毛细管电泳芯片高压电源系统

以STN32F103微控制器为核心,采用集成的高压模块,设计了用于毛细管电泳芯片检测的高压电源系统.通过闭环反馈对高压模块的输出进行控制,提高了输出电压的稳定性.采用继电器阵列电路实现了电极的快速切换,减少了人为因素的干预.用户可以通过键盘设置进样、分离过程中的电压和时间,通过LCD实时显示当前的电压值.实现了由O～5V控制0～5 000 V的三路连续可调电压输出,输出电压相对误差小于0.3％,最大输出电流为0.25 mA.系统具有体积小、输出电压稳定、自动化程度较高等优点,能够满足毛细管电泳芯片检测的需要.     

垂直层叠结构的LED诱导荧光检测系统

为进一步减小光源的体积及简化光路系统结构,消除毛细管电泳芯片激光诱导荧光检测系统中激发光源的反射光和杂散光的干扰,降低系统的检测限,设计并建立了基于偏振隔离结构的垂直层叠式发光二极管诱导荧光检测系统。整个系统由发光二极管光源、两片线性偏振片、多通道毛细管电泳芯片、针孔、电荷耦合器件、高压电源、数据采集卡及数据处理单元等组成。在系统条件最优化的情况下,对罗丹明B样品溶液进行了毛细管电泳分离实验。     

光纤嵌入式电泳芯片激光诱导荧光检测系统

为进一步减小光源的体积及简化光路系统结构,使检测结果脱离个人计算机的依赖,设计并建立了基于ARM9微处理器的光纤嵌入式毛细管电泳芯片激光诱导荧光检测系统。整个系统由半导体泵浦固体激光器、带光纤通道的毛细管电泳芯片、多模光纤、滤光片、高压电源、光子计数器及嵌入式开发平台等组成。在系统条件最优化的情况下,对不同浓度的罗丹明B样品溶液进行了电泳分离实验,通过Win CE平台上的触摸式LCD显示检测结果。     

低电压驱动毛细管电泳芯片电势分布的数值计算

低电压驱动阵列电极式毛细管电泳芯片是针对毛细管电泳芯片分离电压高、系统体积庞大的缺点,在原有芯片的结构上进行改进的电泳芯片.通过建立数学模型,计算了设置阵列电极后毛细管电泳微沟道内的电势分布,并与常规进样条件下微沟道内的电势分布进行比较,结果表明该方法可以使分离电压大幅度下降.     

基于ARM9的共聚焦式激光诱导荧光检测系统

共聚焦式激光诱导荧光检测具有较高的灵敏度,是毛细管电泳芯片的主要检测方法之一。大多数共聚焦式检测系统采用计算机控制和显示,系统体积庞大,无法实现小型化和集成化。文中基于ARM9微处理器及嵌入式Linux操作系统,设计了脱离计算机控制的共聚焦式毛细管电泳芯片检测系统,实现了芯片的图像观察、自动聚焦及荧光信号采集等功能。系统对不同浓度的罗丹明B样品进行了电泳分离实验,检测限为1.0×10-7mol/L.     

基于电泳分离的生物芯片的设计与改进

在一种低压驱动电泳分离的阵列电极模块基础上，设计制作了一款电泳分离用的基于1VIEMS技术的微流体沟道芯片，与电极模块及控制检测系统共同组成微全生物芯片系统。通过控制系统进行了一系列电泳实验，根据实验结果确定了沟道芯片的最佳尺寸参数。对阵列电极模块进行了改进，在上面增加了一对检测电极，通过比较几种检测方法选择对电泳分离实验进行阻抗检测，以实现检测系统的微型化。通过基于单片机的检测系统对电泳实验分离结果进行一系列的阻抗检测实验，实验结果证明检测电极的设计是可行的。     

低电压驱动阵列电极式毛细管电泳芯片的研究

本文介绍了一种低电压驱动阵列电极式毛细管电泳芯片.在玻璃基片上溅射铂电极,在盖片上刻蚀毛细管电泳微沟道,以热键合的方法封接基片和盖片,并利用电极电压控制进行了电动进样实验.结果表明,本文设计制作的低电压驱动阵列电极式毛细管电泳芯片,可较大幅度地降低进样电压.     

