人工神经网络对NaNbO3基陶瓷介电性能的预测研究

NaNbO₃基陶瓷在电介质储能领域具有极大的应用潜力。研究在对NaNbO₃基复合陶瓷材料开展实验研究的基础上,基于人工神经网络方法构建BP神经网络与优化的GA-BP神经网络模型,以磷酸盐玻璃相的添加量、烧结温度、烧结时间作为输入,介电性能(介电常数与介电损耗)作为输出,对NaNbO₃基复合陶瓷材料的介电性能开展预测研究。结果表明,通过GA-BP网络预测的介电常数相对误差最大仅为1.03%,介电损耗预测结果最大值仅为-3.18%,完全符合应用需求。     

Nb2O5对BaTiO3-0.83Y2O3基陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用传统固相法于1300℃高温烧结下获得满足EIA标准中X7R要求的BaTiO₃-0.83mol%Y₂O₃-0.2mol%Nb₂O₅陶瓷，其介电性能为：ε_r=3034,tanδ=0.46%，ρ_v=5.76Ω·cm，ΔC/C(-55℃)=-12.87%，ΔC/C(125℃)=12.02%。重点从物相分析及微观形貌两个方面研究了Nb₂O₅对BaTiO₃-0.83mol%Y₂O₃基陶瓷介电性能的影响。结果表明，在BaTiO₃-0.83mol%Y₂O₃基陶瓷中，Nb₂O₅的引入会提高介电常数。因Nb⁵⁺置换Y³⁺而形成的氧空位和多孔不致密的微观形貌将会对BaTiO₃     

超细BaTiO3陶瓷晶粒尺寸对介电性能的影响

通过对粒径均匀分布的细晶粒纯BaTiO3陶瓷介电性能研究发现,陶瓷的介电常数和介电损耗随晶粒粒度发生明显变化。随晶粒的减小,相变弥散,Curie温度降低,介电常数和介电损耗减小。平均晶粒度280nm的样品具有高的室温介电常数,部分晶粒仍保持铁电相结构是导致高介电常数的原因。     

不同Al2O3/SiO2比的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃制备及性能研究

本文采用烧结法制备MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂(MAS)微晶玻璃，研究不同Al₂O₃/SiO₂质量比对MAS微晶玻璃的微观结构和理化性能的影响，采用X射线衍射、差热分析、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜对基础玻璃与微晶玻璃的结构和表面形貌进行表征，并对微晶玻璃的密度、力学性能、耐蚀性、热学性能和介电性能进行测试分析。结果表明：随着Al₂O₃/SiO₂质量比从0.52增大至0.64,基础玻璃的玻璃化转变温度T_g增大、析晶峰值温度T_p减小，促使样品析出α-堇青石晶相；样品密度在2.52～2.60 g/cm³波动，介电常数ε_r由1.73增加到4.51,热膨胀系数由4.46×10^-6℃^-1降低到2.38×10^-6℃^-1,介电损耗tan...     

CaO-B2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃的制备及介电性能

低介电常数、低介电损耗的微晶玻璃是制造低温共烧陶瓷基板的重要材料。本文采用熔融水淬法制备了CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂(CBS)微晶玻璃,重点研究了m(CaO)/m(SiO₂)质量比、B₂O₃含量对CBS微晶玻璃介电性能的影响。结果表明：CBS微晶玻璃的主要晶相有Ca₃Si₃O₉、Ca₂B₂O₅、CaB₂O₄、SiO₂和Ca₂SiO₄。随着m(CaO)/m(SiO₂)质量比的增加,介电常数增加,介电损耗先降低后增加;硅灰石相的增多使介电损耗从2.87×10^-3降到1.36×10^-3,介电损耗随着SiO₂、Ca₂B...     

Ba(1-x)LaxTi(1-y)FeyO3陶瓷微观结构与介电性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Fe和La共掺杂BaTiO_3基陶瓷,并且用XRD与SEM对所合成的样品进行分析表征。考察了Fe和La掺杂量对BaTiO_3基陶瓷的相组成、表面形貌以及介电性能的影响。结果表明:BaTiO_3基陶瓷均呈现单一的钙钛矿结构;随着Fe和La的掺杂量的增加,BaTiO_3基陶瓷从四方相转变为立方相,陶瓷的晶粒尺寸呈现增大的趋势,室温介电常数先增大后减小,而室温介电损耗随着Fe和La的掺杂量的增大几乎没有影响。当Fe和La的掺杂量各为4mol%时,室温介电常数达到最大值6333,介电损耗较小约为0.016。     

