楔横轧一次楔成形极限断面收缩率实验研究

为了探索工艺参数对楔横轧一次楔成形极限断面收缩率的影响规律,进行了实验研究,发现一次楔成形断面收缩率最大可达97.75%.用软件Origin,SPSS对数据进行分析,揭示了极限断面收缩率随成形角α、展宽长度K的增大而减小,随展宽角β的增大而增大的规律,并发现展宽角β对极限断面收缩率的影响最为显著.研究结果拓宽了楔横轧加工界限,为改进楔横轧模具设计提供一定依据.     

楔横轧工艺参数对心部疏松的影响

应用数理统计学理论对北京科技大学所做实验的心部疏松实验数据进行处理,得到轧件心部疏松等级的回归方程,经检验,方程拟合良好且显著。通过对回归方程的分析,得出展宽角和断面收缩率存在很强的交互效应——当小展宽角大断面收缩率或大展宽角小断面收缩率时容易产生心部疏松;当成形角较小时也较容易产生心部疏松。研究结果为进一步探索楔横轧的疏松机理提供了依据。     

工艺参数对楔横轧GH4169合金轴类件力能参数的影响

利用DEFORM-3D有限元软件建立了其三维刚塑性有限元模型,通过仿真与实验相结合的方法,分析展宽角、成形角、断面收缩率对GH4169合金成形过程中力能参数的影响规律。结果表明在展宽段有:随着成形角的增大,径向力、横向力和轧制力矩均减小,轴向力略增大,但增大幅度不明显;随着展宽角的增大,径向力、横向力和轧制力矩均增大,轴向力减小;随着断面收缩率的增大,径向力、横向力和轧制力矩先增大后减小,轴向力增大。采用无量纲影响因子法,综合分析获得了工艺参数对力能参数影响的主次顺序。在此基础上,进行了1∶1楔横轧GH4169合金实验,得到轧制力矩与数值模拟结果相对误差在10%以内。研究结果为GH4169合金轴类件楔横轧成形合理选取工艺参数和轧机设计力能参数确定提供参考。     

工艺参数对楔横轧连杆杆部中心质量的影响研究

针对楔横轧连杆杆部中心质量差的问题,对它的模具进行了优化设计。研究了模具的展宽角、成形角以及坯料温度对轧件最大主应力的影响,并对结果进行了生产验证。结果表明:当展宽角为7°~8.5°,成形角为24°~32°,坯料温度为1050~1200℃时,轧件中心的最大主应力在合理范围且中心质量合格。     

多楔楔横轧复杂铝合金轴类件堆料缺陷的影响因素研究

在楔横轧多楔复杂轴类件成形过程中,堆料缺陷影响坯料的外部尺寸,对后续的成形质量产生很大的影响。本文通过三维有限元数值模拟分析了楔横轧工艺参数对铝合金轴类件堆料缺陷的影响。结果表明:轧制速度对堆料的影响最大,轧件成形轧制速度控制在8 r/min时堆料程度最小;断面分配系数对堆料的影响次之,堆料缺陷程度随断面分配系数的增大而增加;成形角对堆料影响最小,堆料缺陷程度随多楔成形角的增大而增加。     

二辊楔横轧工艺参数的研究

从理论上导出了二辊楔横轧的旋转条件以及不产生缩颈的极限条件和不产生中心疏松或裂纹的条件，得出了成形角、展宽角以及断面收缩率之间的关系。这些关系对于参数的选择和模具设计具有一定的实用价值。     

工艺参数对楔横轧厚壁空心轴不圆度的影响

采用有限元软件DEFORM-3D对楔横轧厚壁空心轴进行热力耦合数值模拟,得到了工艺参数对楔横轧厚壁空心轴不圆度的影响规律。结果表明,在成形角35°～45°、展宽角4°～7°、断面收缩率35%～65%、轧制温度900℃～1100℃时,轧件不圆度与成形角及断面收缩率的变化成反比,与展宽角及轧制温度变化成正比。采用H630楔横轧机进行轧制实验验证了有限元模型的正确性。模拟与实验结果证明,轧件横截面失圆是楔横轧成形厚壁空心轴类件常见的质量问题;变形区金属沿轴向的流动受到未变形金属的阻碍,是造成不圆度在轧件的对称面上最大并沿轴向逐渐减小的原因。研究结果为确定楔横轧厚壁空心轴的工艺参数提供了理论依据。     

