考虑弃水电量机会损失的水火电短期联合优化调度

针对传统大型水火电系统联合优化模型成本计算单一问题,考虑水电因弃水导致的机会损失,并考虑水火电爬坡约束、水电振动区约束等多种复杂约束,构建以火电运行成本与水电弃水电量机会损失之和最小为目标的水火电短期优化调度模型。将模型中非线性约束转化为线性化约束,并使用商业优化软件CPLEX中内置的分支定界法进行求解。算例仿真表明,按此优化准则下的最优策略运行,虽然火电运行成本有所增加,但弃水电量大大减小,水电能源利用率明显提升,计算结果更加符合实际情况。     

风-光-水-火-抽蓄联合发电系统日前优化调度研究

提出考虑发电成本、污染物治理成本以及可再生能能源弃电成本的总成本计算模型,建立风电光伏水电火电联合优化调度模型,提出通过多种能源联合运行、与储能装置协调配合的调度方法减少可再生能源弃电率。通过对风光水火以及风光水火蓄联合系统在春夏秋冬4个典型日仿真计算说明抽水蓄能可有效降低新能源弃电率,降低系统运行成本,有效平抑电源功率波动,降低季节变化对系统的影响。     

水-光互补协调运行的理论与方法初探

以全球最大的黄河龙羊峡水-光互补项目为研究对象,分析水电和光伏发电特点,提出"水电补充能源"的新概念和内涵,揭示水-光互补协调运行的机理,通过水电一次补偿光电锯齿波动和二次补偿光电的间歇性、波动性和随机性,使水电可以在短期调度中以容量支持光电,光电则可以在中长期调度和调峰运行中以电量支持水电。分析短期调度中水电对光电的补偿能力,推导水-光互补计算公式,找出水-光互补运行发生光伏弃光、水电弃水的原因和工况。以龙羊峡水-光互补项目为例,建立水-光互补协调运行模型,实例表明水-光互补协调运行可改善光伏发电质量,避免或减少弃光电量发生,同时水-光互补比水电站单独运行调峰能力更强。     

考虑新能源的梯级水电中长期调度策略研究

研究风光水中长期互补协调调度对探索风光的接入对水电运行的影响有重要意义。以流域Y下游两库五级梯级水电站及其周边的风光资源为例,建立了计及发电量最大化和时段最小出力最大化的双目标模型,在求解时将时段最小出力最大化目标转化为约束条件,在约束破坏时对目标函数加以惩罚,以达到简化求解的目的。最后通过分析互补协调调度的效果及风光对水库蓄泄水的影响提取了互补运行中梯级水电的调度策略,即互补运行中,水库群蓄水时期的调度策略以水资源最优化为原则,供水时期需重点关注,应根据风光总发电特性进行策略调整。     

西藏电网新型多源日前发电计划编制 流程设计及实现

基于藏中电网开展水光火日前优化调度模式的研究,建立了水光火协调优化的安全约束经济调度（SCED）模型,全面考虑光伏发电特性、水电机组运行约束、优化协调水电及光伏发电方式,在电网安全允许范围实现最大限度的消纳光伏;着重介绍日前发电计划编制流程设计,水电模型建模和光伏计划编制的实用化处理,实践证明对消纳光伏、保证西藏电网安全稳定和经济运行、实现资源优化配置有重要意义。     

基于改进粒子群算法的风电场虚拟惯量优化分配方法

大规模风电并网导致电网惯量不断削弱、系统频率特性恶化,虚拟惯量控制使风电具有与同步发电机相似的虚拟惯量,为电网提供惯量支撑,但需要根据频率安全约束,研究多个风电场对系统惯量支撑目标的协调分配。提出基于改进粒子群算法的风电场虚拟惯量优化分配方法。首先根据电网频率安全约束指标求解维持频率动态稳定的电网临界惯量,并结合电网实际惯量得到电网惯量补偿目标。然后将系统最大频率偏差最小作为优化目标,风电场虚拟惯量补偿目标作为优化对象,建立优化分配模型;采用改进粒子群算法求解该模型,得到虚拟惯量最优分配方案。最后在IEEE-39节算例系统中验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。     

一定弃风光率下的水光风互补发电系统容量优化配置研究

为解决水风光并网发电中弃风、弃光问题,提出了水光风互补发电方式,在允许互补发电系统有一定的弃风光率的条件下,以系统弃风光电量最小和接入的风光总规模最大为目标,采用C#语言建立了水光风互补发电系统容量优化模型,以计算水电站可接入的风光项目的最优比例和容量配置。最后以岗托水电站及周边风光资源为例进行了实例分析。结果表明,在满足模型最优准则的条件下,水电站应尽可能少地接入风电,较多地接入光伏发电。系统弃风光率分别为5%、8%、10%时,岗托水电站接入的风光项目最优比例均为0.5∶1,可接入的风光总规模分别为50.14×10~4、83.27×10~4、148.81×10~4kW,可分别送出风光总电量7.74×10~8、12.46×10~8、21.76×10~8kW·h,送出通道利用率分别提高了8.05%、12.95%、22.64%。研究成果可用于指导水光风互补发电。     

