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对RH真空脱气过程进行解析,建立了适合于RH真空脱气过程的物理模型及数学模型。模型能较好地反映RH真空脱气过程各主要元素及气相成分的变化规律。传质容量系烽(AsK)作为模型中的唯一可调参数,可表生RH真空脱气过程的传递特性及操作特性。 相似文献
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根据 VD系统的工作原理 ,简单地介绍了几种影响 VD系统真空度的因素 ,并重点分析了系统内、外泄漏、冷却水及冷凝器结垢的影响作用 ,在此基础上提出一些相应的对策措施。 相似文献
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本文阐述了钢液真空脱气系统由于税接环节多、工作环境恶劣等种种原因导致泄漏激增并指出应从设计、制造、安装调试和投产使用各个环节控制和减少泄漏的产生。 相似文献
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RH真空精炼过程的动态模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
建立了描述RH真空精炼装置内钢液动态脱碳(脱气)模型。对RH真空精炼时的脱碳、脱氧、脱氮和脱氢过程进行了动态模拟研究,考察了浸渍管直径、循环流量、吹氩量、氧含量和真空度对脱碳和脱气过程的影响。动态脱碳(脱气)模型考虑了反应机理,认为脱碳是通过上升管中Ar气泡表面、真空室中钢液的自由表面和真空室钢液内部脱碳反应生成的CO气泡表面进行的,并且考虑了精炼处理时的抽真空制度。该模型能全面描述RH精炼过程中不同时刻钢液中碳、氧、氮和氢的含量,能较好预测实际过程,可用于RH真空精炼过程的优化和新工艺开发。 相似文献
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采用氮气雾化制粉及冷等静压制取实验样品,通过对快速凝固粉末及冷等静压坯的脱气实验,成功地使粉末表面呈非晶态含水的Al_2O_3·3H_2O氧化膜转变为晶态的脆性的γ-Al_2O_3。研究发现:该粉末的最佳脱气温度为400℃左右,冷等静压坯的最佳脱气温度为450℃;通过干收集的粉末中结晶水多于吸附水,且其结晶水和吸附水均远远少于水收集粉末中的结晶水和吸附水。 相似文献
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根据真空冶金原理,通过热力学分析,采用正交设计实验方法,确定出真空条件下钢液去铜的最优方案.在实验室研究的基础上,对工业化实验提出了初步的设想. 相似文献
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采用线性尺寸为150tRH装置1/4的水模型研究了RH-PB(IJ)过程中钢液和粉剂颗粒间的传质特性,测定了液体侧的传质系数,考察提升气体流量,上升管、下降管内径和颗粒粉剂对传质系数的影响。结果表明,在上升管径和下降管径相同的情况下,增大气体流量可增大钢液与喷吹粉剂颗粒钢液侧的传质系数,但不宜增大到使环流量达到饱和。在现有工作条件下,传质系数为3.392×10-5~2.661×10-4m/s。在给定的增大气体流量和下降管径下,钢液与粉剂颗粒间钢液侧的传质系数随上升管径的增大而增加。当气体流量增大和上升管径给定时,钢液与粉剂颗粒间钢液侧的传质系数随下降管径的增大而减小。钢液与粉剂颗粒间钢液侧的传质系数随环流量的增大而增大。其他参数相同时,在现有工作所取范围内,粉剂颗粒的粒径越大,其与钢液间钢液侧的传质系数越大;为增大传质速率,粉剂不宜过细。 相似文献
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Based on the mass and momentum balances in the system, a new mathematical model for decarburisation and degassing in the vacuum circulation refining process of molten steel has been proposed and developed. The refining roles of the three reaction sites, i.e. the upsnorkel zone, the droplet group and steel bath in the vacuum vessel, have been considered in the model. It was assumed that the mass transfer of reactive components in the molten steel is the rate control step of the refining reactions. And the friction losses and drags of flows in the snorkels and vacuum vessel were all counted. For the refining process of molten steel in a 90 t multifunction RH degasser, the parameters of the model have been discussed and more reasonably determined. 相似文献
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The mathematical model for decarburisation and degassing in the vacuum circulation refining process of molten steel, proposed and presented earlier, has been applied to the refining process of molten steel in a multifunction RH degasser of 90 t capacity. The decarburisation and degassing processes in the degasser under the RH and RH‐KTB operating conditions have been modelled and analysed using this model. It was demonstrated that for the RH and RH‐KTB refining processes, the results predicted by the model are in good agreement with some plant data. The mean contributions of the three refining sites in six circulation cycles to decarburisation are 10.5 – 11.6, 37.4 – 38.0 and 50.5 – 52.1 % of the overall amount of decarburisation, respectively. The KTB operation can markedly accelerate the decarburisation of molten steel. Using the top blowing oxygen of 6 min with the flow rate of (600 ‐ 1000) m3(STP)/h, the initial carbon mass content of the liquid steel for the RH refining process may be increased to (550 ‐ 700) · 10‐4 from 400 · 10‐4 %. And the treatment time needed for reducing the carbon mass content in the steel to a level of ≤ 20 · 10‐4 % may be shortened over 3 ‐ 4 min. The effectiveness of decarburisation and degassing cannot be obviously improved by increasing the lifting argon blow rate to 900 from 600 I(STP)/min under the operating modes examined in the present work. 相似文献
