基于多级位平面交错的ROI图像编码

在许多的图像应用中，基于感兴趣区域(ROI)图像编码技术占有重要地位。在ROI图像编码中，感兴趣区域采用低压缩比以得到较高的图像质量，而背景区域(ROB)则采用高压缩比以达到相对低一点的图像质量。因此，这种技术能很好地解决图像质量和压缩比之间的矛盾。在JPEG2000中已采用了General Scaling Based Method和Maxshift Method的ROI编码技术，但在一些应用中它们仍不能满足要求。为此提出了一种基于多级位平面交错(MBI)的编码算法。该算法具有多ROI编码、ROI-ROB重要性编码等特点，能够满足不同应用场合下的编码要求。     

监视监控类（新品精选）

KV-DR50xxW-S ROI编码分析技术网络硬盘录像机 新品特色：·在国内外市场上已广泛的应用于银行、电信、电力、司法、交通、学校、智能小区、工厂、仓库、资源、水利设施等各领域、各部门的安全防范;·感兴趣区域（ROI）编码技术，即用户可在画面中圈出其感兴趣区域，利用ROI技术节省非感兴趣区域的码流，从而让感兴趣区域里的画面获得理想的高质量图像。     

在线掌纹自动识别中的图像分割

掌纹图像的分割是针对一幅掌纹，找出感兴趣的目标区域（ROI），使之从背景中分离出来，它是掌纹特征提取和进一步的匹配的关键步骤。传统的Otsu阎值化算法能有效地将掌纹从背景中分离，通过旋转与平移，使掌纹图像进一步精确定位与归一化，并选择纹线集中的部分实现了在线掌纹图像的分割。实验结果验证了此法的有效性。     

图像感兴趣区域检测技术

感兴趣区域（ROI）检测技术,是将图像中最能表现图像内容的关键区域提取出来的技术。对现有的静态图像ROI检测技术进行讨论。分析ROI检测技术的产生背景,评述几种当前较具代表性的ROI检测算法。详细讨论基于视觉特征的ROI检测算法,最后列举一些主要的ROI应用方向,并对ROI检测技术的发展前景进行展望。     

用于实现医学图像ROI对比度增强的可逆数据隐藏算法

基于可逆数据隐藏技术具有可以准确地提取嵌入的秘密消息并无损还原原始载体的特点,可逆数据隐藏技术被广泛使用在医学和军事等领域。提出一种新的基于直方图平移的可逆数据隐藏算法,针对医学图像的像素分布特点,利用最大类间方差法分离背景和前景区域,确定边缘像素。对已有算法的预处理过程进行改进,使其能够自适应地选择最优预处理区间,降低视觉失真,并在信息嵌入的同时使医学图像感兴趣区域的对比度增强效果得到逐步改善,最终原始医学图像可以无失真地恢复。与现在已知的方法相比,新算法可以使医学图像ROI的对比度增强效果得到更明显的改善,大幅度提高了图像的视觉质量。     

一种基于关注区域的图像细匹配法

为了缩小图像低级视觉特征与高级语义概念之间的差距,在物体层次上进行图像检索,论文提出了一种新的基于感兴趣区域(ROI)的图像细匹配法。与已有的基于感兴趣区域的检索方法相比,该方法很好地利用了感兴趣区域的空间信息,采用多分辨率检索思想,能够有效地对不同大小任意形状的物体进行检索。基于Corel图像库的实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地对各种物体进行检索,对物体的平移、缩放具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于最大类间方差图象分割和ROI区域的数字水印

提出一种利用图象分割而划分图像ROI区域,从而进行水印的自适应嵌入的新方法。图像分割是图像处理中的基本操作,通过基于内容的图像分割,可以将图像中的感兴趣区域（ROI）提取出来,图像分块后,将在感兴趣区域的块中进行水印的嵌入,水印嵌入到各子块DCT域的中频部分,从而充分提高水印的鲁棒性。     

基于小波变换的多尺度SAR图像比对

提出一种基于小波变换在多尺度条件下用特征匹配进行SAR图像比对的方法，针对不同时间所采集的同一区域的SAR图像，自动快速地确定感兴趣的区域（ROI）并作出标识。实验结果表明，该方法能准确地进行SAR图像比对和ROI标识，具有实际应用价值。     

乳腺X射线数字影像中钙化点感兴趣区域提取方法

为乳腺X射线影像计算机辅助诊断做前期预处理,研究了乳腺图像处理中钙化点感兴趣区域提取的问题。在对乳腺X射线图像进行基本的背景分割后,首先运用改进的区域扩张法实现了对乳腺图像中乳腺区域的提取,然后对乳腺区域部分采用改进的反锐化掩模法进行图像增强,突出钙化点区域,再根据含钙化点的特征选取合适的阈值提取出可能含有钙化点的感兴趣区域（ROI）。试验表明,该方法可完成对乳腺影像的ROI提取处理,有助于提高乳腺疾病诊断的准确率。     

基于位平面压缩的密文医学图像可逆信息隐藏算法

针对目前医学图像可逆信息隐藏算法嵌入容量小、需要对图像进行感兴趣区域（ROI）划分、接收方操作不灵活等缺点,结合医学图像特点,提出了一种基于位平面压缩的可分离式密文域信息隐藏算法。首先,将256级灰度医学图像分解成8个位平面,压缩高4个位平面,用峰值点像素值填充压缩后的空间,重构图像;然后,对重构的图像头部、中部、尾部分别加密;最后,在尾部根据嵌入密钥选取位置,通过直方图平移算法嵌入信息,接收方可根据密钥持有情况实现信息提取与图像恢复的可分离操作。实验结果表明,通过压缩图像预留空间来存放信息避免了辅助信息的传输,能有效提高嵌入容量,同时具有较高的安全性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.