广西电网优先消纳绿色能源

<正>汛期来临,南方电网广西公司强化节能发电调度,优先将新能源发电纳入调度运行计划,采取流域优化、跨域协调、水火协调等多种措施积极消纳水电等清洁能源。为最大限度利用水电等可再生能源,减少低谷弃水损失,广西电力调度中心加强与有关电厂协商,首次实施煤电机组启停调峰有偿服务调度,增加消纳水电约200万千瓦时,有效化解弃水高风险。火电方面,2016年新增的神鹿、钦州、防城港等6台火     

风电弃风电量的计算方法与模型

在深入分析影响风电弃风因素的基础上,从调度运行层面上提出了基于逐小时电力平衡的计算方法。综合考虑火电、水电和风电的发电技术特性,电力和热力平衡、以及输电容量等约束,以系统运行成本最低为目标,建立了弃风电量的计算模型。以我国某风电大省为实际算例,计算2011年该省在接入不同风电容量下的弃风电量比例,验证了文中提出的计算方法和模型的优越性。     

水库发电优化调度模型的对比研究

水电发电效益是水库调度的核心内容。为了寻求满意的发电效益,在考虑水电站水库自身约束和系统调峰要求,建立以系统发电效益最大为目标的优化调度模型,并通过乌江渡水库实例计算,对发电量最大和发电效益最大两种优化调度模型进行对比分析。结果表明:后者较前者更符合实际。     

基于改进粒子群算法的风光水互补发电系统短期调峰优化调度

风光水互补发电系统优化调度需要考虑风光电源的间歇性及波动性,同时还要处理梯级水库复杂的水力联系及不同电源之间的电力联系,因而建立风光水互补发电系统短期调峰优化调度模型,并采用粒子群算法进行求解,针对粒子群算法的早熟及后期收敛速度慢等问题,从惯性因子和种群拓扑结构两方面对粒子群算法进行改进,并对福建省电力调控中心管辖的12座常规水电站、木兰溪1座抽水蓄能电站、31座风电场、5座光伏电站组成的风光水多种电源互补系统进行数值分析。结果表明,所建模型能较好地实现对电网负荷的削峰填谷,所提算法显著提高了求解效率和求解质量,是一种解决风光水互补发电系统短期联合优化调峰调度实用性很强的有效算法。     

可再生能源联合发电技术

近年来,随着国家倡导低碳经济,以风电、水电、太阳能、生物质能为代表的新能源得到了快速的发展。风能、水能、太阳能、生物质能等多种可再生能源联合发电是一种有效的可再生能源利用方式。简述了风能、水能,太阳能和生物质能的发电原理,并探讨了目前国内关于多种能源联合互补发电系统的设计研究成果。     

高水电比重系统随机电力电量平衡模型与算法

针对高水电比重系统中电力电量平衡问题,首先考虑利用典型周负荷曲线进行电力电量平衡分析,以更好地计及工作日和非工作日不同的负荷曲线对可调水电站库容及火电站开机的影响。为恰当考虑风电场和光伏电站出力的不确定性和波动性,建立了基于随机优化的随机电力电量平衡模型,从概率的角度更好地分析和衡量风光电站对电量平衡的贡献。为方便该模型的求解,对非线性的水电转换函数进行线性化处理,得到混合整数规划模型,采用CPLEX对模型进行求解。以某高水电比重系统作为算例进行仿真分析,验证了所提随机电力电量平衡模型与算法的正确性和有效性,从概率的角度定量分析了风光电站的电量贡献。     

Optimal day-ahead coordination on wind-pumped-hydro system by using multiobjective multistage model

This research is motivated by the practice of a well-known basin—the Yalong River Basin located in the eastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, which requires a more reasonable day-ahead scheduling and operation of a wind-pumped-hydro system. Optimal electricity flow remains a widely-cultivated topic within power system research community since its inception about half-a-century ago. In contrast to previous studies, this article proposes a multiobjective multistage nonlinear model to not only for the technical pump-operating constraints of the coordinated system, but also for lessening the variations on the active power output coming from the intermittence variability of the wind energy resource. Specifically, minimizing the fluctuations of the power output and minimizing the “abandoned rate” of the wind and hydro power are considered two objectives. A state transition equation to compute the energy balance in the reservoir is introduced in the constraint for scheduling the pump-hydro system. Moreover, the expected operator and chance constraint are used to deal with the stochastic wind energy output. Finally, the scheduling of a wind-pumped-hydro system of the Yalong River Basin is proposed as a practical example to illustrate the effectiveness, feasibility, and validity of the proposed model.     

