介孔分子筛SBA-15的研究进展

自从介孔分子筛SBA - 15首次合成出来 ,成为众多研究领域的一个研究热点。文章综述了介孔分子筛SBA -15的合成及机理 ,影响孔径尺寸的因素及研究应用进展 ,介孔分子筛SBA - 15在催化、吸附和分离及纳米材料等领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

介孔材料SBA-15固定化脂肪酶的研究进展

介孔材料由于其孔道分布有序且孔径均匀等优点而在固定化酶催化领域引起人们的广泛关注.本文综述了新型介孔材料SBA-15对脂肪酶固定化的研究进展.总结了SBA-15的孔径大小、形貌及等电点等因素对脂肪酶固定化的影响.归纳了SBA-15上三种不同固定化方法的优缺点,并介绍了SBA-15固定化脂肪酶在手性拆分、酯水解、酯合成及转醇化反应等领域的应用.最后提出SBA-15固定化脂肪酶在发展过程中存在的问题以及今后的发展趋势.     

Microporosity in Mesoporous SBA-15 Supports: A Factor Influencing the Catalytic Performance of Immobilized Metalloporphyrin

MnTMPyP cationic metalloporphyrin was immobilized by means of ion exchange on a series of aluminated SBA-15 mesoporous silica supports prepared by different methods. The solids were characterized with XRD, HRTEM, HRSEM, chemical analysis, and nitrogen sorption isotherms. The catalysts were tested in the reaction of cyclohexene oxidation with iodozobenzene. It was found that immobilization significantly enhances catalytic activity as compared to the homogeneous system. In contrast to previously investigated metalloporphyrin catalysts immobilized on aluminated HMS, MCM-41 or FSM-16 type supports, where too narrow pores limited the formation of epoxide and enhanced allylic oxidation, the use of aluminated large pore SBA-15 solids favoured the epoxidation pathway and resulted in yields significantly higher than in the case of homogeneous reaction. The catalysts showed important differences in the level of allylic oxidation. Analysis of various factors potentially influencing the product distribution demonstrates that the key role in determining the contribution of allylic oxidation is the microporosity nature of the support, in particular, the lack or presence of supermicropores capable of accommodating metalloporphyrin species. The MnTMPyP centres confined in supermicropores experience steric limitations, which do not allow for the formation of epoxide and favour allylic oxidation.     

Selective oxidation of indole by chloroperoxidase immobilized on the mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15

The selective oxidation of hydrocarbons is an important value-enhancing chemical transformation in particular with respect to fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals production. Enzymatic oxidations operate under mild reaction conditions and produce little if any waste. However, its industrial use is still limited mainly due to their high cost and the low space time yields. In the present work, chloroperoxiase from Calariomyces fumago immobilized on the mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 was applied for the oxidation of indole to 2-oxoindole using hydrogen peroxide or tert.-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidants. The performance of the immobilized enzyme was found to be superior to native chloroperoxidase with respect to maximum conversion and pH range applicable. However, immobilized CPO is still sensitive to high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. The use of tert.-buty hydroperoxide is found to avoid this problem, but the reaction rate is significantly reduced.     

非贵金属单质掺杂SBA-15介孔材料的研究进展

本文综述了非贵金属单质掺杂介孔分子筛SBA-15复合材料的研究进展,介绍了不同非贵金属掺杂改性型SBA-15基介孔材料的制备方法、合成条件等因素对其结构及性能的影响,并展望了今后其研究发展方向和应用前景.     

有机氯硅烷修饰的介孔SBA-15及其疏水性

在非极性溶剂(甲苯)中,用三甲基氯硅烷和苯基二甲基氯硅烷对全硅介孔分子筛SBA-15进行了表面修饰.利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和低温N2吸附-脱附等手段对样品进行了结构分析;并通过测定样品在水或正己烷饱和蒸汽中的吸附量,研究了它们的疏水性.结果表明,表面改性后的SBA-15仍保持完好...     

