δ层状二硅酸钠柱撑物的制备研究

选择表面活性剂双十二烷基二甲基氯化铵{[（C12H25）2N＋（CH3）2]cl-}对δ-Na2Si2O5进行柱撑,考察了水量、温度对柱撑产物的影响。通过控制合成条件可以得到稳定的有机物柱撑层状硅酸钠。采用XRD和FT-IR分析手段对样品进行了物理化学表征。     

结晶性层状硅酸钠的性能和应用

研究了新型助剂结晶性层状硅酸钠的离子交换、吸附、抗酸及溶解等性能。参照QB1768－93方法,测定结晶性层状硅酸钠在不同条件下的钙离子交换能力,其中,在35℃、20min交换条件下,钙交换量（以CaCO3计）为330mg/g-360mg/g,常温下在空气中吸水量达30%。综合比较,其助洗能力优于4A沸石,略差于三聚磷酸钠。     

有机胺柱撑层状结构镧铌酸的制备与性能研究

用不同链长的有机胺柱撑镧铌酸,采用X射线衍射、热重、差热等分析方法对合成的各种产物进行表征.结果表明,随着插入的有机胺链增大,产物的层间距增大,热稳定性提高,且有利于铂的交换和插入.正壬胺的柱撑后镧铌酸的层间距可以达到2.91 nm.     

层状硅酸盐插层、柱撑研究

层状硅酸盐由于其在石油化工、石油钻探、环境治理、有机化工以及石油深加工方面所具有的长足潜力倍受众多科研工作者的青睐,对其开发也在不断的深入进行中。本文从插层剂的角度将层状硅酸盐插层、柱撑研究分为有机和无机两个方面,并从这两个方面进行探讨。在今后对其的研究中要注意对其柱撑柱的钢性修饰,以增强其稳定性。     

δ相及Al-δ层状二硅酸钠代磷助剂的性能研究

概述了代磷助剂δ相及Al-δ层状二硅酸钠的性能研究,其具有优良的阳离子脱除能力、良好的pH值缓冲能力和去污能力,认为Al-δ层状二硅酸钠是一前景非常好前景的代磷助剂.并对其钙、镁脱除机理,晶体结构稳定性及其制备进行了总结.     

层状复合硅酸钠的合成及性能测试

详细介绍了层状复合硅酸钠（LCS）的生产方法及其在洗衣粉中的应用，用LCS制得的洗衣粉，去污力优于无水偏硅酸钠、层状结晶硅酸钠和4A沸石，试验表明LCS是目前应用效果较好的无磷洗涤助剂。     

直接焙烧法合成δ-层状二硅酸钠的性能研究

层状二硅酸钠因具有良好的助洗性能而受到广泛关注。文章以固体硅酸钠为原料,采用水玻璃调模、干燥脱水及煅烧结晶的方法制备δ-层状二硅酸钠。通过对正交试验结果的分析,煅烧温度为影响产品钙镁离子脱除容量的最主要因素。分别以钙离子脱除容量(CBC)和镁离子脱除容量(MBC)为指标,对样品进行分析。结果表明:产品均为不规则层状结构的δ-层状二硅酸钠,晶体结构对钙镁离子脱除容量的影响显著。     

层状结晶二硅酸钠制备技术进展

介绍了近年开发的δ晶相、α晶相、β晶相层状结晶二硅酸钠的制备技术进展,包括产品纯度、生产原料、生产设备、节能降耗等。另外,还介绍了层状结晶二硅酸钠的改性技术进展,包括掺杂技术、柱撑插层技术、表面改性技术等。指出柱撑插层改性技术、低温合成技术以及开发纳米新材料技术是层状结晶二硅酸钠的发展方向。     

无磷洗涤剂助剂δ相层状二硅酸钠的快速合成研究

本文研究了无磷洗涤剂助剂层状二硅酸钠,在800-900℃,120秒之内快速合成的结晶规律.证明在800-860℃,120秒之内,能够合成从比较纯的δ相层状二硅酸钠,比目前专利文献报道的结晶时间缩短了5倍以上,实现了δ相层状二硅酸钠的快速生产.XRD、SEM、钙交换容量、pH值、去污性能等指标对合成产物进行了表征,证明合成的样品具有典型的δ相层状二硅酸钠的特性.     

1227柱撑层状钛酸钾的制备及其杀菌性能研究

利用微波法首次将十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)插入到层状化合物K2Ti4O9中,制得了一种不溶性的杀菌剂.比较了微波法与传统方法在酸化、预撑和柱撑时的不同,发现微波法不仅能够得到与传统方法相同的产物,而且还大大缩短了反应时间.在用1227进行柱撑时发现,只有用微波法才可以得到目标产物,通过红外光谱、X-射线衍射测试技术对产物进行表征.对改性后的产物进行初步的杀菌实验,测试结果表明将100 mg此产物加入到50 mL菌悬液中振荡作用30 min后,其杀菌率可达到94%.     