考虑电网络影响的水火电力系统短期优化调度

为提高发电计划实际执行的可行性,提出考虑电网络影响的水火电力系统短期优化调度方案,即在传统水火电优化调度中引入输电网络潮流约束,构建水火电力系统短期优化调度数学模型。该模型以火电站的总煤耗量最小为优化目标,考虑水火电的发电特性、梯级水电复杂关系、系统运行约束、输电网络约束及传输功率限制。同时为模型求解引入迁徙操作和惯性权重非线性递减策略的改进粒子群算法,并设计了五种约束处理规则以应对复杂的约束条件。最后以典型水火电系统和IEEE-9节点的电网络拓扑为例对所构建的模型和算法进行验证。结果表明,所构建的优化模型和设计的求解方法能满足复杂运行约束的短期调度方案。     

Impact of wind power generating system integration on frequency stabilization in multi-area power system with fuzzy logic controller in deregulated environment

Among the available options for renewable energy integration in existing power system, wind power is being considered as one of the suited options for future electrical power generation. The major constraint of wind power generating system (WPGS) is that it does not provide inertial support because of power electronic converters between the grid and the WPGS to facilitate frequency stabilization. The proposed control strategy suggests a substantial contribution to system inertia in terms of short-term active power support in a two area restructured power system. The control scheme uses fuzzy logic based design and takes frequency deviation as input to provide quick active power support, which balances the drop in frequency and tie-line power during transient conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the wind power impact with increasing wind power penetration on frequency stabilization in restructured power system scenario. Variation of load conditions are also analyzed in simulation studies for the same power system model with the proposed control scheme. Simulation results advocates the justification of control scheme over other schemes.     

Frequency control support of a wind-solar isolated system by a hydropower plant with long tail-race tunnel

Pumped storage hydro plants (PSHP) can provide adequate energy storage and frequency regulation capacities in isolated power systems having significant renewable energy resources. Due to its high wind and solar potential, several plans have been developed for La Palma Island in the Canary archipelago, aimed at increasing the penetration of these energy sources. In this paper, the performance of the frequency control of La Palma power system is assessed, when the demand is supplied by the available wind and solar generation with the support of a PSHP which has been predesigned for this purpose. The frequency regulation is provided exclusively by the PSHP. Due to topographic and environmental constraints, this plant has a long tail-race tunnel without a surge tank. In this configuration, the effects of pressure waves cannot be neglected and, therefore, usual recommendations for PID governor tuning provide poor performance. A PI governor tuning criterion is proposed for the hydro plant and compared with other criteria according to several performance indices. Several scenarios considering solar and wind energy penetration have been simulated to check the plant response using the proposed criterion. This tuning of the PI governor maintains La Palma system frequency within grid code requirements.     

Optimal coordination of wind-hydro-thermal based on water complementing wind

The increasing integration of wind power into the existing power system demands for effective strategies to deal with wind intermittency and uncertainty. Relying solely on thermal power to cover wind uncertainty will sacrifice the operating efficiency and economy of thermal generators. In view of this, the adjustable hydropower is preferred for complementing wind fluctuation and uncertainty and the coordinated dispatch problem of wind-hydro-thermal power is established. Based on a newly designed water supplementing wind strategy, the original complex problem is decomposed into wind-hydro subproblem and thermal subproblem. A novel stochastic constraint related to wind power uncertainty is proposed and handled according to stochastic programming theory. By introducing the concept of expected breed rate and elitist preservation strategy, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is improved and combined with the exterior penalty function method for solving the complete optimization problem. Optimal generation scheduling schemes that can make full use of wind energy and ensure efficient and economic operating of thermal generators are obtained by the proposed approach. Meanwhile the coordinating operation of wind, hydro and thermal power under different water resources and wind penetrations respectively are revealed and discussed.     

考虑直流侧电容存储能量的风电机组虚拟惯性控制策略

文章在传统转子动能虚拟惯性控制策略基础上,提出了一种考虑直流侧电容存储能量的风电机组虚拟惯性控制策略。该策略在建立转子动能和系统频率偏差关系的基础上,建立了风电变流器直流侧电容电压和系统频率偏差的函数关系,在频率事件下能够充分利用电容所存储的能量来增强电网的惯性,提高电网的频率调节能力。最后,通过PSCAD/EMTDC仿真验证了所提控制策略的有效性。     

电网安全和调度公平性的新能源发电计划研究

[目的]随着风电场、光伏电站不断并网,地区电网网架结构发展跟不上新能源机组容量的增长速度,多能源混合的特点以及断面分层的特征给日前发电计划制定带来困难,为此提出一种考虑断面安全约束和调度公平性的多层次多能源日前发电计划方法.[方法]一是深度优先搜索越限断面,二是提出基于信息熵的出力受限分配策略,利用经济学领域中信息熵的...