基于自适应神经网络模糊推理的负荷预测

针对中长期负荷预测,本文将模糊理论与神经网络相结合,提出了基于高木-关野自适应神经网络模糊推理系统的中长期负荷预测模型.该模型采取神经网络技术对模糊信息进行处理.使得模糊推理系统的模糊规则和模糊隶属度函数能通过学习功能自动生成,从而有效地解决了模糊理论中必须根据专家经验人为制定规则和隶属度函数的瓶颈及采用神经网络所获得的输入/输出关系不易被人接受的问题;并以湖南省安乡县经济发展指标和全社会用电量为基础数据,通过高木--关野自适应神经网络模糊推理系统对安乡县预测年份全社会用电量水平的进行预测分析.算例表明,该推理系统计算快捷.准确性高,在电网规划中长期负荷预测中有较强的实用价值.     

一种基于改进T-S模糊推理的模糊神经网络学习算法

针对模糊神经网络学习算法计算量过大,在预测模型设计中提出了基于改进T-S模糊推理的模糊神经网络学习算法。主要工作如下:首先,改进T-S模糊推理方法,定义基于偏移率的T-s模糊推理方法;然后,通过将此模糊推理方法与基于合成规则的模糊推理方法及距离型模糊推理方法相比较可以看出,所提方法有较少的计算量,且比较有效;最后,在此基础上改善了模糊神经网络学习算法,并将其应用于天气预测与安全态势预测。测试结果表明,该方法明显改善了学习效率,减少了预测模型设计中的学习次数与时间复杂度,并降低了学习误差。     

基于Sugeno型神经模糊系统的交通流状态预测算法

从交通流状态的模糊特性出发,设计基于Sugeno型神经模糊系统的交通流状态预测算法.选择交通流状态的影响指标作为模糊推理系统的输入、交通流状态作为输出;据经验对输入、输出划分模糊子集,给出相应的隶属度函数并制定模糊规则;建立具有5层结构的神经模糊推理系统,利用神经网络优化调整模糊推理系统的隶属度函数和模糊规则.仿真实验表明,神经网络可直接优化模糊推理系统的隶属度函数,通过对连接权值的训练间接优化模糊规则,故Sugeno型神经模糊系统相比常规模糊系统具有更好的交通流状态预测性能.     

PSO-BP神经网络的电力负荷预测研究

以提升电力负荷预测精度以及实时性为目标,设计粒子群-反向传播神经网络的电力负荷预测方法。该方法预处理历史电力负荷数据,过滤错误数据以及异常数据,归一化处理剩余数据;将归一化处理后数据视为粒子群优化算法的粒子,利用粒子跟踪局部最优值以及全局最优值实现每次迭代过程中粒子速度与位置更新;利用改进非线性动态自适应算法确定最佳惯性权重提升电力负荷预测精度,建立包含输入层、隐含层以及输出层的三层前馈BP神经网络;将粒子群优化算法所输出粒子信息设置为BP神经网络初始阈值以及初始权值训练BP神经网络,直至满足迭代终止条件,输出电力负荷预测结果。选取某电力公司作为实例分析对象,实例分析结果表明,采用该方法预测电力负荷预测精度高于99%,预测时间开销低于150 ms。     

DE优化T-S模糊神经网络的交通流量预测

提出了一种差分进化算法优化T-S模糊神经网络预测交通流量的算法方法.该算法利用差分进化来弥补T-S模糊神经网络连接权值和阂值选择上的随机性缺陷,从而能发挥T-S模糊神经网络泛化的映射能力,而且能使T-S模糊神经网络具有较快的收敛性以及较强的学习能力.将该算法应用到实测交通流进行算法的有效性验证,并与传统的T-S模糊神经网络进行比较,仿真结果表明,该算法具有更好的非线性拟合能力和更高的预测准确性,在交通流量预测领域具备可行性和有效性.     

基于WTFMC算法的递归模糊神经网络结构设计

针对递归模糊神经网络(Recurrent fuzzy neural network, RFNN)的递归量难以自适应的问题, 提出一种基于小波变换–模糊马尔科夫链(Wavelet transform fuzzy Markov chain, WTFMC)算法的RFNN模型.首先, 在时间维度上记录隐含层神经元的模糊隶属度, 并采用小波变换将该时间序列进行分解, 通过模糊马尔科夫链对子序列的未来时段进行预测, 之后将各预测量合并后代入递归函数中得到具有自适应性的递归量.其次, 利用梯度下降算法更新RFNN的参数来保证神经网络的精度.最后, 通过非线性系统建模中几个基准问题和实际污水处理中关键水质参数的预测实验, 证明了该神经网络模型的可行性和有效性.     

