甲苯与N-甲酰吗啉二元等压汽-液平衡研究

N-甲酰吗啉（NFM）作为甲苯萃取精馏脱饱和烃的优秀溶剂,在石化、焦化行业上已得到了广泛应用,研究甲苯-NFM的二元汽液平衡关系,对萃取精馏塔的设计与优化有重要意义。用改进的EC-2型汽液平衡釜,测定了等压（101．33kPa）下甲苯-NFM二元体系汽液平衡数据,经Herington面积法检验,数据满足热力学一致性要求;用NRTL和UNIQUAC模型对实验数据进行了关联,得到了模型相应的二元交互参数,利用上述参数预测的汽液平衡关系,比60℃所得模型参数预测结果更符合实际。     

常压下环己烯-环氧环己烷-环己醇三元系汽液平衡数据的测定、预测及关联

H2O2氧化环己烯制备环氧环己烷时有环己醇等很多副产物产生,同时还有未反应完的环己烯留在反应液里。为了获得较纯的环氧环己烷需采用精馏将副产物和环己烯分离出来,精馏提纯需要相关体系的汽液平衡数据,因此采用改进的EC-2汽液平衡釜测定常压(101.33 kPa)下环己烯-环氧环己烷-环己醇三元体系汽液平衡数据。利用二元系汽液平衡数据拟合得到的Wilson方程配偶参数预测该三元体系的汽液平衡数据,并以汽相组成的误差平方和作为目标函数,用Wilson方程关联实验数据,结果表明预测值及关联值与实验值偏差较小,可满足工程上分离设计的需要。     

碳酸二甲酯—苯二元体系汽液相平衡数据的测定与关联

用静态平衡釜实测了碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和苯二元系在25℃、40℃、55℃、65℃的汽液平衡数据,它们都通过了热力学一致性检验。应用wilson方程对二元系的4个温度下的汽液平衡数据进行热力学关联,求出了相应的模型参数。用该模型对本二元系进行预测,取得较满意的结果。     

由蒸汽压方程关联全氟烃体系的汽液平衡

蒸汽压方程代表了纯物质的汽液平衡关系,也是混合物汽液平衡关键的信息。将双流体理论与经典热力学相结合,得到了由纯物质蒸汽压方程表达的混合物汽液平衡关系式。用于低压条件下全氟烃体系的汽液平衡计算。仅需要１个二元相互作用参数,获得了满意的结果。与传统的方法相比,新方法具有模型参数少且规律性好、计算简单等优点,为进一步用本方法预测混合物的汽液平衡提供了可能性。     

用Ha′la限制式结合γ^∞数据推算多元汽液平衡

提出了一种把Wilson方程参数间关系－Ha′la限制式和无限稀释 度系数相关联，用以估算三元系汽液平衡的方法，用汽液色谱测定挥发性溶质在不挥发性溶剂及混合溶剂中无限释活度系数，与Ha′la限制式相结合预测三元系汽液平衡，同文献值相比较；从Dortmund数据库的汽液平衡数据中选取了13组同时具有三元系和二元系汽液平衡数据的体系，用拟合和无限稀释活度系及Ha′la限制式结合的方法求取Wilson参数，进而预测汽液平衡，与文献值相比较，又在三元系的三个二元系之间用同样方法进行相互推算；又利用两个二元系和三元系的一点数据进行预测；所得结果均较满意。为证明所用方法的可靠性，并对预测误差的置信度上限作了相应的估算。     

醋酸—水—醋酸甲酯三元体系的相平衡及精馏研究

利用缔合物系相平衡模型,由二套二元汽液平衡数据及一套二元液液平衡数据回归得到了NRTL方程参数;推算了该体系的三元汽液平衡数据,拟合精度令人满意。进一步利用该模型做了精馏塔的模拟计算,并与精馏塔测得的实验值相比较,四套精馏塔实验数据与模拟计算结果均能较好吻合,证明该缔合物系相平衡模型可以用于缔合物系的相平衡及精馏计算。     

常压下1,2-环氧环己烷-环己醇汽液平衡数据的测定及关联

H2O2氧化环己烯生成1,2-环氧环己烷有很多副产物,如环己醇、环己酮等,为了获得较纯的1,2-环氧环己烷需采用精馏提纯的方法将副产物分离出来。而精馏提纯需要相关体系的汽液平衡数据,为此用改进的EC-2汽液平衡釜测定常压(101.33 kPa)下1,2-环氧环己烷-环己醇二元体汽液平衡计算值与实验值进行比较,发现二者偏差较小,可以满足工程上分离设计的需要。     

