Non-Contact Real-Time Heart Rate Measurement Algorithm Based on PPG-Standard Deviation

Heart rate is an important physiological parameter for clinical diagnosis, it can infer the health of the human body. Thus, efficient and accurate heart rate measurement is important for disease diagnosis and health monitoring. There are two ways to measure heart rate. One is contact type and the other is non-contact. Contact measurement methods include pulse cutting, electrocardiogram, etc. Because of the inconvenience of this method, a non-contact heart rate method has been proposed. Traditional non-contact measurement method based on image is collecting RGB three-channel signals in continuous video and selecting the average value of the green channel pixels as the heart rate signal for processing. However, this method is not accurate when the pixel values are changing greatly. To overcome this problem, non-contact real-time heart rate measurement method is proposed in this paper based on pixel standard deviation. Because of the changes in skin color caused by heart rate, the standard deviation signal of the green channel pixels in the region of interest (ROI) is filtered and extracted by the forward and inverse Fourier transform respectively, measuring the heart rate. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm can measure heart rate with faster speed and higher accuracy comparing to traditional methods. And we hope that our algorithm can apply in intelligent elder caring.     

基于普通摄像头的心率测量系统设计

为了研究一种通过普通摄像头非接触地拍摄人脸获取人体心率的测量系统,提出基于光电容积描记法原理,从人脸图像序列中可以提取出含有脉搏成分的信号,对该信号进行小波滤波得到血液容积脉搏波,然后用改进的时间间隔差法计算得到心率值。实验结果证明,如果将脉搏血氧仪测量的心率作为标准值,该系统测量结果的95%置信区间为［-2.2139, 2.1539］,该系统与脉搏血氧仪的心率测量结果具有很高的一致性;通过调节光照强度和摄像头硬件参数等能够在一定程度上提高测量准确度。     

驾驶员心率和血压变动与山区公路线形关系的实验研究

公路线形构造直接影响驾驶行为和行车安全.以山区公路平曲线通视距离的安全性为研究对象,利用全自动血压仪,对行车中驾驶员心率和血压的变动进行实验测试.定量分析的结果表明驾驶员的心率与收缩压同平曲线通视距离有很高的相关性,建议在低等级山区公路,平面线形设计应满足35m以上的通视距离.     

以心率为指标的动态生理分析软件的设计

通过开发出集动态心率分析、体力疲劳状况分析和体力劳动强度分析为一体的动态心率分析软件系统，从而使对被测人员的动态心率分析、体力疲劳程度分级和体力劳动强度分级变得简便易行。该软件在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５环境下采用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ５．０语言及Ａｃｃｅｓｓ数据库编制而成，具有功能强、界面美观、操作方便和运行可靠稳定等特点，是一套较为理想的生理分析软件。     

Categorization of the hemodynamic response to hemodialysis: The importance of baroreflex sensitivity

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The baroreflex arc is under autonomic control and regulates blood pressure. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of impaired baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) to the pathophysiology of IDH. Thirty-four chronic HD (12 IDH-prone, 22 IDH-resistant) patients underwent BRS measurement during HD with relative blood volume monitoring. During analysis, patients were separated into four age-matched groups according to resting BRS≥4.5 ms/mmHg and hemodynamic stability. Resting BRS was extremely heterogenous (geometric mean BRS 5.78±1.41 [range 1.76–41.41] ms/mmHg). Relative blood volume reduction was well matched in all groups (mean reduction in relative blood volume for all patients −6.74%±0.86%, P>0.05). Thirty-seven episodes of IDH occurred in the IDH prone, reduced BRS group. Patients with impaired resting BRS and prone to IDH had markedly different responses to HD as compared to the preserved BRS group, but the total peripheral resistance response was significantly lower than in the IDH-resistant patients (15.9%±2.1% vs. 42.4%±3.0%, respectively, P<0.001). In those patients prone to IDH and with impaired resting BRS, percentage reduction in cardiac output at the end of HD highly correlated with reduction in relative blood volume (r=0.94, P=0.006). Hypotension during dialysis may be an important source of recurrent cardiac injury and early recognition of those patients prone to relative symptomatic and asymptomatic hypotension remains important. Impaired resting BRS and recognition of a suboptimal peripheral pressor response, appear to predict those patients most likely to undergo hemodynamic instability and may assist in the pursuit of this elusive goal.     

直流电压降法应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率在线测定试验系统

介绍了应用直流电压降方法(DCPD)在线测量高温高压水环境中不锈钢应力腐蚀裂纹扩展的原理与试验系统,并采用商用301不锈钢对试验方法的准确性与系统的可靠性进行了验证。试验系统包括水化学回路、加热控制系统、动态加载系统与数据采集系统。在320℃,15.5MPa的去离子水中通过改变溶解氧含量和添加SO42-,Cl-等条件下完成了验证性试验。对材料的裂纹长度-时间曲线和断口形貌分析表明,该试验系统能够稳定而准确地在线测量应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率。     

多参数监护仪不确定度的评定

文章对多参数监护仪的心率、无创血压、无创血氧饱和度测量结果不确定度进行了分析和评定,以便对临床使用的多参数监护仪的测量结果进行控制,保证量值传递的准确、可靠,保障临床使用的安全。     

基于蒸汽压方程下的管道煤气流量在线计量系统

针对目前管道煤气计量中测量精度差或无法计量等问题，基于水的蒸汽压方程下，建立了工况下新的管道煤气流量计量模型和在线计量系统，应用表明，该在线计量系统不再要求建立管道煤气不同温度下所对应的水蒸汽饱和压力数据库，从而可以大大简化管道煤气流量计量软件，可快速准确地实现管道煤气流量实时在线计量。     

Measurement of Helium Leakage Rates through Closures of Dangerous Goods Packagings for the Assessment of Potentially Explosive Mixtures in Freight Containers

The objective was to find out whether an explosive atmosphere can be created in a freight container by gaseous leakage flow of vapour‐air‐mixture through leaks in the closures of dangerous goods packagings filled with hazardous liquids. Because of high temperatures during intercontinental carriage, there is a gauge pressure in the free vapour phase inside the packagings which can cause a gaseous leakage flow. Two different methods were applied: Helium limit leakage rates for 23 quantitatively important hazardous liquids concerning their lower explosion limit (LEL) were calculated for a worst case transport scenario (Method 1). Helium leakage rates of five closure types of dangerous goods packagings with volumes of approximately 6 l were measured using the pressure technique by accumulation (Method 2). All types of closures of steel packagings were uncritical. The maximum measured leakage was 33% of the limit leakage rate. The leakage rates of screw closures of plastic jerricans can exceed the LEL if there are production‐related patterns such as non‐concentricity of the closures and flashes on the neck. Especially for plastic packagings it is important to minimize gaseous leakage flow, because an explosive atmosphere can also be reached by permeation of the individual filling substance or by a combination of both effects. For the assessment of potentially explosive mixtures in freight containers, both mass transfer mechanisms have to be taken into account. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

差分飞行时间法精密测量高压液体声速的研究

基于差分飞行时间法建立了一套可直接测量高压液体声速的实验装置,自主设计和研制了双超声腔体,建立了精密声速测量系统、高压液体充注系统、精密压力和温度测量系统以及数据采集和分析系统。在此系统上,开展了303～353K,压力高至10MPa的纯水声速测量研究,声速测量相对标准不确定度为0.018% (k=1),纯水声速测量结果与国际标准状态方程及已有实验数据具有良好的一致性。研究成果为后续开展其他液体如海水、新型燃料等工质的精密声速测量奠定了基础。