二辊楔横轧工艺技术参数的研究

就二辊楔横轧工艺从理论上导出了旋转条件以及不产生缩颈的极限条件和不产生中心疏松或裂纹的条件，提出了成形角，展宽角以及断面收缩率之间的关系，这些关系对于参数的选择和模具设计具有一定的实用价值。     

球头销板式冷楔横轧成形可行性研究

球头销是汽车转向系统中重要零件之一,通常采用冷锻成形。针对断面收缩率小以及展宽角小的球头销类零件,本文提出了一种冷态板式楔横轧工艺。通过有限元数值模拟,对球头销的轧制成形进行了应力、载荷分析。对球头销板式楔横轧成形进行了研究。结果表明:轧件材料流动合理,径向力在成形过程中占主导地位,端面平整,无缺陷产生,球头销板式冷楔横轧成形是可行的。     

工艺参数对闭开联合楔横轧轴件端部质量的影响

为了精确控制楔横轧轴件端部质量,实现无料头精确成形,提出了闭开联合楔横轧轧制新方法。采用DEFORM-3D有限元软件研究了闭式阶段不同工艺参数对轧件端部质量的影响规律及影响程度。结果表明:凹心值随着闭式成形角、展宽角和台阶长度的增大而减小;随端部轧制长度的增大而增大;随断面收缩率的增大先增大后减小;且影响因素的主次顺序为端部轧制长度、断面收缩率、闭式展宽角、闭式成形角、台阶长度。并对模拟结果进行了实验验证。     

Influence of tool parameters on internal voids in cross wedge rolling of aluminum alloy parts

The internal void of cross wedge rolling (CWR) part can be treated as porous material due to their similar physical property and deformation characteristics. Aiming at the CWR process of aluminum alloy 7075 workpiece, the numerical simulation model for internal void was established by means of the rigid-plastic FEM method for the porous material. The relative density was used to research the influence of three primary parameters on the internal void in CWR process, including the forming angle α₁, the stretching angle β and the area reduction ΔA. The experimental results show that the expansion of internal void occurs in the stretching zone, and the knifing zone just has a little influence on it. The stretching angle has a great influence on the internal void, while the area reduction has a small influence on it. The size of internal voids decreases with the increase of area reduction, stretching angle and forming angle. When designing the CWR tool geometry and operating conditions, to prevent the internal void, the area reduction is suggested to be 55%–65%, the stretching angle to be 8°–10°, and the forming angle to be 29°–32°.     

Analysis of interfacial slip in cross-wedge rolling: a numerical and phenomenological investigation

Friction and slip between the workpiece and the tool in metal forming processes are important issues in tool design and product development. This paper characterizes the tool–workpiece interfacial slip in a flat-wedge cross-wedge rolling process (CWR) using an explicit dynamic finite element method. An experimentally validated finite-element model of CWR is used to investigate the effects of the friction coefficient, the forming angle, and the area reduction on the tool–workpiece interfacial slip. A total of 14 rolling conditions are analyzed. An analytical CWR model for the workpiece rotational condition, which predicts the onset of rotation, is derived. Using this model, the critical area reduction and friction coefficient are compared with the failure conditions that occurred in the finite-element modeling and the prototype experiments. The variation of interfacial slip with CWR design parameters is found to provide insight regarding the CWR process design.     

