山东烤烟烟叶石油醚提取物的对比分析

为合理使用山东烟叶,对2003年山东省14个烟叶基地生产的NC89、NC82、CF965、K326和云烟85等225个烤烟初烤烟叶样品X2F、C3F和B2F的石油醚提取物总量进行了测定。结果表明:①不同部位和不同产地烟叶的石油醚提取物总量差异显著;②不同品种烟叶的石油醚提取物总量的差异不明显。结论:采用不同部位和不同产地的山东烟叶调整卷烟产品的香气量效果应比较明显,而用不同品种的烟叶调整卷烟的香气量,效果可能不明显。     

羊肚菌发酵烟草多糖及其在卷烟中的初步应用

以实验室分离得到的野生羊肚菌菌丝体为出发菌株,采用固体菌棒为接种方法,以烟叶碎片水提渣为原料,22℃固体渥堆发酵9 d获得了羊肚菌发酵粗多糖,并对其进行了真菌多糖含量、挥发性成分、热裂解分析及在卷烟中的应用评价。结果表明,羊肚菌发酵烟草多糖中真菌多糖含量为42.6%,其主要致香成分为长链碳酸及其酯类,热裂解结果说明该组分在燃烧过程中没有产生稠环芳烃等物质。添加至卷烟及初烤烟后具有醇和烟香、提高舒适性、去除杂气的效果。     

烤烟品种种植结构对烟叶原料和卷烟产品的影响

在深入分析我国近年来烤烟品种种植结构的基础上,分别从遗传学、生态学、烟叶品质及卷烟配方等角度论述了烤烟品种种植结构对烟叶和卷烟生产发展的影响,并结合中式卷烟对烟叶原料的需求和特色优质烟叶的开发与生产探讨了我国未来烤烟品种种植结构的方向。     

不同成熟度对烤烟烟叶品质和安全性指标的影响

为探讨不同成熟度对烤烟烟叶主要品质成分和安全性指标的影响,以烤烟品种G80为材料,对相同生产条件下不同成熟度烤烟烟叶主要化学成分和烟气安全性指标进行了研究。结果表明,没有充分成熟的烤烟烟叶在品质和安全性指标上均较差。过熟烤烟烟叶除葡萄糖含量变化不明显外,果糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖等水溶性糖和石油醚提取物、总挥发酸及钾含量均大幅度降低;而氮、烟碱、挥发碱和挥发碱/烟碱等重要化学指标明显升高。过熟烤烟烟叶的焦油含量虽然较低,但烟气的稠环芳烃类化合物总量与适熟烤烟差异并不明显,其中苯并[a]芘含量有明显升高的趋势。鉴于适熟烤烟烟叶的各项品质指标综合表现较好,故在中式烤烟型卷烟为主的市场条件下,应将采购烟叶的成熟度控制在适度成熟为好。     

烟叶碎片与降耗

烟叶碎片与降耗胡有持张建勋摘要论述了烟叶碎片与碎丝、烟丝填充能力的关系。合理利用６ｍｍ２以下的烟叶碎片，有利于降低卷烟的单箱消耗。降低碎片含量的最佳途径是在产地进行原烟打叶复烤。关键词碎片碎丝填充能力卷烟消耗据统计，我国卷烟单箱耗叶量已下降到４５．６...     

低次烤烟和晾晒烟陈酵实验报告

我国烟草工业对烤烟的发酵已有30多年的历史经验,对提高卷烟质量起了很大作用。以往烤烟发酵首先以重视色泽为主,其次才是内在质最的改进。低档烤烟允许有少量杂气存在。因此,低次烤烟的品质低劣,其杂、苦、辣、涩味很难消除,这是常规发酵法难以克服的弱点。晾晒烟还尚未有一套完整的发酵方法。为了使烟叶发酵技术进一步提高,改善和提高低档     

调整烟叶等级差价政策是发展现代烟草农业的重要机制创新

为了适应大品牌中式烤烟型低焦油卷烟发展的需要,从烤烟品质与可用性、上部烟叶的特点与其成熟度的关系两方面论述了烟叶的可用性应随着卷烟产品的需要而变化,烟叶价格也必须依据其可用性的变化而调整的重要性和必要性,上调完熟的上部烟叶的收购价格,既可增加上等烟叶的比例,弥补烤烟型低焦油卷烟香味不足,又可增加烟农收入.认为调整烟叶等级差价政策,是现代烟草农业机制创新的一部分.     

低焦油卷烟原料探析

根据国内外市场要求及《卷烟》系列新国标的实施，对低焦油卷烟原料进行探讨，提出在研究安全型卷烟时要着重于烤烟型低焦油卷烟研究。不仅要重视卷烟工艺的研究，更要重视原料基础研究。作为全国烤烟大省的云南省，在科研上要加速选育高香气、烟碱适中、低焦油的烤烟新品种；在生产中要尽量提高烟叶成熟度；在卷烟配方中要适度增加上部烟叶比例，掺入适量似烤烟型的晒黄烟。建议在全国原料总布局中对云南省进行宏观规划、配套定点发展。     

烤烟4O级制烟叶主要化学成分分析研究

通过对烤烟40级制各等级烟叶主要化学成分的测定,取得了一套系统完整的分析数据;分析研究了烟叶部位、颜色、等级、成熟度等因素与烟叶化学成分的关系,找出了规律性,为合理利用烟叶资源,指导卷烟配方,提高卷烟质量及开发卷烟新产品提供了科学依据。     

国内外烤烟烟气焦油、7种代表性有害成分及烟碱释放量对比分析研究

选取国内代表性烟叶产区的C3F等级烟叶样品,以及国内卷烟工业企业用量较多的、与C3F等级接近的巴西、美国、津巴布韦、赞比亚和马拉维等5个我国主要烤烟进口国烟叶样品,卷制成单料烟。考察选取的进口烟叶与国产烟叶样品烟气焦油、卷烟危害性评价指数、7种代表性有害成分和烟碱释放量差异,分析了5个进口国家烤烟烟叶有害成分释放量特点。结果表明:国产C3F等级烟叶烟气的单位燃烧烟丝重量NNK和苯酚释放量均值为最低,卷烟危害性评价指数最低。      

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press