甲醇-四氟丙醇汽液相平衡研究

利用汽液相平衡仪测定了甲醇-四氟丙醇二元体系在常压下的汽液平衡数据,并采用Herington半经验法对所得数据进行了热力学一致性检验,采用Wilson模型和NRTL模型进行了关联计算。研究结果表明:试验测定的甲醇-四氟丙醇体系汽液相平衡数据符合热力学一致性要求;经关联计算,得到甲醇-四氟丙醇二元体系在Wilson模型中的交互作用能量参数(λ12-λ11)/R为-223.99 K,(λ21-λ22)/R为174.12 K;该体系在NRTL模型中的交互作用能量参数(g12-g11)/R为478.41 K,(g21-g22)/R为-624.15 K。     

甲酸、乙酸、乙酸甲酯体系汽液平衡的研究

本文用改进的Rose汽液平衡釜测定了760毫米汞柱压力下,甲酸—乙酸甲酯、乙酸—乙酸甲酯两组二元体系及甲酸—乙酸—乙酸甲酯三元体系的汽液平衡数据。对汽液平衡数据的关联,汽相中考虑甲酸、乙酸自身的双分子缔合和相互间的交差缔合效应,液相中的活度系数则采用Wilson方程,分别对两组二元体系的汽液平衡数据进行了关联计算,并推算了甲酸—乙酸—乙酸甲酯三元体系的汽液平衡数据,计算值与实验值符合良好。本工作还解决了在乙酸存在的条件下单独分析甲酸的分析方法。     

常压下环己烷-环己酮二元体系汽液平衡研究

为了计算多元体系的汽液平衡关系,采用改进的Rose汽液平衡釜测定常压(101.3 kPa)下环己烷-环己酮二元体系汽液平衡数据,并对数据进行热力学一致性检验,结果表明实验数据符合热力学一致性.以汽相组成的误差平方和作为目标函数,分别用Wilson方程和NRTL方程关联实验数据,得到分子交互作用能量参数,并对汽液平衡计算值与实验值进行比较,发现二者偏差较小,可以满足工程上分离设计的需要.     

Welding nanofiber and microsphere with carbon dioxide

Two types of micro /nano structures,microsphere and nanofibre,were prepared by electro spinning technique and spray drying technique,with the soluble fluorinated poly ( ether ether ketone) ( 3 F-PEEK) as the matrix. The micro / nano structures were exhibited in the scanning electron microscope ( SEM) micrograghs,and the separated nanofibre and microsphere were observed. The sizes of micro/nano structures were measured by the statistical analysis method. We designed experiments to connect up all the micro / nano structures to form new three dimensional micro / nano structures that were observed by SEM. In the experiments,supercritical carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) was selected as the welding solvent. A series of nanofibers were welded to form three dimensional netlike structures,and the particles were welded to form a porous film. The welding processes were studied by varying the exposure temperature,and the welding mechanism was discussed.     

AFM based anodic oxidation and its application to oxidative cutting and welding of CNT

Probe anodic oxidation by atomic force microscope (AFM) is one of the most important techniques in fabricating nano structures and devices. The technique was further studied in this paper. By analyzing the distribution of the electric field on substrate surface the dependence of oxide characters on field was discussed. The impacts of various parameters on oxide fabrication were experimentally studied. Based on these studies, we realized the oxidative cutting and welding of carbon nanotube (CNT) by the AFM based oxidation technique and provided a novel technique for the assembly and fabrication of CNT based nano devices.     

HFCVD法制备SiC材料及结构分析

采用热丝化学气相沉积(HFCVD)技术,以甲烷(CH4)和硅烷(SiH4)作为源反应气体在Si(111)衬底上生长了晶态SiC薄膜.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外(FTIR)等分析手段对样品结构、组分进行了分析.实验结果表明所制备的样品为SiC晶体.     

煤和废塑料与焦化残油共液化的研究

煤和废塑料共液化过程中添加焦化残油来部分替代四氢萘，结果表明，在添加的溶剂比中，四氢萘：残油为1：1效果最好，有助于提高油产率和降低气体的生成，对反应生成的残渣进行了工业分析和FTIR红外光谱分析，对正己烷抽提后的油品进行色-质联用分析，结合煤的红外光谱分析，探讨了煤和废塑料与焦化残油共处理过程中的化学反应机理。     

疏水缔合阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成与应用

采用水溶液自由基胶束聚合方式,使用氧化还原体系（K2S2O8-Na2S2O3）与热分解引发剂偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）组成的复合引发体系引发聚合,得到有机高分子聚合物--丙烯酰胺-二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物P(AM-DMDAAC-BA);探讨了合成条件对聚合物性质的影响,并对聚合物的相关性质及结构进行了表征.实验结果表明,使用复合引发体系可以提高反应的转化率和聚合物的分子量.制备P(AM-DMDAAC-BA)的最佳条件为：复合引发体系中各物质的质量配比为m(Na2S2O3)∶m(K2S2O8)∶m(AIBN)=1.0∶2.0∶1.0,反应单体的物质的量配比为n(AM)∶n(DMDAAC)∶n(BA)=68.6∶29.4∶2.0,引发剂、表面活性剂、尿素分别占单体总质量的0.15%、2.0%、2.5%.IR光谱图证明AM、DMDAAC、BA三种单体已参加聚合反应.聚合物的絮凝效果表明,P(AM-DMDAAC-BA)对含油污水具有显著的除油效果.     