一种模糊推理过程神经网络及其应用研究

针对带有过程性模糊信息或动态领域规则的时变信息处理问题,提出一种模糊推理过程神经网络.该模型将模糊过程推理规则与数值型过程神经网络的动态信息处理机制相结合,将推理规则表示为过程神经元.利用过程神经网络的学习性质来实现对过程性定量与定性混合信息的自适应处理.分析了模糊推理过程神经网络的信息处理机制,并给出了相应的学习算法.以抽油机平衡诊断为例,实验结果验证了所提出模型和算法的有效性.     

一种基于模糊规则的神经网络结构及其学习算法研究

文章提出了一种基于模糊规则的神经网络结构,并用形式化语言进行描述。基于模糊规则的神经网络由输入层、规则层和输出层三层网络结构组成,以隶属度函数（语义值）作为网络权值,输入值沿权值的传播即进行隶属度计算。在充分分析三角形函数特征的基础上,应用启发式方法,导出了FRBNN网络的学习算法。最后应用FRBNN评价船舶碰撞危险度,表明FRBNN兼备神经网络和模糊推理系统的优点。     

基于模糊神经网络的高炉残铁渣量预测的研究

提出了利用模糊神经网络对高炉残铁量和残渣量预测的算法,论述了预测系统设计思路及网络结构的确定方法,最后应用实例验证该算法的可行性。对神经网络输出值和实际值的均方误差及对比曲线分析的结果表明,该方法对解决工程实际中预测问题具有一定的指导意义。     

动态模糊神经网络控制器在伺服系统中的应用

通过在ANFIS的归一化层与输出层之间加入递归,层提出了一种新型的动态模糊神经网络（DFNN）,将模糊推理系统、神经网络和Ⅲ型控制有机地结合起来。给出DFNN的网络结构,为基于收缩间距隶属函数和BP算法提供了参数调整方法。系统实验表明,DFNN控制器比PID＋前馈控制具有更好的动、静态响应,尤其在前馈信号难以取得的情况下具有更明显的优势。     

A trainable transparent universal approximator for defuzzificationin Mamdani-type neuro-fuzzy controllers

A novel technique of designing application specific defuzzification strategies with neural learning is presented. The proposed neural architecture considered as a universal defuzzification approximator is validated by showing the convergence when approximating several existing defuzzification strategies. The method is successfully tested with fuzzy controlled reverse driving of a model truck. The transparent structure of the universal defuzzification approximator allows us to analyze the generated customized defuzzification method using the existing theories of defuzzification. The integration of universal defuzzification approximator instead of traditional methods in Mamdani-type fuzzy controllers can also be considered as an addition of trainable nonlinear noise to the output of the fuzzy rule inference before calculating the defuzzified crisp output. Therefore, nonlinear noise trained specifically for a given application shows a grade of confidence on the rule base, providing an additional opportunity to measure the quality of the fuzzy rule base. The possibility of modeling a Mamdani-type fuzzy controller as a feedforward neural network with the ability of gradient descent training of the universal defuzzification approximator and antecedent membership functions fulfil the requirement known from multilayer preceptrons in finding solutions to nonlinear separable problems     

A high order fuzzy time series forecasting model based on adaptive expectation and artificial neural networks

Many fuzzy time series approaches have been proposed in recent years. These methods include three main phases such as fuzzification, defining fuzzy relationships and, defuzzification. Aladag et al. [2] improved the forecasting accuracy by utilizing feed forward neural networks to determine fuzzy relationships in high order fuzzy time series. Another study for increasing forecasting accuracy was made by Cheng et al. [6]. In their study, they employ adaptive expectation model to adopt forecasts obtained from first order fuzzy time series forecasting model. In this study, we propose a novel high order fuzzy time series method in order to obtain more accurate forecasts. In the proposed method, fuzzy relationships are defined by feed forward neural networks and adaptive expectation model is used for adjusting forecasted values. Unlike the papers of Cheng et al. [6] and Liu et al. [14], forecast adjusting is done by using constraint optimization for weighted parameter. The proposed method is applied to the enrollments of the University of Alabama and the obtained forecasting results compared to those obtained from other approaches are available in the literature. As a result of comparison, it is clearly seen that the proposed method significantly increases the forecasting accuracy.     

Fuzzy controllers: synthesis and equivalences

It has been proved that fuzzy controllers are capable of approximating any real continuous control function on a compact set to arbitrary accuracy. In particular, any given linear control can be achieved with a fuzzy controller for a given accuracy. The aim of this paper is to show how to automatically build this fuzzy controller. The proposed design methodology is detailed for the synthesis of a Sugeno or Mamdani type fuzzy controller precisely equivalent to a given PI controller. The main idea is to equate the output of the fuzzy controller with the output of the PI controller at some particular input values, called modal values. The rule base and the distribution of the membership functions can thus be deduced. The analytic expression of the output of the generated fuzzy controller is then established. For Sugeno-type fuzzy controllers, precise equivalence is directly obtained. For Mamdani-type fuzzy controllers, the defuzzification strategy and the inference operators have to be correctly chosen to provide linear interpolation between modal values. The usual inference operators satisfying the linearity requirement when using the center of gravity defuzzification method are proposed     

