无网格法的研究进展

对现有的无网格法（Meshless methods）进行了综述。描述了无网格法的近似方案、权函数的选择、变分形式和离散方程以及数值求解的实现。研究了无网格法对不连续问题和边界条件的处理、无网格法与有限元法的耦合。采用Element-free Galerkin（无网格伽辽金,EFG）方法编制了相应程序,并给出了两个计算例子。在现有研究的基础上提出了无网格法未来发展的几个方向。     

基于配点型无网格法的金属体积成形过程数值模拟

基于配点型无网格法的基本原理，阐述了采用配点型无网格法求解偏微分方程的步骤和方法，推导了刚塑性二维轴对称问题的配点型无网格法求解公式。以汽车气门弹簧座冷挤压过程为例，对金属体积成形的塑性变形情况进行了模拟分析。算例表明，配点型无网格法不需要借助背景网格或有限元网格进行数值积分，解决了伽辽金型无网格法计算效率低的问题。计算结果与有限元法比较接近，说明配点型无网格法用于金属塑性大变形过程数值模拟是可行性的。     

基于ALE方法的金属切削过程有限元研究

ALE方法是结合拉格朗日法与欧拉法特点的一种网格自适应方法,在金属切削过程的有限元模拟中,该方法可及时对网格进行重新划分,保证分析中网格的质量。ABAQUS软件内嵌有ALE技术。论述了ALE网格划分区域的控制及ALE过程的控制,对40CrNiMo材料的切削过程进行了模拟仿真。     

板材成形无网格再生核质子法模拟中的接触处理

无网格法不依赖节点,且其形函数具有高阶连续性和非插值性。对板材成形数值模拟,无网格法比有限元法更具优势。接触处理是板材成形无网格数值模拟中的关键问题。构造稀疏"矩阵"加快接触搜索,重构再生核质子法(Reproducing kernel particle method,RKPM)形函数,并使之具有插值性,在此基础上建立材料形函数,精确施加板材成形中的本征边界条件,采用接触力计算模型导出节点接触力无网格表达式,可准确处理板材成形无网格法模拟中的接触问题。数值算例表明接触处理法是可靠的。     

粗糙表面热弹塑性接触自适应无网格分析

为了在较真实地模拟接触状态的同时节省计算耗费,采用自适应无网格法求解粗糙表面热弹塑性接触问题.计算中考虑了屈服强度温度相关因素,将基于应变能梯度的自适应无网格法与线性规划一增量初应力法相结合,构建了热弹塑性接触自适应无网格分析模型,并给出相应的程序流程.通过粗糙表面与弹塑性平面热弹塑性接触算例进行验证,分别对两种不同工程材料考虑切向摩擦力、材料应变硬化和材料屈服强度温度相关等情况进行了讨论.结果表明,采用自适应无网格法能有效求解粗糙表面热弹塑性接触问题,在保证计算精度与整体加密相当的情况下,自适应加密的计算耗费约为整体加密计算耗费的10%.     

粗糙表面热弹塑性接触自适应无网格分析

为了在较真实地模拟接触状态的同时节省计算耗费,采用自适应无网格法求解粗糙表面热弹塑性接触问题。计算中考虑了屈服强度温度相关因素,将基于应变能梯度的自适应无网格法与线性规划-增量初应力法相结合,构建了热弹塑性接触自适应无网格分析模型,并给出相应的程序流程。通过粗糙表面与弹塑性平面热弹塑性接触算例进行验证,分别对两种不同工程材料考虑切向摩擦力、材料应变硬化和材料屈服强度温度相关等情况进行了讨论。结果表明,采用自适应无网格法能有效求解粗糙表面热弹塑性接触问题,在保证计算精度与整体加密相当的情况下,自适应加密的计算耗费约为整体加密计算耗费的10%。     

配点型无网格法及其迭代求解在导热微分方程中的应用

对配点型无网格法在求解导热微分方程中的应用进行研究,提出配点型无网格法的迭代求解算法,并同有限元法进行对比。结果表明,配点型无网格及其迭代方法易于编程实现,且精度与有限元法相当。采用迭代求解法甚至可以不用形成系数矩阵,求解逐点进行,占用内存空间少。选择适当的松弛因子,松弛迭代相对于 Gauss-Seidel迭代可减少迭代次数。研究表明配点型无网格法及其迭代求解方法在求解大规模工程问题时具有优势。     

