铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池及其研究进展

近些年,人们越来越关注太阳辐射的光伏利用。光伏发电技术在迅猛发展,薄膜太阳电池从占有主导地位的硅晶片技术中抢占了一定的市场份额。其中铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池因具有低成本、高的光电转化效率和吸收系数、合适的禁带宽度和环境友好等优点成为近年来薄膜太阳电池研究的热点。本文阐述了铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池的器件结构和性能特点,介绍了铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池的制备方法和研究进展,并对今后主要的发展方向进行了展望。     

铜铟镓硒薄膜太阳电池

当今全球光伏市场是以晶体硅太阳电池为主，约占95％队上，电池产量近几年连续增长高于30％，随着市场需求还会有更快地增长。虽然光伏市场需求拉动了晶体硅电池产业和硅原料产业发展，但产业达到一定规模时，高能耗的生产工艺导致能源资源的快速消耗将使社会无法承受，也必将制约着光伏产业更大规模的发展。     

柔性薄膜太阳电池的研究进展

综述了近年来柔性薄膜太阳电池的发展状况,结合柔性薄膜太阳电池的发展历史,分析了用作柔性衬底薄膜太阳电池的研究成果,探讨了各种器件结构的优缺点,并介绍了柔性衬底材料的选择及柔性太阳电池的研究进展。     

CuInS_2太阳电池薄膜材料的研究进展

CuInS2薄膜是一种高吸收、高效率、低成本、环保型光伏转换材料,发展前景广阔。本研究对CuInS2的晶体结构、光电性能、制备方法及技术进展进行了综述,并指出了CuInS2光吸收材料的未来研究重点。     

太阳电池研究进展

晶体硅太阳电池主要朝高效方向发展,薄膜太阳电池特别是多晶硅薄膜太阳电池,由于其廉价,高效,是当前太阳电池研究的热点,也是未来太阳电池发展的方向.分别介绍了第一代、二代太阳电池的发展历程,着重介绍了第三代太阳电池的最新研究进展.     

纳米硅薄膜及其太阳电池研究进展

纳米硅薄膜具有新颖的结构特征和一系列独特的物理性质,可望应用于新型光电子器件、量子功能器件、集成电路等领域.本文综述了纳米硅薄膜的研究现状及其优良的光电性能和纳米硅薄膜太阳电池的研究进展,指出在生产制备与性能方面纳米硅薄膜太阳电池所具有的优势,具有良好的发展前景.     

CIGSS薄膜太阳电池的现状和展望

CuIn1-xGaxSe2-ySy（CIGSS）太阳电池组件的效率可同“低端”结晶Si电池组件效率相比较。     

硅基薄膜太阳电池窗口材料的研究进展

综述了硅基薄膜太阳电池窗口材料的发展及应用现状,比较分析了几种常用窗口材料的光电性能,并讨论了掺杂剂的影响.最后展望了太阳电池窗口材料的研究和发展趋势.     

铜铟硒薄膜的外延生长和表面重构及其电池性能研究

在GaAs的(110)、(001)和(111)A、(111)B等极性晶面上, 通过铜铟共溅-硒蒸镀的方法, 分布外延生长出(220/204)、(001)和(112)结晶取向的单晶CIS薄膜. 系统考察了CIS薄膜外延生长的结晶取向和表面微结构, 发现了这些CIS外延薄膜均需表面重构化而形成比表面能低的CIS(112)晶面, 结合晶体结构研究了各种晶面和比表面能的相关性. 通过各种衬底下不同结晶取向的CIS薄膜的太阳能电池组装, 发现当CIS薄膜生长具有(220/204)结晶取向时电池器件性能最好、效率最高, 说明可通过控制CIS薄膜的沉积条件和选用合适取向的衬底, 增加吸收层(220/204)的结晶取向, 从而显著提高CIS薄膜太阳电池的光电性能.     

多晶硅太阳电池用SiN薄膜的研究进展

SiN薄膜因为具有良好的减反射性质和钝化作用，已经越来越广泛地应用于多晶硅太阳电池的制造工艺中，介绍了SiN薄膜在硅太阳电池中的性质，制备方法等研究现状，同时提出了存在的问题并展望了今后的发展趋势。     

Manufacturing and application of CIS solar modules

The pilot production of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIS) modules at Würth Solar has progressed steadily, and the pilot line could be transferred successfully into a continuous operation reaching maximum capacity in 2005 of 1.5 MW_p. Best modules on the standard size of 60 cm × 120 cm reached 85 W_p, which corresponds to 13% aperture area efficiency. The average module efficiency has been steadily improved reaching values between 11% and 12% in the year 2005. The overall process yield of the pilot line could be increased and stabilised at high values well above 80%.In April 2005 the Würth Group has decided to invest in a new production line with a starting capacity of 15 MW_p/a. This capacity will be available at the end of 2006. The new building at the new location in Schwäbisch Hall/Germany will be ready in mid 2006.The long-time reliability of Würth Solar CIS modules could be proven by passing successfully the certified test according to EN61646 and by stable operation in the field for several years. Additionally, outdoor results with CIS modules in various applications show high energy ratings which are at least as good as the best c-Si systems. Furthermore, various CIS module types have been developed for building integration and other applications.     