芳纶浆粕增强丁腈橡胶复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

利用开炼机制备了丁腈橡胶(NBR)/芳纶浆粕(PPTA-pulp)复合材料。研究了在干摩擦和水润滑条件下,纤维含量、摩擦时间以及载荷对NBR/PPTA-pulp复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并分析了磨损机理。结果表明,芳纶浆粕的加入能够很好地改善复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,在相同条件下,当纤维质量分数为20%时,复合材料的综合性能最佳;在干摩擦条件下,随着摩擦时间延长,复合材料的摩擦系数下降,磨耗量增大;随着载荷增加,摩擦系数和磨耗量增大;水润滑条件下,复合材料的摩擦系数和磨耗量较干摩擦大幅度降低且比较稳定,时间和载荷对其影响很小;干摩擦时,复合材料的磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损;水润滑时,主要为轻微磨粒磨损。     

Preparation,structure-property relationships of zinc oxide pillared organic layered double hydroxides and its effect on the performance of poly (lactic acid)

Zinc oxide pillared organic layered double hydroxides (ZnO-LDHs-S) were synthesized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) via a intercalation method. Meanwhile, the properties of ultraviolet (UV) absorbance and antibacterial of ZnO-LDHs-S were investigated. To improve the performances of poly (lactic acid) (PLA), PLA/ZnO-LDHs-S nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending using ZnO-LDHs-S as nucleating agent. Structure and properties of PLA/ZnO-LDHs-S nanocomposites were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectra, transmission electron microscopy, mechanical properties testing, differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy and rheological analysis. It was shown that the introduction of ZnO-LDHs-S improved the comprehensive performance of PLA.     

Preparation and properties of layered silicate/polyimide hybrid films

Layered silicate/polyimide (PI) hybrid films were prepared from 4,4′‐oxydianiline, 3,3′,4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride, and chemically modified montmorillonite via an in situ intercalation polymerization pathway. The X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results indicated that the silicates were homogeneously dispersed as exfoliated layers in the PI hybrid film with 2% silicate. The mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of the PI hybrid films changed with the content of the layered silicates. The coefficient of thermal expansion and water uptake of the PI hybrid films decreased with increasing silicate contents because of the barrier effect of platelike silicate layers, which prevented the diffusion and penetration of water. The dielectric strength and electrical aging performance of the PI hybrid films could also be improved as the silicate layer highly dispersed in the films. For the hybrid PI film with 5% layered silicate, the time to failure during electrical aging exceeded 280 h, which was 2.5 times as long as that of pure PI film. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1176–1183, 2005     

Electrokinetic properties of polypropylene‐layered silicate nanocomposite fibers

Nanocomposite fibers based on polypropylene (PP) polymer were prepared with different content of nanofiller. Filaments were spun from an isotactic iPP homopolymer. Montmorillonite modified by N,N‐dimethyl‐N,N dioctadecylammonium cations was used for preparation of PP nanocomposite fibers. A PP grafted with acrylic acid was added as a coupling agent. Nanocomposite fibers were characterized, i.e., the surface morphology of PP nanocomposite fibers was observed and surface properties were defined by electrokinetic properties determination by zeta potential measurements. For particle distribution observation the plasma etching was involved as a method for sample preparation. The addition of nanoparticles has an impact on ZP value of nanofilled fibers, however, isoelectric point IEP is not significantly influenced by different concentrations of nanofiller. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

新型无磷洗涤剂助剂层状二硅酸钠特性的比较

通过对所合成的无磷洗涤剂助剂层状二硅酸钠(δ相、β相、α相),用XRD、SEM、^29SiNMR、钙脱除容量和速率、pH值等方法进行了物理化学特性的比较研究。得到了所合成的样品δ相和α相是纯相;β相样品是以．β相为主含δ相的复合相。钙离子脱除特性测定结果表明：3的钙离子脱除容量分别为336mg／g(以CaCO3计,下同,δ相)、241mg／g(β相)和181mg／g(α相),有较大差异;而且3的钙离子脱除速率有明显差别,其中以δ相的脱除速率最快。结果还表明：良好的钙离子脱除容量,较快的钙离子脱除速率是δ相层状二硅酸钠具有比较好的洗涤效果的重要原因。     

Mechanical properties of layered silicate/starch polycaprolactone blend nanocomposites