楔横轧变形过程中轧件内部金属流动的规律

应用DEFORM-3D有限元数值模拟软件,以楔横轧理论为基础,通过对楔横轧变形过程进行三维数值模拟研究,得到了反映轧件内部变形规律的速度场和位移场,以及轧件内部应力应变状态,并研究了不同变形量下轧件内部各主应力应变状态及主应力方向的特征及变化规律,深入地分析了生产中轧件端部产生凹心和变形区前沿的局部隆起现象。     

大锻件锻造拔长砧型

利用有限元软件模拟了V型砧的锻造拔长过程,并对不同夹角的V型砧压下后锻坯塑性变形区内应力、应变的状态进行比较。结果显示,在117°～153°温度范围内,V型角越大,锻坯心部金属获得的变形量越大,但同时锻坯次表层金属的变形程度减小。为此,将V型砧夹角处的V型砧面改为凸型平砧面,提出了梯型砧锻造拔长工艺。结果表明,梯型砧工艺提高了锻坯内部的压应力水平,使锻坯心部和次表层金属同时获得了较大且均匀的变形,有助于扩大锻坯内部孔洞的锻合范围,改善大锻件的内部质量。     

三拐曲轴锻造工艺研究应用

采用120°角度尺等简单自制工辅具,实现了对曲拐空间相位角度和偏心量的控制,减少三拐曲轴工艺重量、降低材料成本,成功整体锻造了隔膜泵三拐曲轴,实现了自由锻无错移大偏心曲拐成形,降低了加工周期,外形尺寸及内部质量均符合技术要求。     

Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的激光弯曲成形特性

以Ti-6Al-4V薄板材料为研究对象,研究了激光弯曲成形技术在钛合金上的应用特征.通过实验描述了不同扫描参数对弯曲角的影响规律,并对多次扫描下的板材弯曲动态特性进行了研究.结果表明:弯曲角随扫描次数呈近似的线性增加关系;在扫描次数一定的情况下,存在一个最优的累积线能量使弯曲角达到最大;不同的材料状态在加热和冷却过程呈现出不同的弯曲动态特性.此外,对激光弯曲后的材料微观组织、力学性能进行了测量和分析.结果表明:扫描参数的选择对发生相变的区域形状与相变区组织有较大影响;多次扫描后,加热区材料的强度与硬度均增加,塑性降低.     

Rigid-plastic finite element analysis of plastic deformation of porous metal sheets containing internal void defects

Using rigid-plastic finite element DEFORM-2D and -3D software, this study simulates the plastic deformation of metal sheets at the roll gap during the sheet rolling process. The study focuses specifically upon the deformation of porous metal sheets containing internal void defects. The present numerical analysis investigates the relative density distributions, the void closure behavior, the deformation mechanisms and the stress–strain distributions around the internal voids for various rolling conditions. The influences on the dimensions of the final void of the thickness reduction, the initial internal void dimensions, the friction factors and the relative density are systematically discussed. The critical rolling conditions also investigated. A series of sheet rolling experiments are performed in order to verify the validity of the simulation results. The current numerical results provide a valuable source of reference for the design of pass schedules for porous metals undergoing rolling processes.     

Low conductivity plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating using hollow psz spheres: Correlation between thermophysical properties and microstructure

Life and thermal properties of plasma sprayed TBCs - widely used in gas turbine engines - are closely related to the microstructure of the ceramic top coating. Especially, the thermal behaviour of this coating is induced by the void shapes and networks which are in turn determined by both the spraying conditions and the feedstock material.A specific hollow yttria partially stabilised zirconia powder was produced in a one-step process by spray drying and an experimental statistical design study was conducted to investigate the influence of spraying variables (primary and secondary gas flow rates, arc current, spraying distance, spraying angle and traverse speed) on structure and properties of resulting plasma sprayed coatings. The coatings were characterized with respect to deposition efficiency, roughness, porosity and thermal conductivity. A reduction of 25% of the thermal conductivity was achieved by improving the spray and powder parameters. A quantitative characterization of the porous structure using image analysis of polished cross-sections was implemented. The parameters that have relevant influence on the coating porous structure were identified, and their relative importance was determined. An attempt was made to identify morphological criteria of the porous network (coarse/fine porosity ratio, cracks total length, cracks orientation) correlating with the thermal conductivity values.