介孔分子筛SBA-15的改性研究进展

从金属改性、酸改性和氧化物改性三方面综述了介孔分子筛SBA-15的改性研究进展,重点介绍了SBA-15表面功能化后引入金属改性的方法。评述了金属纳米粒子的制备对改性的SBA-15催化剂催化性能的影响。     

介孔分子筛SBA-15在催化领域的应用进展

从负载固体酸催化剂、金属和金属氧化物以及手性催化剂三方面综述了介孔分子筛SBA-15在催化领域应用的研究进展;并展望了介孔分子筛SBA-15在催化领域的研究方向。     

不同铝源对SBA-15分子筛改性影响

为比较不同铝源对SBA-15分子筛改性的影响,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,分别用异丙醇铝、氯化铝和硝酸铝对SBA-15分子筛进行改性, 运用XRD、N2等温吸附-脱附、SEM、 TEM和气相色谱对样品进行表征。将3种不同铝源改性SBA-15分子筛与USY分子筛复合制备加氢裂化催化剂,在固定床微型反应装置进行加氢裂化性能评价,结果表明,异丙醇铝在酸性条件下水解生成的Al(OH)^-₄更容易进入SiO₂骨架中,生成的产物异丙醇不影响铝离子的掺杂,由于异丙醇铝与正硅酸乙酯的水解速率一致,改性后所得材料孔分布更均一,规整性更高。将异丙醇铝对SBA-15分子筛改性后,与USY制备的复合分子筛催化剂用于正十二烷加氢裂化反应,选择性和转化率优于氯化铝和硝酸铝改性的分子筛。     

对甲苯磺酸改性SBA-15的合成及催化合成乙酸正丁酯

采用浸渍法将含有磺酸基的对甲苯磺酸负载在SBA-15表面上,合成含有一定酸性的固体酸催化剂TsOH-SBA-15。催化剂的制备条件为:对甲苯磺酸的浸渍浓度为0.5 mol/L,焙烧温度为300℃,焙烧时间为4 h。用XRD,IR,DTA/TGA,氮吸附-脱附等方法对改性后的样品进行表征。结果表明,改性后的SBA-15分子筛的结构未发生变化,仍具有有序孔道结构。TsOH-SBA-15催化剂对冰乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应具有较高的活性,正交实验结果为:反应时间80 m in,n(冰乙酸)∶n(正丁醇)=1∶1.2,催化剂用量为冰乙酸质量的5%,此时酯化率可达到95%。     

分子筛SBA-15对有机气体的吸附-脱附性能

以聚乙二醇-聚丙三醇-聚乙二醇为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,在不同晶化温度下制备了比表面积和晶化不同的SBA-15介孔分子筛,用穿透曲线和程序升温脱附考察了分子筛对甲苯和乙酸乙酯的吸脱附性能。实验结果表明,随着晶化温度从80 ℃升高到135 ℃,SBA-15分子筛对有机气体吸附量减少,脱附温度降低。通过比较发现,分子筛对甲苯的吸附容量比对乙酸乙酯的吸附容量小,SBA-15分子筛呈现亲乙酸乙酯和憎甲苯的性能。     

SBA-15介孔分子筛及其主-客体复合材料研究的某些进展

对分子筛的发展历程、SBA-15介孔分子筛的合成方法、近年来以SBA-15介孔分子筛作主体合成主-客体复合材料的研究情况、SBA-15分子筛及其复合材料的应用进行了综述,并对SBA-15介孔分子筛在未来的发展进行了展望.     

Highly Effective Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane Over Vanadia Supported on Mesoporous SBA-15 Silica

Vanadia-containing mesoporous SBA-15 catalysts were prepared and characterized for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane. It is demonstrated that the vanadia-supported SBA-15 catalysts exhibit a much higher catalytic activity than those reported in the literature obtained over vanadium-supported mesoporous MCM-41 catalysts in the ODH of propane. The high catalytic performance of the mesoporous SBA-15 catalysts is attributed to the particularly large pore diameters and low surface acidity.     

