Ho Cho Jeong-Hwan Koo Suk-Goo Yoon Jae-Keun Lee 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2000,14(10):1159-1167
Particles in liquid-solid suspension flow might enhance or suppress the rate of heat transfer and turbulence depending on their size and concentration, The heat transfer characteristics of liquid-solid suspension in turbulent flow are not well understood due to the complexibility of interaction between solid particles and turbulence of the carrier fluid. In this study, the heat transfer coefficients of liquid-solid mixtures are investigated using a double pipe heat exchanger with suspension flows in the inner pipe. Experiments are carried out using spherical fly ash particles with mass median diameter ranging from 4 to 78 μm. The volume concentration of solids in the slurry ranged from 0 to 50% and Reynolds number ranged from 4,000 to 11,000. The heat transfer coefficient of liquid-solid suspension to water flow is found to increase with decreasing particle diameter. The heat transfer coefficient increases with particle volume concentration exhibiting the highest heat transfer enhancement at the 3% solid volume concentration and then gradually decreases. A correlation for heat transfer to liquid-solid flows in a horizontal pipe is presented. 相似文献
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Friesen FQ John B Skinner CH Roquemore AL Calle CI 《The Review of scientific instruments》2011,82(5):053502
The ability to manage inventories of carbon, tritium, and high-Z elements in fusion plasmas depends on means for effective dust removal. A dust conveyor, based on a moving electrostatic potential well, was tested with particles of tungsten, carbon, glass, and sand. A digital microscope imaged a representative portion of the conveyor, and dust particle size and volume distributions were derived before and after operation. About 10 mm(3) volume of carbon and tungsten particles were moved in under 5 s. The highest driving amplitude tested of 3 kV was the most effective. The optimal driving frequency was 210 Hz (maximum tested) for tungsten particles, decreasing to below 60 Hz for the larger sand particles. Measurements of particle size and volume distributions after 10 and 100 cycles show the breaking apart of agglomerated carbon and the change in particle distribution over short timescales (<1 s). 相似文献