The mechanical behavior of layered silicate/starch polycaprolactone blend nanocomposites was evaluated. Three different clays (Cloisite Na⁺, Cloisite 30B and Cloisite 10A) were used as reinforcement. Nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation followed by compression molding. These nanocomposites were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile testing. X‐ray diffraction results showed that most of the clays were intercalated within the polymeric chains. In all cases, mechanical properties were improved with clay incorporation and the improvement was better as the clay content was increased. The best properties were achieved with Cloisite 10A due to their greatest compatibility with the matrix. A mechanical model, which takes into account the effective parameters of the clay, was used in order to estimate the dispersion of clay within the polymer. The highest dispersion was obtained for Cloisite 10A, which is in accordance with the experimental mechanical properties. Although dynamical‐mechanical properties improved with clay incorporation, the glass transition temperature was not affected. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Enzymatic degradation of polylactide/layered silicate nanocomposites: Effect of organic modifiers

Biodegradable polylactide (PLA)/layered silicate nanocomposites have been prepared via solution route using two different kinds of organically modified nanoclays. The nanostructure as observed from wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction indicates intercalated hybrids and the extent of intercalation depends on the type of organic modifiers used. Melt‐quenched PLA and its nanocomposites are predominantly amorphous but, after annealing, they are fairly crystalline. The nanohybrids show significant improvement in thermal properties as compared to neat polymer. The nature of interaction between nanoclays and matrix polymer depends on the organic modifiers used, as evident from varying heat of fusion and shifting of Fourier transform infrared peaks. The nanoclays act as nucleating agent, and thereby, control the spherulite dimension of the matrix. The comparison of biodegradation of PLA and its nanocomposites has been studied in enzyme, compost, and buffer solution. Biodegradability of PLA has significantly been enhanced in the presence of nanoclays and the rate varies on organic modifications. The surface morphology, before and after enzymatic degradation, confirms the relative rate of degradation through laser scanning confocal images, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Transport properties of organic vapors in nanocomposites of organophilic layered silicate and syndiotactic polypropylene

Syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP) nanocomposites were obtained by melt blending synthetic fluorohectorite modified octadecyl ammmonium ions (OLS), and maleic-anhydride-grafted isotactic polypropylene (iPP-g-MA) as compatibilizer. The composition of the inorganic material was varied between 5 and 20 w/w%. Films of the composites were obtained by hot press molding the pellets. Melt-direct polymer intercalation of sPP into the OLS gave rise to nanocomposites in which the silicate layers were delaminated at low clay contents, and ordered to intercalated structures at the highest clay content. The elastic modulus was higher than for the pure polymer in a wide temperature range and increased with the inorganic content. The transport properties were measured for dichloromethane and n-pentane. The sorption was reduced compared to pure sPP. There were not significative differences between the samples having different inorganic contents. The diffusion coefficient decreased with increasing clay content. Permeability (P) showed a strong decreasing dependence on the clay content. The improvement of the barrier properties was largely caused by the reduced diffusion.     

New polylactide/layered silicate nanocomposites. 5. Designing of materials with desired properties

Understanding the structure/property relationship in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites is of great importance in designing materials with desired properties. In order to understand these relations, a series of polylactide (PLA)/organically modified layered silicate (OMLS) nanocomposites have been prepared using a simple melt extrusion technique. Four different types of OMLS have been used for the preparation of nanocomposites, three were modified with functionalized ammonium salts while fourth one was a phosphonium salt modified OMLS. The structure of the nanocomposites in the nanometer scale was characterized by using wide-angle X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic observations. Using four different types of layered silicates modified with four different types of surfactants, the effect of OMLS in nanocomposites was investigated by focusing on four major aspects: structural analysis, thermal properties and spherulite morphology, materials properties, and biodegradability. Finally, we draw conclusions about the structure/property relationship in the case of PLA/OMLS nanocomposites.     

Tribological properties of micron silicon carbide filled poly(ether ether ketone)

The composite of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) filled with micron silicon carbide (SiC) with different filler proportions was prepared by compression molding. The friction and wear properties of the composite were investigated at ambient conditions on a block on ring machine by running a plain carbon steel (AISI 1045 steel) ring against the composite block. The morphologies of the worn composite surfaces and the transfer film on the counterpart steel ring were examined with scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The results showed that the friction and wear of PEEK was slightly reduced at a filler proportion of micron SiC of 2.5–5.0 wt %. Abrasive wear was dominant for the PEEK composite; this was especially so at higher filler proportion. Meanwhile, abrasion and transfer to the composite surface of the counterpart steel ring were also observed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2611–2615, 1999