锂离子电池电解质锂盐双草酸硼酸锂的研究进展

介绍了新型锂盐双草酸硼酸锂(LiBOB)的基本性质,归纳了其合成、检测和提纯方法,重点阐述了LiBOB在石墨类负极上的成膜性能,综述了LiBOB的溶解性和电导率、热稳定性及在固体电解质中的应用,总结了LiBOB基电解质的不足,指明了其未来的研究方向。     

应用于锂离子电池的二氟草酸硼酸锂新型锂盐的合成

二氟草酸硼酸锂(LiDFOB)作为一种新盐,具有独特的化学结构,在锂离子电池中表现出诸多优异的电化学性能,未来有望取代传统电解质六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)。本文对市面上已存在的LiDFOB制备路线进行汇总与改进,根据可能的反应机理进行分析,通过探索与正交实验方法,探索一条在实验室完全可以重复的合成路线。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射进行检测其化学结构,用X射线光电子能谱与化学滴定法定量检测产品纯度,对LiDFOB的制备、提纯与表征进行研究。该方法简易、使用常用玻璃仪器、重复性高,将工业合成方法进行合理简化和创新,本实验为本科生及早参与科研,了解科研最前沿研究内容有重要的推动意义。     

锂离子电池用四氟硼酸锂的制备方法

介绍了锂离子电池用四氟硼酸锂的性质,概述了固相-气相法（三氟化硼法,包括气流式反应合成法、LiF悬浮液法）、BB络合物与LiF于乙醚中的非水溶液法、水溶液法（包括四氟硼酸法、偏硼酸锂法）制备电池用四氟硼酸锂方法,比较了他们的优缺点。认为固相-气相法合成的四氟硼酸锂因工艺本身的缺陷而使产品质量较差,难以满足电池级四氟硼酸锂的要求;目前国内生产技术尚不成熟。     

新型锂盐二氟草酸硼酸锂制备工艺研究进展

二氟草酸硼酸锂具有良好的热稳定性和电化学稳定性,它已经成为锂离子电池电解液的重要组成材料,在动力电池领域拥有广阔的应用前景。主要围绕二氟草酸硼酸锂的制备工艺分别论述,并对工艺的研究现状及优缺点进行评价,为今后的研究工作提供一定的参考。     

草酸硼酸锂的制备方法

本发明提供一种制备草酸硼酸锂的方法。该方法包括：以草酸烷基酯和含硼化合物为原料,与碱性锂试剂进行中和反应生成含草酸硼酸锂的反应混合物;所述碱性锂试剂选自氢氧化锂或碱性锂盐。     

锂离子二次电池电解质四氟硼酸锂制备技术研究进展

四氟硼酸锂由于具有较好的热稳定性,因而在锂离子二次电池电解液中的使用比例越来越大。介绍了国内外锂离子二次电池电解质四氟硼酸锂的制备技术研究进展,包括4种制备方法,即气-固反应法、水溶液法、混合溶剂法、氟化氢溶液反应法。总结了各种制备方法的优缺点,并且展望了四氟硼酸锂的发展方向。指出制备高纯度的四氟硼酸锂将是未来的研究重点之一,同时四氟硼酸锂在离子液体中的使用,以及和其他新型锂盐特别是含氟磺酰锂盐的配合使用都将是今后的研究重点。     

双草酸硼酸锂的制备、表征及性能研究

以草酸、硼酸和氢氧化锂为原料,经两步烧制,得到双草酸硼酸理粗产品;然后将所制粗产品经乙腈提纯后即得产品。产品经过X射线衍射检测手段定性,用ICP检测手段定量,证明所得产品杂质少且晶体结构完整;并通过热分析手段证实其热稳定性好;最终将其组装成电池进行检测,结果显示:常温和高温循环性能均较好。     