化学包覆法制备Ho^(3+)掺杂钛酸钡基X8R细晶陶瓷EI北大核心CSCD

采用化学包覆法将Ho_2O_3包覆在纳米级钛酸钡粉体表面,通过烧结将Ho^(3+)扩散到钛酸钡晶粒中,调节其介电性能,研究了不同Ho^(3+)掺杂量对Ba Ti O3基陶瓷相组成、微观结构和介电性能的影响。X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜分析结果表明:Ho^(3+)改性陶瓷样品均为赝立方相,Ho^(3+)的加入能抑制晶粒生长,改善陶瓷微观结构,有利于制备均匀的细晶陶瓷。透射电子显微镜观察显示,包覆层的厚度约为2 nm,包覆Ho_2O_3有助于陶瓷烧结过程中形成"核-壳"结构晶粒,能显著改善钛酸钡基陶瓷的介电温度稳定性,提高绝缘电阻。当Ho^(3+)掺杂量为2.0%时,陶瓷的相对介电常数为1 612,ΔC/C(-55~150℃)<±15%,满足EIA X8R电容器的温度特性。     

化学包覆法制备Ho~(3+)掺杂钛酸钡基X8R细晶陶瓷

采用化学包覆法将Ho_2O_3包覆在纳米级钛酸钡粉体表面,通过烧结将Ho~(3+)扩散到钛酸钡晶粒中,调节其介电性能,研究了不同Ho~(3+)掺杂量对Ba Ti O3基陶瓷相组成、微观结构和介电性能的影响。X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜分析结果表明:Ho~(3+)改性陶瓷样品均为赝立方相,Ho~(3+)的加入能抑制晶粒生长,改善陶瓷微观结构,有利于制备均匀的细晶陶瓷。透射电子显微镜观察显示,包覆层的厚度约为2 nm,包覆Ho_2O_3有助于陶瓷烧结过程中形成"核-壳"结构晶粒,能显著改善钛酸钡基陶瓷的介电温度稳定性,提高绝缘电阻。当Ho~(3+)掺杂量为2.0%时,陶瓷的相对介电常数为1 612,ΔC/C(-55~150℃)±15%,满足EIA X8R电容器的温度特性。     

Ni掺杂对BaTiO3陶瓷物相及介电性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备了BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃（x=0、0.01、0.05、0.08、0.1、0.2）陶瓷,研究了不同Ni掺杂量对BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃陶瓷的相结构和介电性能的影响。采用X射线衍射技术（XRD）分析了BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃陶瓷的相结构;采用阻抗分析仪测试BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃陶瓷介电性能。XRD分析结果表明:随着Ni的掺杂量的增加,BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃陶瓷的晶相由四方相逐渐转变为六方相,当Ni的掺杂量为x=0.1时,BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃完全变为六方相。随着Ni含量的增大,所有六方相的BaTi_1-xNi_xO₃的晶格常数都变大,且相对介电常数ε_r整体降低而介电损耗tanδ呈现先减小后增大的趋势。     

锌硼硅玻璃掺杂对钛酸钡陶瓷介电性能的影响

用固相法制备了ZnO-B_2O_3-SiO_2(ZBS)玻璃及ZBS玻璃掺杂钛酸钡基介质陶瓷,研究ZBS含量对陶瓷的密度、结构及介电温度特性的影响,研究表明:随着ZBS玻璃的增加,烧结温度逐渐降低,陶瓷晶体的结晶度逐渐减弱,平均晶粒尺寸先增大后减小,所有的样品的介温曲线都出现了双峰结构,室温介电常数先增加后减小,介电损耗逐渐减小。当ZBS含量为1 wt%时,室温介电常数为1127,介电损耗为0.015。烧结温度为1125℃,满足容温变化率(△C/C25℃≤±15%)的工作温度范围为-55～190℃。     

Effect of Silver Addition on the Dielectric Properties of Barium Titanate-Based X7R Ceramics

Different amounts of silver (0.5–10 wt%) have been mixed with EIA X7R-type ceramic powders based on barium titanate. The XRD analysis indicated that no phases other than BaTiO₃ and silver were present in the doped ceramics; it further suggested that no reaction took place between BaTiO₃ and silver during calcination and sintering. SEM observation showed that the silver particles presented island distribution in the BaTiO₃ ceramic matrix. The densification and dielectric properties of the silver-doped ceramics in disk form were investigated. A large amount of silver addition (>1 wt%) was found to improve the sintered density and dielectric properties. The temperature coefficient of capacitors of the ceramics doped with 10 wt% silver still met the X7R characteristics, and the dielectric constant of the ceramics at room temperature was >6000, which is the highest dielectric constant in the BaTiO₃-based X7R system.     