蛋白质／多肽的毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光检测分析方法发展

毛细管电泳（CE）与激光诱导荧光检测器（LIF）联用为蛋白质／多肽类样品提供了一种快速、灵敏的分析方法。选择并开发合适的荧光衍生化试剂,建立并优化相应的衍生、分离过程,使用并发展高性能、低成本的激光诱导荧光检测器件是实现高效分离、高灵敏度检测的有效途径。本文将各荧光衍生化试剂以激发光源归类,在探讨常用荧光衍生化试剂特性的基础上,对近几年蛋白质／多肽类样品的毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光分析方法发展加以系统综述。     

GDY-30KV型高效毛细管电泳高压电源

介绍了一种用于高效毛细管电泳的高压电源。说明了高压电源的组成及技术指标。实际应用表明，该电源输出范围宽，工作稳定可靠，对毛细管系统无干扰，能满足科研需求。     

芯片毛细管电泳电动进样实验的研究

芯片毛细管电泳分析系统在免疫测定、DNA分析和测序、氨基酸和蛋白质分析、生物细胞研究方面有广泛的应用前景.其中采用的电动进样控制系统,具有控制电压低,控制灵活等特点.介绍了一种芯片毛细管电泳电动进样实验的设计,并给出实验中的测试结果.     

生物大分子结构及动力学的核磁共振研究

本文介绍了核磁共振技术在生物大分子结构与动力学研究中的常用技术及新近的进展。     

Introduction of the protein G—gold complex for high-resolution immunocytochemistry

Protein G, an immunoglobulin G-binding molecule, was tagged with colloidal gold particles and was applied in immunocytochemistry. The present study reports the conditions required for the preparation of the protein G–gold complex and for its application in electron microscopy. Once used in combination with specific primary antibodies, the protein G–gold complex was able to yield highly specific labelings over particular tissue compartments. Various control experiments confirmed the specificity of the labelings obtained. Since the IgG-binding properties of protein G are superior to those displayed by protein A, the protein G–gold appears a far better tool for high-resolution immunocytochemistry.     

The development of protein chip using protein G for the simultaneous detection of various pathogens

A protein chip using protein G for the simultaneous detection of various pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Legionella pneumophila was developed. In order to endow the orientation of antibody molecules on solid surface, protein G was introduced. The protein G on gold (Au) surface modified with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) was arrayed and then four different kinds of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against pathogens (E. coli O157:H7, S. typhimurium, Y. enterocolitica, and L. pneumophila) on protein G spots were selectively arrayed using a microarrayer, and its spatial density was over 2400 spots cm². Using the constructed protein chip, the various pathogens such as E. coli O157:H7, S. typhimurium, Y. enterocolitica, and L. pneumophila could be detected by a sandwich method and its lowest detection limit for E. coli O157:H7 was 10² CFU/ml. The proposed fabrication technique of protein chip for the detection of various pathogens could be applied to construct other protein chips with a high efficiency.     

Biotribocorrosion of CoCrMo orthopaedic implant materials—Assessing the formation and effect of the biofilm