基于局部自然邻近无网格法的形状优化

把自然邻近无网格法中控制方程的局部积分“弱”形式应用于连续型物质导数法灵敏度分析中,使用直接微分法导出了基于局部子域积分方程的连续型灵敏度分析公式,采用自然邻近无网格法对其离散求解,以获得各结点处的灵敏度信息。使用该灵敏度分析方法,把自然邻近无网格法与非线性规划理论相结合,采用约束变尺度序列二次规划法,构建了一种形状优化方法。算例表明,该灵敏度计算方法只使用离散结点信息,计算精度高,无需额外的背景积分网格,优化过程不需要网格重构,具有较高的收敛速度,使用较少的设计变量就可以获得良好的优化效果。     

逆向工程中三角网格与四边形网格的算法分析

随着计算机技术的飞速发展,有限元方法已经成为复杂工程问题求解中最强大的数值分析方法之一。而使用该方法的第一步,就是对给定目标区域的离散,即网格的生成。另外,数值模拟结果的准确性和分析速度都直接受到网格质量的影响,所以,研究高质量网格的快速生成,对数值模拟技术而言,具有非常重要的意义。     

计算应力强度因子的无网格-直接位移法

目前计算裂纹尖端应力强度因子的无网格法一般均采用。积分方法,但由于该方法为间接求解,降低了求解精度与求解效率。文中采用无网格—伽辽金方法,选取带有扩展基的奇异基函数,以精确计算裂纹尖端位移场,并借鉴有限元法中计算应力强度因子的直接位移法,提出一种计算含裂结构裂纹尖端应力强度因子的新方法,即无网格—直接位移法。数值计算结果表明,该方法具有简捷、高效的特点,可以准确计算裂纹尖端应力强度因子。     

An ALE finite element method for baffled fuel container in Yawing motion

A computational analysis of engineering problems with moving domain or/and boundary according to either Lagrangian or Eulerian approach may encounter inherent numerical difficulties, the extreme mesh distortion in the former and the material boundary indistinctness in the latter. In order to overcome such defects in classical numerical approaches, the ALE (arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) method is widely being adopted in which the finite element mesh moves with arbitrary velocity. This paper is concerned with the ALE finite element formulation, aiming at the dynamic response analysis of baffled fuel-storage container in yawing motion, for which the coupled time integration scheme, the remeshing and smoothing algorithm and the mesh velocity determination are addressed. Numerical simulation illustrating theoretical works is also presented.     

A coupled finite element and meshfree analysis of erosive wear

Erosive wear is a kind of material degradation, which is largely involved in many industries, and caused a series of serious problems and economic loss. Many theoretical models and numerical models have been established to study the erosion phenomena. In this study, a coupled finite element and meshfree model was developed for the simulation and prediction of erosive wear. By utilizing the meshfree technique, the error due to mesh distortion and tangling at impacted area in the finite element analysis could be effectively avoided. The fundamental mechanisms of erosion by solid particle impact were investigated as well. Comparison against the results of analytical erosion models and finite element model are made. It is shown that the predicted results are in agreement with reported results. The present study could be very useful and efficient in studying erosive wear.     

二维声学数值计算的径向插值有限元法

针对声学有限元分析中四节点等参单元计算精度低,对网格质量敏感的问题,将无网格径向插值技术引入到标准有限元中,构造径向插值形函数,推导径向插值有限元法(Radial interpolation finite element method,RIFEM)的二维声学数值计算公式。二维声学RIFEM采用标准有限元法形函数构造系统离散方程的声学刚度矩阵和边界积分矢量,保证了声压梯度和边界条件在区域边界的积分精度;采用径向插值形函数构造系统离散方程的质量矩阵,提高了声压数值近似函数的插值精度。对管道二维声腔模型和某轿车二维声腔模型的数值分析结果表明,与标准有限元法和SFEM相比,RIFEM的计算精度更高,对波数、单元尺寸和网格扭曲程度的灵敏度更低。因此RIFEM可以很好地应用于二维声学数值分析,具有广阔的工程应用前景。     