ZnO-B2O3玻璃对Li2Zn3Ti4O12-CaTiO3复合陶瓷低温烧结及性能的影响

采用传统固相反应法制备0.94Li₂Zn₃Ti₄O₁₂-0.06CaTiO₃(LZT-CT)复合陶瓷,采用高温熔融法制备ZnO-B₂O₃(ZB)玻璃;以ZB玻璃为烧结助剂,研究了添加不同质量分数(x=0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%和2.5%)的ZB玻璃对LZT-CT复合陶瓷的烧结特性、物相组成、微观结构以及微波介电性能的影响。结果表明:ZB玻璃能有效地将LZT-CT复合陶瓷的烧结温度从1 175 ℃降低到875 ℃,并促进了LZT-CT复合陶瓷的致密化。当ZB玻璃掺量x≤2.5%时,LZT-CT复合陶瓷中除了LZT、CT相,没有出现其他新相。随着ZB玻璃添加量增加,复合陶瓷的体积密度、介电常数(ε_r)、品质因数(Q×f)均先增加后减小,谐振频率温度系数(τ_f)变化不大,在(-2.25~4.51)×10^-6/℃波动。当ZB玻璃掺量为2.0%时,LZT-CT复合陶瓷在875 ℃烧结2 h,获得最大体积密度(4.22 g/cm³)以及优异的微波介电性能,ε_r=23.9,Q×f=58 595 GHz,τ_f=-0.14×10^-6/℃。     

(1-x)(Mg0.95Mn0.05)_2TiO_4-xCaTiO_3陶瓷的微波介电性能研究

采用传统固相法制备了(1-x)(Mg_0.95Mn_0.05)_2TiO_4-xCaTiO_3微波介质陶瓷,研究CaTiO_3添加量对陶瓷体系物相组成、显微结构以及微波介电性能的影响。XRD分析结果表明,陶瓷样品以(Mg_0.95Mn_0.05)_2TiO_4为主晶相,以CaTiO_3和MgTiO_3作为次晶相存在陶瓷样品中。另外发现添加CaTiO_3能增加陶瓷的致密度,并在1325~1400℃下都能促进陶瓷的烧结。当CaTiO_3的添加量为x=0.12时,复合陶瓷在1375℃烧结4 h时具有最佳的微波介电性能:介电常数ε_r=20.26,品质因数Q×f=35125.9 GHz,τ_f=+2.7×10~(-6)/℃。     

二氧化硅掺杂钛酸锶钡陶瓷的介电性能与电卡效应

采用传统的固相反应法制备二氧化硅（SiO₂）掺杂钛酸锶钡（Ba_0.65Sr_0.35TiO₃,BST）陶瓷（BST+x%SiO₂）,研究了掺杂二氧化硅对BST陶瓷的物相、微观形貌、介电性能及电卡效应的影响。结果表明：掺杂二氧化硅并未改变BST陶瓷的晶型结构,但有助于提升晶粒的均匀性和材料介电性能频率的稳定性。随着二氧化硅掺杂量增加,BST陶瓷的介电常数呈现单调递减趋势,介电弥散特性逐渐增强。二氧化硅的掺杂有利于提升BST陶瓷的电卡性能,其中BST+3%SiO₂陶瓷具有最优的电卡效应,在30 ℃下可获得最大电卡绝热温变（ΔT_max）,ΔT_max和ΔT_max/ΔE分别为1.6 ℃、8.00×10 ^-7 ℃·m/V,电卡效应半峰宽（T_span）为10 ℃左右。     