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Al. G. Shalimov 《Russian Metallurgy (Metally)》2014,2014(6):439-442
The operating principles, the technical characteristics of the main types of modern vacuum pumps used in steel degassing units, and the peculiarities of using vapor-et and mechanical pumps in industrial practice are considered. It is noted that, in recent years, mechanical pumps are used to provide a higher evacuation rate and degree of evacuation and to reach a decrease in the operating costs on their maintenance and steel degassing. 相似文献
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干式机械真空泵(MVP)在钢水脱气工艺中的应用在过去10年间取得了巨大进展,但主要局限在炉容小于150t;推广到更大炉容的工作正在进行中。因为有蒸汽来源,蒸汽喷射真空泵(SVP)主要用于联合钢厂150~350t的大炉容。除了投资和运行成本方面的考虑,所有真空工艺和设备类型都能够不受限制地使用任何类型的现代真空泵系统。这2种系统都能够满足全部的冶金要求。由于MVP系统的运行成本明显降低,所以有必要重新审视在减少漏气、使用保护气体和降低泵组与冶金反应罐间压力损失等方面的努力。这2种系统的能效都得到了提高,但MVP的能源优势更为明显。在对真空泵系统进行比较时,应当只考虑总成本,包括为满足排放限制和安全标准的要求而必须付出的成本以及反应罐内的压力。此外,还应当重新考虑除尘系统的类型和使用,因为它们能够通过减少清理次数、节省用水、减少淤泥处理、降低SVP系统的设计抽气能力来显著降低成本。在同基于体积流量的MVP比较前,需要利用一个特殊的系数对SVP的质量流进行修正。根据所选泵需要的工作压力,MVP系统能够以明显低于SVP系统的质量流在反应罐达到同样的性能。 相似文献
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If greater use is to be made of vacuum technologies in out-of-furnace treatments of steel within Russia, more stringent requirements
will have to be met in regard to the reliability, productivity, and efficiency of the pieces of equipment used to create the
vacuum-the vacuum pumps. Unfortunately, Russian-made vacuum pumps do not presently meet these requirements.
The equipment traditionally used to create a vacuum in units designed to treat steel outside the steelmaking furnace is based
on steam-jet ejectors. This article compares the operating costs of a vacuum-degassing unit for 90-ton heats when the unit
is equipped with mechanical pumps and when it has a steam-jet-ejector station. In the latter case, liquid-ejector pumps are
used as the starting stage. It was found that the costs of the material resources and maintenance of the auxiliary equipment
of a vacuum-degassing unit with mechanical pumps are roughly 10 times less than the analogous costs of a vacuum system with
steam-jet ejectors. Another important advantage of vacuum-degassing units with mechanical pumps is that they are environmentally
safe.
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Translated from Metallurg, No. 4, pp. 58–61, April, 2007. 相似文献
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为探索钢水中大量粒子的凝聚过程,应用分形理论的DLA模型,对粒子集团凝聚行为进行了模拟研究.结果表明,模拟得到的凝聚体与钢中簇状类型夹杂物的形状相似.根据分形理论可以认为它们的凝聚过程遵守同一规则.大量粒子凝聚时先是各自凝聚成小集团,然后再合并成大集团.形成相等尺寸的粒子集团所需时间不同,初始条件相同形成的粒子集团形状不同.粒子凝聚速度随其移动步长和粒子浓度增大而加快,夹杂物粒子平均移动步长主要受钢水粘度和粒子尺寸影响.粒子集团大小分布随凝聚时间和粒子平均移动步长而变化. 相似文献
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通过水模型研究了VD精炼过程的钢渣混卷行为, 定义了钢渣临界半混和临界全混状态, 并对不同底吹气量、真空度、底吹位置下的混合状态进行了研究;分析了临界搅拌功率和流场稳定性对混卷行为的影响.结果表明:在实验条件下, 临界半混和临界全混气量随着真空度的增大而减小;2/3R双孔底吹位置的临界气量大于2/3R+中心孔底吹位置的;并基于导出的真空度与底吹气量拟合公式, 外推出真空度为67 Pa时实际生产过程中的临界气量;VD过程钢包流场特性主要受底吹位置影响, 并进一步影响混卷行为, 在稳定性流场中当钢渣混合达到同一状态时, 搅拌功率几乎是定值. 相似文献