Three dimension profile extrusion simulation using meshfree method

A meshfree method based on reproducing kernel approximation and point collocation is presented for analysis of 3D profile extrusion processes. The point collocation method is a true meshfree method without the employment of a background mesh. We show that, in a point collocation approach, the implementation of program does not need the background mesh, which is a very time consuming process in a Galerkin method for integration. Among the points of the meshfree model, there is no connecting information. A mesh quality control method with mold interpenetration checking based on the Delaunay Bowyer-Watson algorithm is introduced to produce the topological relations, which enable us to show meshfree simulation results using the same procedure as in the finite element method. A C-shape profile extrusion application example is presented and compared with the finite element method to verify the proposed method.     

基于物质点法金属体积成形过程的仿真

针对传统有限元法开展金属体积成形分析过程中存在的网格畸变,以及在常规无网格法分析中存在的本质边界条件施加困难等问题,建立了基于物质点法金属体积成形过程的仿真模型。因其背景网格积分采用了有限元形函数,从而有效地解决了边界条件施加困难的问题。通过对圆柱顶镦和反向挤压等金属体积成形过程的仿真,并将仿真结果与实验和有限元结果进行了对比分析,结果显示物质点法不仅能有效地消除网格畸变,而且在金属发生大变形时其计算精度优于有限元法的计算精度。所得结论可为物质点法在弹塑性大变形分析中的应用提供指导。     

Numerical Method Based on Compatible Manifold Element for Thin Plate Bending

The typical quadrangular and triangular elements for thin plate bending based on Kirchhoff assumptions are the nonconforming elements with low computational accuracy and limitative application range in finite element method(FEM). Some compatible elements can be developed by the means of supplementing correction functions, increasing nodes in element or on the boundaries, expanding nodal degrees of freedom(DOF), etc, but these elements are inconvenient to apply in practice for the high calculation complexity. In this paper, in order to overcome the defects of thin plate bending finite element, numerical manifold method(NMM) was introduced to solve thin plate bending deformation problem. Rectangular mesh was adopted as mathematical mesh to form finite element cover system, and then 16-cover manifold element was proposed. Numerical manifold formulas were constructed on the basis of minimum potential energy principle, displacement boundary conditions are implemented by penalty function method, and all the element matrixes were derived in details. The 16-cover element has a simple calculation process for employing only the transverse displacement cover DOFs as the basic unknown variables, and has been proved to meet the requirements of completeness and full compatibility. As an application, the presented 16-cover element has been used to analyze bending deformation of square thin plate under different loads and boundary conditions, and the results show that numerical manifold method with compatible element, compared with finite element method, can improve computational accuracy and convergence greatly.     

A Petrov-Galerkin Natural Element Method Securing the Numerical Integration Accuracy

An improved meshfree method called the Petrov-Galerkin natural element (PG-NE) method is introduced in order to secure the numerical integration accuracy. As in the Bubnov-Galerkin natural element (BG-NE) method, we use Laplace interpolation function for the trial basis function and Delaunay triangles to define a regular integration background mesh. But, unlike the BG-NE method, the test basis function is differently chosen, based on the Petrov-Galerkin concept, such that its support coincides exactly with a regular integration region in background mesh. Illustrative numerical experiments verify that the present method successfully prevents the numerical accuracy deterioration stemming from the numerical integration error.     

二维声学数值计算的梯度最小二乘加权

针对传统有限元法求解声学问题由于刚度矩阵过硬导致较大的色散误差,以及在较高波数和网格扭曲时计算精度过低甚至错误的问题,采用移动最小二乘权函数对传统有限元法的声压梯度进行加权重构,推导了梯度移动最小二乘加权(Gradient weighted by moving least-squares,GW-MLS)的二维声学计算公式。对声压梯度的加权重构使得GW-MLS模型的刚度相对于FEM模型得以软化,刚度更接近真实模型刚度。采用与有限元法相同的方式构造质量矩阵和边界积分矢量,保证质量矩阵和边界条件的正确施加和积分精度。通过二维管道声腔模型和二维车内声腔模型算例对所提出的算法进行验证,数值分析结果表明,GW-MLS有效地减少了色散误差的影响,提高了计算精度,尤其是对较高波数和网格扭曲时表现出良好的适应性。