锂离子电池用电解质锂盐的研究进展

锂离子电池（Lithium ion battery）以高能量密度、开路电压大、循环寿命长以及环境友好等优点,而广泛应用在通讯基站、航空航天、新能源交通工具等领域。电解质锂盐作为锂离子电池不可或缺的部分,不但能在电解液中提供和传输锂离子,而且能够在电极材料表面形成保护层,在很大程度上决定着锂离子电池的容量、循环性能、安全性能、工作温度、能量密度和功率密度等性能。本文主要介绍了电解质锂盐的理化性质和作用,重点总结了目前常见的几种无机锂盐和有机锂盐的研究进展,对不同锂盐的优缺点进行了评述,并对电解质锂盐在锂离子电池领域的发展进行了展望。     

二氟草酸硼酸锂的提纯工艺

二氟草酸硼酸锂(LiDFOB)生产过程的副产物四氟硼酸锂(LiBF₄)难以去除,现有方案为多次结晶提高纯度,但产品收率低且成本高。研究了溶剂、溶剂用量、溶解温度、析晶方式对提纯效果的影响。结果表明:乙酸乙酯作为提纯溶剂,1.3倍添加量、溶解温度55℃、二氯甲烷作为析晶剂条件下,一次结晶即可得到纯度99.8%,收率为93.5%的LiDFOB。通过优化工艺,能够实现降本增效。     

锂离子电池用草酸亚铁的合成研究

采用扫描电镜、激光粒度仪、振实密度仪,研究了陈化时间、分散剂浓度、亚铁离子浓度对草酸亚铁产品形貌、振实密度和粒径的影响。优化的草酸亚铁制备工艺条件为:亚铁离子浓度为85 g/L,分散剂浓度为0. 65 mol/L,陈化时间为9 h。制备得到的草酸亚铁产品振实密度为1. 22 g/cm~3,粒度(D_(50))为3. 16μm;以制备的草酸亚铁为原料,采用高温固相法合成磷酸铁锂正极材料,得到的正极材料充放电性能良好。     

Electrochemical characteristics of LiMxFe1−xPO4 cathode with LiBOB based electrolytes

The conductivity of LiBOB based electrolyte, which we formed in our lab, has been compared with commercialized LiPF₆ based electrolyte firstly. The charge and discharge capacity of the LiFePO₄/Li half-cell with two kind of electrolyte has compared both at room temperature and elevated temperature. LiBOB cell presented better charge/discharge stability at elevated temperature than the counterpart. ICP method was adopted to analyze the reaction of electrolytes with cathode material at high temperature. Cyclic voltammogram was conducted to analyze the charge/discharge process of the cell in both LiBOB based electrolyte and LiPF₆ based electrolyte at different temperature.     

新型锂盐双乙二酸硼酸锂的制备与性能

文章综述了近年来锂离子电池豹新型锂盐一双乙二酸硼酸锂（LiBOB）研究的成果。介绍了双乙二酸硼酸锂的合成方法、组成与结构、化学和电化学性能及其与结构的关系。并重点综述了LiBOB电解液的导电性研究,对负极材料、正极材料的稳定性研究,与其他锂盐在锂离子电池中混合使用的性能研究等。总结了LiBOB的优缺点,指出了其进一步的研究方向。     

Intercalation of lithium in r.f.-sputtered vanadium oxide film as an electrode material for lithium-ion batteries

Vanadium oxide films were prepared by r.f.-sputtering using an argon sputter gas and a V2O5 target. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. The oxide film as deposited is amorphous; they are heat-treated in the range 300–700°C in oxygen atmosphere and are composed of orthorhombic V2O5 crystals. At higher heat-treatment temperatures (600–700°C) the crystallization of the oxide proceeded significantly with ab-direction parallel to the substrate. The oxide film undergoes a reversible lithium intercalation and deintercalation process. The kinetics of the intercalation process of lithium into amorphous V2O5 film was studied using an a.c. impedance method. Furthermore, a rocking-chair type V2O5 film/LixV2O5 film cell could be charge–discharge cycled over 300 times at a current of 10A at 25°C.     