Microstructural evolution in electroformed nickel shaped-charge liners with nano-sized grains undergone deformation at ultrahigh strain rate

Nickel shaped-charge liners with nano-sized grains were prepared by the electroforming technique, and the deformation at ultrahigh strain rate was performed by explosive detonation. The as-formed and post-deformed microstructures of electroformed nickel shaped-charge liners with nano-sized grains were observed by means of transmission electron microscopy, and the orientation distribution of the grains was analyzed by the electron backscattering pattern (EBSP) technique. The melting phenomenon in the jet fra...     

纱线计算机建模技术的研究进展与趋势

综述国内外纺织CAD系统中纱线的建模方法和模拟技术．二维纱线建模方法包括参数式建模、手工编辑式建模和真实纱线扫描法建模，能模拟纱线的轮廓、明暗、捻度和毛羽的设计．而三维纱线建模主要是通过超级椭圆、Bezier曲线、B样条曲线等方法控制纱线截面形状和中心线的走向构造曲面，设计出其外形轮廓光感．文中也对纱线建模技术的未来发展进行了展望．     

Investigation on adsorption and regeneration performances of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by supercritical water technique

In this paper,adsorption and regeneration characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) used as adsorbent were investigated for the removal of 1,3-benzenediol (BDO) from water by the supercritical water (SCW) technique. FTIR,XPS,SEM and dispersion stability tests were used to characterize the structure and surface morphology of CNTs. The results showed that CNTs surfaces were slightly activated and strongly etched in supercritical water system. The adsorption capacity of SCW-treated CNTs was higher than that of raw CNTs. The adsorbed amounts for treated CNTs and raw CNTs samples at the same initial concentration of 60 mg/L were ca. 16.42 and 7.30 mg/g,respectively. The BDO adsorption of treated CNTs was due to the physical adsorption. The experimental data fit Freundlich isotherm model better than Langmuir one. The loaded adsorbent could be efficiently desorbed and regenerated by SCW technique. Therefore,SCW is a promising and environmentally friendly technique for the improvement of adsorption and regeneration of CNTs.     

Subtle traps prediction using sequence stratigraphy and 3D seismic technology: A case study from Qikou depression in Huanghua basin

Forecasting subtle traps by sequence stratigraphy and 3D seismic data is a sensitive topic in hydrocarbon exploration. Research on subtle traps by geophysical data is the most popular and difficult. Based on the sufficiently drilling data, log data, core data and 3D seismic data, sediment sequence of Qikou depression, Huanghua basin was partitioned by using sequence stratigraphy theory. Each sediment sequence system mode was built. Sediment faces of subtle traps were pointed out. Dominating factors forming subtle traps were analyzed. Sandstone seismic rock physics and its response were studied in Tertiary System. Sandstone geophysical response and elastic modulus vary laws with pressure, temperature, porosity, depth were built. Experimental result and practice shows that it is possible using seismic information forecasting subtle traps. Integrated using geology, log, drilling data, special seismic processing technique, interpretation technique, high precision horizon calibration technique, 3D seismic visualizing interpretation, seismic coherence analysis, attribute analysis, logging-constrained inversion, time frequency analysis, subtle traps object is identified and interpreted. Finally, advantage object of subtle trap in this area was determined. Bottomland sand stratigraphic and lithologic reservoirs in Qinan slope zone have been founded by means of high resolution 3D seismic data field technique, high resolution 3D seismic data processing technique and seismic wave impedence inversion technique. Foundation item: Project(2003034470) supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China; project supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University     

统一数据访问技术及应用

详细介绍了UDA(UniversalDataAccess,统一数据访问 )技术模型的组成 ,并通过一个实例说明了在ASP(ActiveServerPages ,动态服务网页 )中如何运用UDA技术中的ADO(ActiveXDataObject)对象模型对SQLServer数据库中数据进行访问的过程 ,指出应采用OLEDB(ObjectLinkingandEmbeddingDatabase)连接字符串方式和数据源建立连接以提高连接性能