Phase transition in Sol-Gel processed barium titanate ceramics

Ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO₃) ceramics have been prepared from barium acetate [Ba(CH₃COO)₂] and titanium isopropoxide [Ti(CH₃)₂CHO)₄] precursors by sol-gel technique The as-grown powder was found to be amorphous which crystallized to tetragonal phase after annealing at 700°C in air for one hour. The ceramics showed well saturated polarization-field (P-E) hysteresis loops at room temperature. The values of spontaneous polarization(P_s), remanent polarization (P_r) and coercive field (E_c) of the ceramics were found to be19.0, 12.66μC-cm^-2 and 30KVcm^-1 respectively. The room temperature dielectric constant (ε) and loss tangent (tanδ) of the ceramics were found to be 1135 and 0.012 respectively. The dielectric constant and tanδ showed anomaly peaks at 125°C showing ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition. The polarization parameters also vanish at 125°C confirming the phase transition.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of 8Y-FSZ ceramics with BaTiO3 additive

The microstructure and mechanical properties of 8 mol% Y₂O₃ fully stabilized zirconia (8Y-FSZ) with BaTiO₃ additive were investigated. The introduction of BaTiO₃ additive would significantly increase the density and the grain size of 8Y-FSZ ceramics. XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and dielectric measurement were performed. A rhombohedral Ba(Ti_1−xZr_x)O₃ ferroelectric phase resulted in the composite with 5 mol% additive, while for those with higher additive content, the secondary phase changes to cubic Ba(Ti_1−xZr_x)O₃. The fracture toughness of the xBaTiO₃/(1−x)8Y-FSZ composites reached a maximum and then decreased with increasing the amount of additive. The highest value reached 6.1 MPa m^1/2 for 0.05BaTiO₃/0.95(8Y-FSZ) sintered at 1475 °C for 3 h, where the piezoelectric/ferroelectric secondary phase toughening played an important role. Moreover, the fracture toughness of the composites increased firstly and then decreased with increasing sintering temperature.     

Anisotropy of grain electromechanical properties and mechanical strength of ferroelectric ceramics

A numerical interpretation of a change in mechanical strength of BaTiO₃-type ceramics by ferroelectric phase transitions has been given. The relation between this change and change in anisotropy of electromechanical properties of grains has been established. The role of the scale effect in forming strength properties of the ferroelectric ceramics has been analyzed. Theoretical estimates obtained in this paper have been compared with experimental data on polycrystalline BaTiO₃ and PbTiO₃ samples.     

Dielectric ceramics with relaxors and a tetragonal tungsten bronze

Type II ferroelectric ceramics with high dielectric constants and flat curves = f(T) have, until now, only been obtained with oxides which exhibit the perovskite structure. Another family of oxides, the tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB)-type niobates, should be of great interest for such applications because of their structure, which is, indeed, very closely related to that of perovskite.

The authors report here on the sintering and dielectric properties of new ceramics based on the niobate K_0·2Sr_0·4NbO₃ (KSN) which exhibits the TTB structure, and show how the addition of a perovskite such as a relaxor or BaTiO₃ or a mixture of these perovskites can lead to a dielectric material compatible with the Y7 R or X7R Electronic Industries Association specifications with a dielectric constant as high as 6000. Moreover, the use of a lithium salt as sintering agent has been shown to be important for the elaboration of those ceramics, and particularly allows the synthesis of type I materials with a dielectric constant as high as 3000.     

Bi1.5+xZn1.0Nb1.5O7+1.5x（x=0.075,0.15）陶瓷的结构和介电性能

采用固相反应法,以立方焦绿石Bi_1.5Zn_1.0Nb_1.5O₇（BZN）为配方基础,通过改变Bi³⁺离子与O^2-离子的浓度,形成非化学计量比Bi_1.5+xZN_1.0Nb_1.5O_7+1.5x（x=0.075,0.15）陶瓷。研究了不同Bi含量和烧结温度对BZN陶瓷的结构、微观形貌以及介电性能的影响。结果表明制备的非化学计量比BZN陶瓷在不高于1050℃时,呈现焦绿石单相结构;随着烧结温度增加到1100℃,x=0.075,出现ZnO杂相;x=0.15,出现Bi₂O₃杂相。随着x值的增大,BZN陶瓷样品的晶格常数、密度以及介电常数都逐渐增加。     

钛酸锌锂微波介质陶瓷研究进展

Li₂ZnTi₃O₈陶瓷因其较低的烧结温度和良好的微波介电性能受到研究者的广泛关注,有望成为低温共烧候选材料之一。本文主要介绍Li₂ZnTi₃O₈陶瓷的几种制备方法及其优缺点,以及离子置换改性、氧化物掺杂改性和低温共烧对微波介质陶瓷综合介电性能的影响,并对下一阶段Li₂ZnTi₃O₈微波介质陶瓷的研究与应用进行了展望。