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以咸蛋清为原料,用酸性蛋白酶对其进行酶解,以蛋白回收率和水解度为指标,通过单因素实验考察了酶解时间、加酶量、pH和酶解温度对咸蛋清深度酶解的影响,优化了咸蛋清蛋白深度酶解工艺,并对最佳工艺条件下获得的咸蛋清蛋白酶解液进行肽分子量分布的测定。研究结果表明:咸蛋清蛋白深度酶解最佳工艺条件是:稀释后的咸蛋清调节pH至4.0,酸性蛋白酶的加酶量为0.3%(E/S),温度为55℃,酶解时间为48h;此最佳工艺得到的咸蛋清蛋白酶解液中肽分子量主要为3000u以下,其中分子量为1000~3000u占49.28%,分子量为1000u以下占35.73%。 相似文献
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通过单因素实验考察了超声处理对玉米蛋白水解度的影响;并在单因素实验的基础上,通过对超声波功率、底物浓度、酶与底物浓度比、水解时间进行四因素三水平正交实验,确定了在超声波作用下玉米蛋白最佳的酶解条件。结果表明,超声处理不改变玉米蛋白水解过程中底物浓度、酶浓度、反应温度、反应时间与水解度之间关系的变化趋势,但能使水解度明显提高。在超声波作用下,玉米蛋白酶解的最佳反应条件为:超声波功率200W,玉米蛋白粉浓度6%,酶与底物浓度比0.7%,pH9.0,55℃下水解1h。此时,玉米蛋白的水解度为25.14%,比对照提高了14.68%。 相似文献
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酶解蛋清蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为获取酶解蛋清蛋白制备血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制肽的工艺参数,研究4种蛋白酶酶解蛋清蛋白所得产物对ACE的抑制活性,筛选出胰蛋白酶作为制备蛋清蛋白ACE抑制肽的适宜用酶。运用响应曲面法研究酶解时间、底物浓度([S])和酶与底物质量比([E]/[S])对制备ACE抑制肽工艺的影响,建立以上3因素与ACE抑制率关系的数学模型。结果确定胰蛋白酶酶解蛋清蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的适宜酶解条件为酶解时间4.87h、[S]3.06%、[E]/[S]2.91%、酶解温度45℃、pH7.4,此条件下制备的蛋清蛋白酶解产物ACE抑制率达到50.73%。 相似文献
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利用超声波技术辅助酶解鸡骨架,制得鸡骨蛋白酶解产物,比较了超声功率、超声处理时间对鸡骨架酶解产物特性的影响。实验结果表明,不同超声波功率及超声处理时间对酶解液的水解度、多肽含量、滋味等特性的影响程度不同,800 W、30 min为最适超声条件,在此条件下,鸡骨蛋白酶解液的水解度及其多肽含量得到提高,DH可达24%,同时鲜味增强;蛋白结构分析表明,超声破坏了蛋白的网络结构,蛋白分子的活性位点被更多的暴露,使得酶解过程中的水解度、活性肽段释放效率、鲜味响应值得到提升。 相似文献
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用碱性蛋白酶(Alcalase)对啤酒糟醇溶蛋白进行水解,并使用正交试验设计以水解度为指标对酶法水解进行了优化。结果表明,啤酒糟醇溶蛋白的酶解最优条件为底物浓度2%,酶解温度60℃,pH9.5,酶浓度(E/S)0.096 AU/g,酶解时间3h。以DPPH自由基清除率和羟自由基清除率为指标,用抗坏血酸做对照,对酶解产物的抗氧化活性进行了分析。分别得到了两种自由基清除的最优酶解条件。啤酒糟醇溶蛋白酶解产物对不同自由基的最佳清除作用的水解条件不一致,可能与所产生的多肽对几种自由基的清除机理有关。 相似文献
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采用超声波对鹰嘴豆蛋白进行预处理,研究超声波参数对鹰嘴豆蛋白抗氧化肽活性的影响规律。以还原力、·OH清除率和水解度为指标,设计Box-Behnken试验,考察超声波功率、超声时间、超声温度对鹰嘴豆蛋白酶解产物水解度及抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明,超声波预处理优化工艺参数为超声波功率750W,超声时间28min,超声温度48℃;鹰嘴豆酶解产物的·OH清除率、还原力、水解度分别为95.97%、1.73、25.04%,与理论预测值95.20%、1.75、25.41%误差均在±1%以内,表明采用响应面方法(RSM)优化的工艺条件参数准确、可靠,所建立的预测模型在实践中可行。与未经超声波预处理的比较,·OH的半清除质量浓度IC50值从10.58g/L降到8.81g/L;当多肽质量浓度为12g/L时,还原力从1.46增加到2.16;水解度从20.03%增加到25.04%。超声波预处理能提高鹰嘴豆蛋白的酶解效率和抗氧化活性。 相似文献
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目的优化豆芽蛋白酶水解的条件,并探讨其致敏性的变化。方法利用Alcalase 2.4L碱性蛋白酶水解豆芽蛋白,以水解度为评价指标,根据单因素实验优化豆芽蛋白的酶水解条件,并通过IgG、IgE的结合实验评估酶解产物潜在致敏性的变化。结果酶水解豆芽蛋白的优化工艺条件:底物浓度为8%、酶与底物比(E/S)为1:20(m:m)、酶解时间为4 h。豆芽蛋白酶水解产物的抗原性低于大豆蛋白酶解产物的抗原性,但豆芽蛋白水解产物的IgE结合能力高于大豆蛋白酶解产物的IgE结合能力。结论大豆经过发芽处理后再用Alcalase2.4L轻度水解能有效降低大豆蛋白的潜在致敏性。 相似文献
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着重研究了超声波的作用时间、作用方式对植鞣革收缩温度的影响。试验结果表明 :频率为 2 3.7k Hz的超声波主要对鞣制初期产生影响 ,能显著促进鞣制初期的鞣质向皮内渗透 ,这可能是由于超声波的空化效应促进了鞣质胶体的进一步分散。例如 ,采用传统池鞣法的橡和荆树皮栲胶 ,需 4 .5 h和 3.5 h才能渗透裸皮 ,而在超声波作用下 ,这 2种栲胶的渗透时间减少为 3h和 1.5 h。超声波作用对植鞣革最终的收缩温度影响不大 ,表明超声波对植鞣的强化作用主要表现在提高栲胶的渗透速率、缩短鞣制时间 ,但并未改变植物单宁与裸皮的结合方式 相似文献
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《Journal of food engineering》2009,90(4):408-413
This work was undertaken in order to determine the feasibility of a low intensity ultrasonic sensor to be used in the control of the cake manufacturing process. A set of 27 batters with different oil, egg and sugar contents were elaborated to obtain products with different physical characteristics. The physical properties of batters (density, viscosity and rheology) and cakes (volume, symmetry, volume index, height and density) were correlated with ultrasonic measurements. Significant correlations were obtained between the acoustic impedance and the batter consistency (R2 = 0.53), G″ (R2 = 0.66), and G1 (R2 = 0.53). The ultrasound measurement provided better correlations with physical properties of cakes than any of the conventional methods of batter measurement. This system has shown an interesting potential for industrial applications, especially in the detection of deficient batters. 相似文献