Hierarchical hybrid fuzzy-neural networks for approximation with mixed input variables

Real-world systems usually involve both continuous and discrete input variables. However, in existing learning algorithms of both neural networks and fuzzy systems, these mixed variables are usually treated as continuous without taking into account the special features of discrete variables. It is inefficient to represent each discrete input variable having only a few fixed values by one input neuron with full connection to the hidden layer. This paper proposes a novel hierarchical hybrid fuzzy neural network to represent systems with mixed input variables. The proposed model consists of two levels: the lower level are fuzzy sub-systems each of which aggregates several discrete input variables into an intermediate variable as its output; the higher level is a neural network whose input variables consist of continuous input variables and intermediate variables. For systems or function approximations with mixed variables, it is shown that the proposed hierarchical hybrid fuzzy neural networks outperform standard neural networks in accuracy with fewer parameters, and both provide greater transparency and preserve the universal approximation property (i.e., they can approximate any function with mixed input variables to any degree of accuracy).     

一种模糊逻辑推理神经网络的结构及算法设计

建立了一种基于模糊逻辑推理的神经网络．由样本获取的初始规则确定规则层神经元个数,并确立模糊化层与规则层之间的连接．利用黄金分割法确定模糊化层隶属度函数的初始中心和宽度;根据初始规则的结论确定清晰化层的初始权值;针对网络结构提出了改进的BP算法．仿真实例表明,网络结构合理。具有较好的非线性映射能力,改进的BP算法适合于此网络,与另一种模糊神经网络相比较具有较快的训练速度和较好的泛化能力．     

基于模糊逻辑和神经网络的电力负荷预测

设计并实现了神经网络和模糊逻辑相结合的综合预测模型进行短期电力负荷预测。由神经网络和模糊逻辑分别对基本负荷和受天气、节假日影响的负荷进行预测,使其在天气突变等情况下也能达到较高的预测精度。采用此模型对石家庄电力系统负荷进行预测分析,取得了令人满意的结果。     

基于神经网络的室外移动机器人前轮转向模型

针对室外移动机器人的行驶特点,将车体模型划分为前轮转向模型、速度模型和位姿模型三个部分.提出用模糊集合与神经网络相结合来建立车体前轮转向模型的方法.首先将对前轮转向特性影响较大的行车速度模糊化,然后利用神经网络建立各模糊速度下的前轮转向模型,最后由逆模糊化过程求得模型的实际输出.实验结果表明,该方法能较准确地反映车体的前轮转向特性并具有鲁棒性强和易于实现的特点.     

用HCM聚类和遗传算法实现多级模糊神经网络

模糊集理论适用于一些实验数据中不确定性和模糊性的建模问题,而模糊推理系统拥有模糊IF-THEN格式的结构化知识表示,但缺少适应性。神经网络本身具有对外部很强的适应性和从过去数据中学习的机制,但基于线性推理的模糊神经网络(FNN)模型作为模糊推理方法不能得到存在于参数间的最终关系,也不能影响接着发生的模糊集合。因此,我们提出了一个多级模糊神经网络(Multi-FNN),使用硬C均值聚类和进化模糊颗粒,利用处理为近似推理的一个线性推理,获得信息微粒和模糊集之间的关系。     

模糊控制器输出值不变的两个充分条件

模糊控制器通常由模糊化、模糊推理以及清晰化三部分构成, 而模糊推理决定了一个由输入论域到输出论域的模糊映射. 当模糊映射为常值映射时, 任意选择模糊化和去模糊化方式, 模糊控制器的输出值不因输入信号变化而改变. 本文给出了模糊映射为常值映射的两个充分条件, 并将结论从单入单出模糊系统推广到多入单出模糊系统.     

Evolutionary fuzzy hybrid neural network for project cash flow control

This paper develops an evolutionary fuzzy hybrid neural network (EFHNN) to enhance project cash flow management. The developed EFHNN combines neural networks (NN) and high order neural networks (HONN) into a hybrid neural network (HNN), which acts as the major inference engine and operates with alternating linear and nonlinear NN layer connections. Fuzzy logic is employed to sandwich the HNN between a fuzzification and defuzzification layer. The authors developed and applied the EFHNN to sequential cash flow trend problems by fusing HNN, FL, and GA. Results show that the proposed EFHNN can be deployed effectively to sequential cash flow estimation. The performance of linear and nonlinear (high order) neuron layer connectors in the EFHNN was significantly better than the performance achieved by previous models that used singular linear NN. Trained results were used for the prediction and strategic management of project cash flow. The proposed strategy can assist project managers to control project cash flows within the banana envelope of the S-curve to enhance project success.