通货膨胀环境下需求依赖库存的经济订货批量模型

为考虑通货膨胀和货币时间价值对库存的影响,研究了通货膨胀的条件下需求受库存水平影响且允许短缺发生的经济订货批量问题,其中通货膨胀率由内部通货膨胀率与外部通货膨胀率两部分组成。以系统成本最小化为目标,建立了四个不同补货策略下的仿真模型,并提供了寻求模型整体最优解的简单方法。最后,通过实例对这四个模型进行了比较,同时分析了参数变化对模型最优解的影响。     

市场需求确定下允许缺货的经济订货批量模型的扩展

在市场需求确定的情况下,针对由一个零售商和一个制造商构成的两级供应链,构造了一种新的允许缺货的经济订货批量模型。该模型考虑了商品保质期、商品零售价与商品的存储时间相关的因素。针对商品采购价有数量折扣和无数量折扣两种情况,研究了零售商如何制定订货策略。理论分析及数值仿真表明,当制造商和零售商充分合作时,将使制造商和销售渠道的收益增加,而零售商的收益将减少。     

航空弹药经济批量订货模型研究

根据经济批量订货公式,结合航空弹药消耗的特点,提出了航空弹药经济批量订货模型,并对模型求解;找到最优解。结果表明,此模型可在一定程序上表征航空弹药订货的特点,能起到参考作用。     

基于供应商管理库存的批量订货契约模型及应用

研究基于供应商管理库存(VMI)的批量订货契约模型及其实例.通过供应商制定价格折扣的契约策略激励订货商批量订货,以便协调两级供应链中供需双方的利益关系.其中以供应商为策略的制定方,供应商给予订货商适当的价格折扣,订货商以最佳的订货批量做出响应,使得双方的成本结构都达到最优化.最后给出实例分析.     

跨国供应链环境下的批量订货模型

针对当前供应链批量订货模型研究的不足,提出了跨国供应链环境下的非线性混合整数规划批量订货模型。与以往研究不同,除了传统的决策变量——订货次数外,模型的决策变量还包括转移价格和运输成本分配因子,目标函数为跨国供应链税后利润最大化。由于模型属于NP难题,求解不便,根据问题的具体特点将其转化成为若干个线性规划模型,然后利用MATLAB的优化工具箱进行了数据分析,计算结果表明,转让价格和运输费用分配的调整对跨国供应链最优订货批量及税后利润具有显著影响。     

随机需求下树形供应链网络库存控制策略研究

市场环境中，企业之间的供需关系决定了供应链存在的必然性及其形式的多样性。在供应链环境及结构稳定情况下，供应链上的各节点企业根据需求来调整相应的运作策略。由此提出了弹性订货这一新的概念，即根据成本最小化原理，利用非中心化策略下的订货批量和订货次数，确定订货弹性系数，得出了树形供应链的运作策略。     

具有模糊缺陷率和订货费用的库存管理研究

为解决目前库存研究中忽略产品缺陷率和订货费用不确定的问题，研究了同时具有模糊缺陷率和模糊订货费用的库存管理问题。首先利用模糊理论描述了库存管理中的不确定性，建立了缺陷率和订货费用模糊下的经济订货批量模型，以确定合理的订货批量，使得整个利润最大。然后利用符号距离法对模型目标进行了解模糊运算，给出并证明了参数为三角形模糊数时的最优订货策略。最后利用仿真实验验证了该策略，并研究分析了缺陷率和订货费用的模糊性对最优订货批量和最优利润的影响。     

模糊环境下含缺陷率且允许缺货的经济生产批量模型

鉴于实际生产库存管理中的产品缺陷问题,研究了允许缺货情况下含确定缺陷率和模糊缺陷率的经济生产批量问题.根据产品检验速率的不同,建立了两种含LR型模糊缺陷率、模糊需求、模糊缺货费、模糊检验费、模糊存储费和模糊订货费的经济生产批量模型.运用符号距离,将模糊模型转化为确定模型,进而确定了其最优生产策略.通过理论分析,揭示了模糊与经典经济生产批量模型的关系.结合算例,分析了产品缺陷率的模糊性和检验速率对最优生产量和最小成本的影响.     

基于S-M法的时变需求库存控制方法

西尔弗-米尔启发式算法(S-M法)是常用的库存控制方法,被用于解决时变需求下的库存控制问题.首先,介绍了S-M法的应用条件与计算原理,并设计了相应的MATLAB程序,用于计算面向时变需求的企业订货时间和订货量;其次,根据某公司在过去的需求数据,利用灰色预测法得出该公司将来的需求数据;最后,通过对预测得到的数据进行算例分析来验证提出方法的正确性和有效性,并进行了敏感性测试.     

时间窗需求下供应商管理库存补货及发货动态批量研究

研究了一个有限计划期内、需求带有时间窗约束的供应商管理库存供应链的补货及发货动态批量问题.考虑了两种发货运输方式,即自营物流运输和采用第三方物流运输,并提出了相应的两种多项式算法寻找供应商最优的补货及发货策略.当采用自营物流运输方式时,假设发货成本是发货量的阶梯函数,且每个时间窗内的需求必须被一次发货批量满足,该问题为NP难题.因此,假设每个时间窗内的需求允许被多次发货批量满足,且时间窗约束结构一致,提出了一种多项式算法寻找供应商最优的补货及发货策略,其计算复杂度为O(T4).当采用TPL运输方式时,发货成本是发货量的线性增函数,且在任意的时间窗约束下,提出了一种复杂度为O(T3)的算法寻找供应商最优的补货及发货策略.     