以微晶纤维素为助剂制备Ni/SBA-15加氢脱芳催化剂

以微晶纤维素(MCC)为辅助模板剂,制备了SBA-15介孔分子筛,并以该材料为载体制备了Ni/SBA-15-MCC加氢脱芳催化剂。通过XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、FTIR、XPS、H₂-TPR和SEM等手段对催化剂进行了表征。以萘的十二烷溶液为模拟油,在微型固定床反应器上评价了其催化性能。结果表明,与未添加MCC的Ni/SBA-15催化剂相比,Ni/SBA-15-MCC催化剂的孔径增大,介孔有序度更高,Ni/SBA-15-MCC表面残留的含碳基团使NiO与载体的相互作用力减弱。这些变化有利于减小反应的扩散阻力,有利于NiO分散及还原,缓解萘和四氢萘的竞争吸附,从而提高催化剂的活性及选择性。在反应压力3MPa,温度280℃,氢油体积比360,质量空速2.5 h–1的条件下,Ni/SBA-15-MCC萘转化率接近100%,十氢萘选择性约为98%,与Ni/SBA-15相比,分别提高了6%和10%。     

Structure and Photoluminescent Properties of ZnO Encapsulated in Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 Fabricated by Two-Solvent Strategy

The two-solvent method was employed to prepare ZnO encapsulated in mesoporous silica (ZnO/SBA-15). The prepared ZnO/SBA-15 samples have been studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The ZnO/SBA-15 nanocomposite has the ordered hexagonal mesostructure of SBA-15. ZnO clusters of a high loading are distributed in the channels of SBA-15. Photoluminescence spectra show the UV emission band around 368 nm, the violet emission around 420 nm, and the blue emission around 457 nm. The UV emission is attributed to band-edge emission of ZnO. The violet emission results from the oxygen vacancies on the ZnO–SiO₂ interface traps. The blue emission is from the oxygen vacancies or interstitial zinc ions of ZnO. The UV emission and blue emission show a blue-shift phenomenon due to quantum-confinement-induced energy gap enhancement of ZnO clusters. The ZnO clusters encapsulated in SBA-15 can be used as light-emitting diodes and ultraviolet nanolasers.     

以微晶纤维素为助剂制备Ni/SBA-15加氢脱芳催化剂

以微晶纤维素（MCC）为辅助模板剂,制备了SBA-15介孔分子筛,并以该材料为载体制备了Ni/SBA-15-MCC加氢脱芳催化剂。通过XRD、N2吸附-脱附、FTIR、XPS、H2-TPR和SEM等手段对催化剂进行了表征,以萘的十二烷溶液为模拟油,在微型固定床反应器上评价了其催化性能。结果表明：与未添加MCC的Ni/SBA-15催化剂相比,Ni/SBA-15-MCC催化剂的孔径增大,介孔有序度更高,Ni/SBA-15-MCC表面残留的含碳基团使NiO与载体的相互作用力减弱。这些变化有利于减小反应的扩散阻力,有利于NiO分散及还原,缓解萘和四氢萘的竞争吸附,从而提高催化剂的活性及选择性。在反应压力3 MPa,温度280 ℃,氢油体积比360,质量空速2.5 h-1的条件下,Ni/SBA-15-MCC萘转化率接近100%,十氢萘选择性为98%,与Ni/SBA-15相比,分别提高了6%和10%。     

Organo-Modification of Mesoporous SBA-15 with Chiral Diacid and its Utilization for the Preparation of L-Phenylalanine-Based Poly(amide-imide) Nanocomposites

In this study ultrasonic irradiation has been proposed for organo-modification of SBA-15 with N,N′-(pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-phenylalanine. Chiral poly(amide-imide) (PAI) was synthesized by the direct polymerization of L-chiral diacid and 4,4-diaminodiphenyle sulfone in molten tetrabutylammonium bromide. Different nanocomposites (NCs) of modified SBA-15 and chiral PAI were synthesized by solution intercalation method under ultrasonic irradiation. The structures and morphology of the hybrids were investigated by different techniques. The NCs showed an improvement in the thermal properties in comparison with the neat PAI. Transmission electron microscopy images show well-ordered hexagonal arrays of mesopores SBA and the average distances between neighboring pores is around 3–5 nm.     