论城市CIS在打造城市品牌形象中的作用

概述了城市CIS的定义、内涵及设计特点,探讨了城市CIS对打造城市品牌形象的作用,论述了城市CIS对塑造良好的城市外在形象、改善城市的投资环境、营造良好的城市空间和文化形态、扩大城市的对外影响、挖掘和重塑城市文化等方面所具有的功能,并提出了导入城市CIS应注意的问题.     

CIGS thin-film solar cells on steel substrates

Steel foil is an attractive candidate for use as a flexible substrate material for Cu(In_x,Ga_1 − x)Se₂ solar cells (CIGS). It is stable at the high temperatures involved during CIGS processing and is also commercially available. Stainless chromium (Cr) steel is more expensive than Cr-free steel sheets, but the latter are not stable against corrosion. We processed CIGS solar cells on both types of substrates. The main problem arising here is the diffusion of detrimental elements from the substrate into the CIGS absorber layer. The diffusion of iron (Fe) and other substrate elements into the CIGS layer was investigated by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The influence of the impurities on the solar cell parameters was determined by current voltage (JV) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements. A direct correlation between the Fe content in the CIGS layer and the solar cell efficiency was found. The diffusion of Fe could be strongly reduced by a diffusion barrier layer. Thus we could process CIGS solar cells with a conversion efficiency of 12.8% even on Cr-free steel substrate.     

CIS(CIGS)薄膜材料的研究进展

以CIS(CIGS)作为吸收层的太阳能电池因其诸多优异性能而成为最具潜力的第三代太阳能电池.首先介绍了CIS(CIGS)薄膜的性能与掺杂对电池的影响,讨论了多种薄膜沉积技术及其优缺点,重点介绍了几种低成本制备技术及其影响因素,最后阐述了CIS(CIGS)薄膜电池的发展情况,并展望了CIS(CIGS)电池的发展趋势.     

以咸阳博物馆为例论文化符号学在CIS中的体现

通过对文化符号学理论的研究,分析了文化符号学与CIS的关系,探讨了符号在CIS中的作用与意义.以咸阳博物馆为例,根据符号学理论,解读和深入研究作为视觉传达要素的符号如何运用在企业形象中,以期为文化符号学理论在CIS中进一步推广与应用提供一条新的思路.     

Effect of back-contact barrier on thin-film CdTe solar cells

The presence of a back-contact barrier affects the current–voltage characteristics of thin-film CdS/CdTe/metal solar cells primarily by impeding hole transport, a current-limiting effect commonly referred to as “rollover.” In this work, the CdS/CdTe solar cell with a CdTe/metal back-contact barrier is modeled by two opposite polarity diodes in series. Analytic simulations are fitted to the measured current–voltage curve, the voltage distribution between the two diodes is shown under different conditions, and the back-contact barrier height is extracted. Room-temperature barrier heights exceeding 0.5 eV will generally result in significant fill-factor reduction.     

CIS设计的系统论

通过对CIS中MI、BI、VI的研究,分析三者的联系,并通过举例,提出了企业形象设计系统论的理念.CIS系统论能够更好地对其办公系统、生产系统、管理系统,以及营销、包装、广告等系统形象形成规范化设计和规范化管理.通过一体化的符号形式来划分企业的责任和义务,使企业经营在各职能部门中能有效地运作,建立其企业与众不同的个性形象,使企业产品与其他同类产品区别开来,在同行中脱颖而出,迅速有效地帮助企业创造出名牌效应,占有市场.     

In situ monitoring the growth of thin-film ZnS/Zn(S,O) bilayer on Cu-chalcopyrite for high performance thin film solar cells

This paper highlights the crucial role that the control of the chemical bath deposition (CBD) process plays for buffer production of Cu-chalcopyrite solar-cell devices. ZnS/Zn(S,O) bilayer was deposited on CuInS₂ (CIS) and Cu(In,Ga)(SSe)₂ (CIGSSe) and monitored using turbidity measurements of the solution. The results were correlated to the X-ray photoemission spectra of the samples obtained by interruption of the process at sequential stages. Two different feature regimes were distinguished: In the first stage, a heterogeneous reaction takes place on the absorber resulting in the formation of pure ZnS. The second stage of the process is homogeneous, and the in-situ turbidity measurement shows a loss in the transmission of light through the CBD solution. The measured ZnL3M45M45 Auger-peaks, during this second stage of the process, show a shift of the kinetic energy from pure ZnS to a solid-solution ZnS/ZnO (“Zn(S,O)”) with decreasing amount of sulfur. These results are supported by the observations from Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy. This paper also demonstrates that monitoring of the CBD process combined with the basic understanding using surface and interface analysis have contributed to improve the reproducibility and to enhance the photovoltaic performance of Cu-chalcopyrite thin-film solar modules.     

Nanoimprint lithography for high-efficiency thin-film silicon solar cells

We demonstrate high-efficiency thin-film silicon solar cells with transparent nanotextured front electrodes fabricated via ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography on glass substrates. By replicating the morphology of state-of-the-art nanotextured zinc oxide front electrodes known for their exceptional light trapping properties, conversion efficiencies of up to 12.0% are achieved for micromorph tandem junction cells. Excellent light incoupling results in a remarkable summed short-circuit current density of 25.9 mA/cm(2) for amorphous top cell and microcrystalline bottom cell thicknesses of only 250 and 1100 nm, respectively. As efforts to maximize light harvesting continue, our study validates nanoimprinting as a versatile tool to investigate nanophotonic effects of a large variety of nanostructures directly on device performance.