Purchasing model for deteriorating items with time-varying demand under inflation and time discounting

The study proposes a purchasing model, which considers a case of time-varying deterioration, partial back-ordering that depends on the waiting time for backlogging, and time value of money over a finite horizon. The model integrates all possible real-world situations that may happen in dealing with an order quantity. We derive the lower bound of the replenishment for a specific planning horizon and propose a procedure to solve the problem.     

Optimal pricing and replenishment policies of an EOQ model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with shortages

This paper discusses the optimal pricing and replenishment policies of an economic order quantity model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with partial backlogging over an infinite time horizon. The model is studied under the replenishment policy starting with no shortages. The backlogging rate is any non-increasing function of the waiting time up to the next replenishment. The objective of this model is to maximize the total profit which includes the sales revenue, purchasing cost, set up cost, holding cost, shortage cost, and opportunity cost due to lost sales. Here, the selling price, replenishment quantity, replenishment cycle length, and the time duration of the positive inventory level are taken as decision variables to maximize the profit of the inventory system. The existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the proposed inventory system are examined. We suggest a solution procedure to find the optimal solution of the described model. Numerical examples are presented to determine the developed model and the solution procedure. Sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution with respect to major parameters is carried out and some useful managerial results are obtained.     

基于期量折扣的变质产品订货策略

针对多频次、小批量的变质产品订货模式,提出期量折扣策略,并将其划分为时间全数量折扣和时间增量折扣两种。考虑零售商在订货过程中的机会损失成本,分别研究了两种折扣策略下的变质产品订货策略。结果表明,时间全数量折扣较时间增量折扣更能激励零售商增加订货,折扣时间限制越宽松越有利于零售商降低成本。     

Economic order quantity for deteriorating items with time discounting

In this paper, an economic order quantity model for deteriorating items with time discounting has been developed for varying demand pattern over a fixed planning horizon. Optimal solutions with complete backlogging and without backlogging are established and has proven that the total variable cost is convex. The main contribution of this paper is based on the assumption of the demand which is the linear function of the instantaneous stock level I(t). In this paper, a new type of demand has been considered which will help us to obtain qualitative insights without much analytical complexity. Optimal solutions of the proposed models are derived and effects of deterioration on the inventory replenishment policies are studied with the help of numerical examples.     

考虑运费共担的三级时滞变质品供应链定价与协调

在"制造商—运输服务商—分销商"组成的三级时滞变质品供应链中,市场需求受产品销售价格与变质时间影响,且运输费用由制造商和分销商共同分担,分别考察了各成员企业在无合作、局部合作及全面合作3种决策模式下的产品定价策略与期望收益水平.结果表明:随着各成员企业间相互合作的不断深入,时滞变质品的销售价格降低,市场供给量与供应链系...     

A two-stage supply chain with order cost reduction and credit period incentives for deteriorating items

In the proposed model, we consider the scenario of a supply chain with a single vendor and a single buyer for a single product, taking into consideration the effect of deterioration and credit period incentives. We also consider the situation in which the vendor and the buyer decide upon an investment in ordering cost reduction and coordinate their inventory policies to minimize their joint average annual cost. We study and analyze the benefits of order cost reduction and credit period incentives in a coordinated supply chain. The numerical examples with an exponential ordering cost function are used to evaluate the benefit of the proposed coordinated strategy.     

弹性需求下带有分摊运费的供应链协调策略

研究了弹性需求条件下,由单一零售商和单一供应商组成的两级供应链的协调订货问题.该协调运用了共同补给期和分担运输费用的双重策略,分别从订货周期及年需求量的角度协调供应链订货.在Stackelberg博弈的框架下,首先从实际出发,引入了零售商最优转让折扣率,再从供应商的角度建立了协调模型,然后讨论了求解算法,并利用数值试验方法,通过仿真研究说明了该协调策略的有效性和可行性.     

采用EOQ的最优制造业生产备件库存模型研究

生产备件库存是制造企业维持顺利运行的关键,又是制造企业产生诸多问题的根源。基于经济订货批量模型,通过对制造业设备管理中的生产备件库存管理方法进行研究,提出新时期"最优制造业生产备件库存模型",从而确定了最优订货批量、最优订货点和储存策略。该模型适用性很强,体现出低库存管理成本理念,使企业更具竞争力。     

The economic lot scheduling problem with deteriorating items and shortage: an imperialist competitive algorithm

This paper addresses an economic lot scheduling problem (ELSP) for manufacturing environments regarding slack costs and deteriorating items using the extended basic period approach under Power-of-Two (PoT) policy. The purpose of this research is to determine an optimal batch size for a product and minimizing total related costs to such a problem. The cost function consists of three components, namely, setup cost, holding cost includes deteriorating factor, and slack cost. The ELSP is concerned with the scheduling decision of n items and lot sizing. Avoiding schedule interference is the main problem in ELSP. The used PoT policy ensures that the replenishment cycle of each item to be integer and this task reduces potential schedule interferences. Since the ELSP is shown as an NP-hard problem, an imperialist competitive algorithm is employed to provide good solutions within reasonable computational times. Computational results show that the proposed approach can efficiently solve such complicated problems.