A novel electrospun TPU/PVdF porous fibrous polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries

Novel blend-based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) films of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF) (denoted as TPU/PVdF) have been prepared by electrospinning. The electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane-co-poly (vinylidene fluoride) membranes were activated with a 1M solution of LiClO₄ in EC/PC and showed a high ionic conductivity about 1.6 mS cm⁻¹ at room temperature. The electrochemical stability is at 5.0 V versus Li⁺/Li, making them suitable for practical applications in lithium cells. Cycling tests of Li/GPE/LiFePO4 cells showed the suitability of the electrospun membranes made of TPU/PVdF (80/20, w/w) for applications in lithium rechargeable batteries. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

The behaviour of graphite, carbon black, and Li4Ti5O12 in LiBOB-based electrolytes

The film formation behaviour of lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), a new electrolyte salt for lithium batteries, on graphite, carbon black and lithium titanate is reported. LiBOB is actively involved in the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the anode. Part of this formation is an irreversible reductive reaction which takes place at potentials of around 1.75 V vs Li/Li⁺ and contributes to the irreversible capacity of anode materials in the first cycle. Carbon black interacts strongly with LiBOB-based electrolytes, which results in strong film formation and loss of electronic conductivity within the composite electrode. In LiBOB-based electrolytes the electrode kinetics increase in the order: carbon black << fine particulate graphite ~ metal powder, due to decreased film formation of the conductive additive. The influence of various solvents, surfactant additives, and potential impurities was also studied.     

Characterization of an electroactive polymer for overcharge protection in secondary lithium batteries

The optical, electronic, and electrochemical properties of thin films of the electroactive polymer, poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT), were studied in a lithium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte. Upon extraction of n electrons per polymer formula unit, anions are taken up to balance the charge, forming a polymer cation salt, (P3BT)^mn+(PF₆⁻)_mn (m is the number of formula units in the polymer chain), whose state of charge (SOC) varies with n. An in situ ac impedance method was developed to determine the electronic conductivity of the polymer at different states of charge. On oxidation of the insulating neutral P3BT polymer, the conductivity increased by eight orders of magnitude. The electrochemical potential, electronic conductivity, and optical spectrum at each state of charge were correlated, producing a color index of these primary characteristics. This allowed determination of the potential and state of charge as a function of location in transparent polymer films during propagation of an oxidation front across the film and during passage of steady-state currents through the polymer film.     

锂离子二次电池电解质锂盐的研究进展及其发展前景

从作为锂离子二次电池电解质的导电锂盐的分类、组成、结构和性能等方面进行分析，通过比较存在的差异，阐述了它们的优缺点及其在锂离子电池中的应用与研究进展。最后展望了锂离子二次电池电解质的发展方向和前景。     

Study of lithiated Nafion ionomer for lithium batteries

Lithiated Nafion 112 ionomer was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, AC impedance, and cyclic voltammetry. The ionomer swollen with mixed solvents of propylene carbonate (PC) and ethylene carbonate shows ionic conductivity of 8.18×10^–5Scm^–1 at 25°C and good electrochemical stability to allow operation in Li/ionomer/LiCoO₂ cells. The discharge capacity of the first cycle is 126mAhg^–1. Significant capacity loss occurs during cycling due to the presence of PC. AC impedance shows that the passive layer formed at the Li/ionomer interface dominates the cycling performance of the cell.     

废锂离子电池正极材料中锂元素选择性回收的研究进展

随着新能源汽车市场的蓬勃发展,锂离子电池作为新能源汽车的关键部件,面临着关键金属资源尤其是锂资源供给不足的风险,回收废锂离子电池中所含的二次锂资源将成为解决锂资源供需问题、推动行业可持续发展的重要途经。因此为实现废锂离子电池中锂元素的高效提取,分步或优先提取的选择性提锂工艺备受研究者们关注。本文介绍了火法、湿法、机械化学法和电化学法四种当前主流的选择性提锂工艺,在阐述其基础反应机理的基础上,总结归纳了各工艺最新的研究成果,并从提取过程中的工艺能耗、物耗、回收率、选择性、环境影响等多个角度对各工艺的优势和不足进行了深入分析。最后,对废锂离子电池中有价金属资源化回收的发展趋势及前景进行了展望,为未来研发更加清洁高效的回收工艺提供参考。