V/ SBA-15分子筛的制备及其对乙苯制苯乙酮反应的催化性能

以聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物(简称P123)为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,前驱体为柠檬酸氧钒配合物,采用水热法在酸性条件下制备了V-SBA-15有序介孔材料。考察了不同晶化时间、模板剂用量等因素对介孔分子筛V-SBA-15制备的影响。结果表明,最优晶化时间为96 h、模板剂用量n=1.0〔以n(P123)/n(V+Si)计〕,在该条件下所制备的材料具有类似于分子筛SBA-15高度有序的六方介孔结构,且活性组分钒在介孔氧化硅基体中均匀分散。用XRD、FTIR、BET、SEM及TEM等方法对制备的分子筛V-SBA-15进行结构表征,同时在乙苯制苯乙酮反应中以苯乙酮选择性及收率来验证催化剂的催化性能。结果表明,在催化氧化乙苯制苯乙酮反应较优工艺条件下,苯乙酮选择性及收率分别为82.0%和38.60%。     

Immobilization of uranium in cristobalite ceramic through adsorption on mesoporous SBA-15 and further sintering process

The development of an adsorbent which can be easily transformed into stable ceramic waste forms through a simple route is necessary for the treatment of the radioactive wastewater. Herein, we report on the immobilization of uranium in cristobalite ceramic through adsorption on mesoporous SBA-15 and further sintering process. The mesoporous SBA-15 with short pore length was synthesized and employed to remove uranium from aqueous solution. Subsequently, the SBA-15 with adsorbed U (U/SBA-15) was solidified by sintering. The effects of sintering temperature and U content on the structure, densification and aqueous durability of the obtained cristobalite ceramic waste forms were investigated. The results indicate that the U/SBA-15 can be transformed into stable cristobalite ceramic after sintering at 1100–1400 °C for 6 h. Furthermore, all the obtained cristobalite ceramic waste forms exhibit good aqueous durability (∼10⁻⁴ g m^-2 d^-1). This work demonstrates a potential route and adsorbent to dispose the radioactive wastewater.     

无溶剂法镧改性SBA-15的制备、表征及催化性能

以介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体,采用固相研磨法掺杂La元素,以SO₄^2-或S₂O₈^2-为助催化剂同时掺杂在介孔分子筛中增强SBA-15表面活性中心,制备了La-SO₄^2-/SBA-15和La-S₂O₈^2-/SBA-15负载型固体酸催化剂。用X射线衍射、透射电镜、低温N2吸附－脱附、红外光谱、热重分析和NH₃-TPD等分析方法对改性材料的结构性能及表面酸性能进行了表征。表征结果显示,制得的La-SO₄^2-/SBA-15和La-S₂O₈^2-/SBA-15保持高度有序的二维六方介孔结构。用Hammett指示剂法测得La-SO₄^2-/SBA-15和La-S₂O₈^2-/SBA-15表面酸强度（H₀）分别为2.77~3.30和0.78~0.99,表明制备的改性材料为固体酸。以改性的SBA-15为催化剂,催化合成乙酸正丁酯,在酸醇物质的量比为1∶1.2、催化剂用量0.375 g（为冰醋酸质量的5%）和反应时间140 min的条件下,采用La-S₂O₈^2-/SBA-15和La-SO₄^2-/SBA-15为催化剂,其酯化率分别为97.31%和89.28%。