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超声波辅助提取樱桃中原花青素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
原花青素具有多种生物活性.本文利用超声波辅助,甲醇溶液提取樱桃中的原花青素,并通过紫外可见分光光度计对提取物中的原花青素进行定量测定.比较了樱桃叶、樱桃籽和果肉三种材料中原花青素的含量,确定樱桃叶为最佳提取原料.通过单因素试验分析了超声提取过程中甲醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取频率等因素对樱桃叶中原花青素提取率的影响.在单因素试验的基础上,采用L16 (45)正交试验获得了从樱桃叶中提取原花青素的最佳条件,即提取温度50℃,料液比为1:30,甲醇浓度70%,提取时间20min,超声频率为低频.各因素中,提取温度对原花青素提取效果影响最大.在最佳提取条件下,樱桃叶中原花青素的提取率为5.17%. 相似文献
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Characterization of cake batters by ultrasound measurements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Manuel Gmez Bonastre Oliete Javier García-lvarez Felicidad Ronda Jordi Salazar 《Journal of food engineering》2008,89(4):408-413
This work was undertaken in order to determine the feasibility of a low intensity ultrasonic sensor to be used in the control of the cake manufacturing process. A set of 27 batters with different oil, egg and sugar contents were elaborated to obtain products with different physical characteristics. The physical properties of batters (density, viscosity and rheology) and cakes (volume, symmetry, volume index, height and density) were correlated with ultrasonic measurements. Significant correlations were obtained between the acoustic impedance and the batter consistency (R2 = 0.53), G″ (R2 = 0.66), and G* (R2 = 0.53). The ultrasound measurement provided better correlations with physical properties of cakes than any of the conventional methods of batter measurement. This system has shown an interesting potential for industrial applications, especially in the detection of deficient batters. 相似文献
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It has been known for a long time that acoustic measurements offer some unique features for characterizing liquid food products in their intact state, without any preparation or destruction of the product sample. Acoustic characterization can yield information about fat content, droplet size distribution, and kinetics of product variation with time. Furthermore, acoustic methods are very attractive for on-line process control. This paper addresses several questions: Why does ultrasound attenuate when propagating through a heterogeneous system? What properties of dairy products can be extracted from such ultrasound measurements? Which measurement is better for product characterization: attenuation or sound speed? What measurement precision is required to adequately characterize product properties? What frequency range is of most value for determining these product properties?It is possible to provide answers to many of these questions using experimental data, thereby avoiding, for the moment, any complex mathematical analysis. We present several applications of acoustic spectroscopy for characterizing dairy products, including characterization of the fat content in a wide variety of dairy products; calculation of the fat droplet size distribution in milk without dilution; and calculation of water droplet size in butter, without dilution or melting. 相似文献