Due to the renewed interest in hard-on-hard hip replacement, especially metal-on-metal (MoM) or metal-on-ceramic (MoC) joints, issues relating to their long-term durability need to be addressed. Their effects on the operating environment (human body) and how the body fluid affects the implant materials are the primary concern. For widely used metallic implant materials, such as cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys, released ions due to electrochemical (corrosion) processes and mechanical-enhanced electrochemical (corrosion-wear/tribocorrosion) processes may cause biological reactions in the human hosts. Proteins are a primary constituent of the synovial fluid in human joints with other organic components such as hyaluronic acid and lubricin, and, although numerous tribological studies in protein-containing fluids have been conducted, there is still a need to fully understand the role of proteins and adsorbed-protein layers in wear, corrosion and tribocorrosion processes in artificial joints.In this study, bovine calf serum was used to simulate the body fluid, and a model solution of 0.36% NaCl solution was employed to isolate the influence of organic species (such as proteins, amino acids etc.). Wrought high carbon cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy (HC CoCrMo), Wrought low carbon cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy (LC CoCrMo) and stainless steel UNS S31603 (316 L) were included in the study and their corrosion, tribology and tribocorrosion behaviour were assessed by integration of gravimetric analysis and electrochemical measurements. Surface analysis (chemical and topographical) was carried out to fully understand the surface/organic species interactions.The constituents of bovine serum have been shown to have a great influence on the corrosion behaviour of all materials studied here—the mechanism of their action being to accelerate ion release and passive film breakdown in static conditions. In tribological contacts, biofilm can play a role in forming an effective lubricating film that reduces friction. For HC CoCrMo, reactions at the surface in the contact zone form a very complex nanostructured layer which comprises wear debris, biofilm and reaction products and the process also changes the nature of the passive film formation. The film reduces the material loss and hence has a protective nature. Organic species (proteins, etc.) were also shown to enhance corrosion-related damage on all materials.     

国产光栅型漫反射式近红外光谱仪实验样机性能及使用方法的研究

使用国产光栅近红外光谱仪实验样机测定玉米籽粒中蛋白质含量,通过与付里叶变换近红外光谱仪测试结果对比结果表明,在（１）规范的测试方法（２）严格的建模条件和优秀的建模软件这两个前提下该仪器可以用于农产品品质分析。     

Micropatterning of bacteria on two-dimensional lattice protein surface observed by atomic force microscopy

In this study, we characterized the two-dimensional lattice of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a chemical and physical barrier against bacterial adhesion, using fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The lattice of BSA on glass surface was fabricated by micro-contact printing (muCP), which is a useful way to pattern a wide range of molecules into microscale features on different types of substrates. The contact-mode AFM measurements showed that the average height of the printed BSA monolayer was 5-6nm. Escherichia coli adhered rapidly on bare glass slide, while the bacterial adhesion was minimized on the lattices in the range of 1-3mum(2). Especially, the bacterial adhesion was completely inhibited on a 1mum(2) lattice. The results suggest that the anti-adhesion effects are due by the steric repulsion forces exerted by BSA.     

蛋白芯片技术研究进展及其应用

蛋白芯片技术作为进行生命科学研究的一种新的技术平台 ,日益受到人们的关注。目前这一技术已经应用于基因表达分析、单核苷酸多态性分析、基因突变检测、抗体筛选及临床诊断等许多领域。随着该技术的不断完善 ,它将在生命科学研究中发挥越来越重要的作用。本文就蛋白芯片的原理、分类、制备过程、研究进展、优缺点和发展前景作一介绍。     

毛细管区带电泳法分离四种蛋白质的研究

采用毛细管电泳在较为极端的pH条件下对4种混合蛋白质进行分离,建立一种简单、高效、快速同时测定酸碱性蛋白质的方法。结果表明,在pH2和pH9的缓冲体系中混合蛋白质能够有效分离,添加改性剂SDS可提高分离效率。     

The role of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in skeletal muscle atrophy

As a key coordinator of metabolism, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is vitally involved in skeletal muscle maintenance. AMPK exerts its cellular effects through its function as a serine/threonine protein kinase by regulating many downstream targets and plays important roles in the development and growth of skeletal muscle. AMPK is activated by phosphorylation and exerts its function as a kinase in many processes, including synthesis and degradation of proteins, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose uptake, and fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism. Skeletal muscle atrophy is a result of various diseases or disorders and is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass. The pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of skeletal muscle atrophy are still under investigation. In this review, we discuss the role of AMPK in skeletal muscle metabolism and atrophy. We also discuss targeting AMPK for skeletal muscle treatment, including exercise, AMPK activators including 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside and metformin, and low-level lasers. These studies show the important roles of AMPK in regulating muscle metabolism and function; thus, the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy needs to take into account the roles of AMPK.     

QSTAR Pulsar028Ⅰ型串连四极杆飞行时间液质联用质谱仪简介及其应用

简要介绍QSTAR质谱仪的工作原理、性能特点,并从使用者的角度介绍该质谱所配备的各种离子源的特点及应用举例。