连续化微通道反应器在染料颜料合成中的应用

近年来连续化微通道反应器作为一项新兴技术,在染料、颜料合成中开始得到应用。本文综述了微反应器技术在染料和颜料科研和生产方面的进展。与传统的间歇式反应不同,连续化微通道反应器的特点是,连续进料,瞬间混和,精确控制反应时间。该技术在重氮化、偶合反应中的应用,取得了高于常规反应器的收率和纯度。应用于颜料合成,取得了粒径窄分布的产品,并大幅度提高了颜料的应用性能。应用于合成中间体的硝化反应,提高了选择性和工艺的安全性。     

Industrial applications of the surface activity of polydimethylsiloxanes

The surface properties of silicones are responsible for many of their varied applications. An explanation in basic terms is given in this paper for this surface activity together with some insight into several of the applications that result from this surface activity.     

Evaluation of the homogenization properties of masterbatches

Appearance is a very important property for many different products, therefore it is important to investigate what types of parameters and processing conditions influence their appearance. The proper investigation of this property requires a reliable and repeatable measurement method. Recently, a novel evaluation method has been developed to evaluate the colour inhomogeneity of injection molded specimens. In this study, this novel inhomogeneity evaluation method was used to compare the homogenization properties of different masterbatches. It was shown using this technique that the homogenization properties of different masterbatch recipes can be evaluated and developed. The results of this method were validated by a group of trained technicians and their results were correlated with the inhomogeneity levels derived from the new method.     

Application of the method of the experimental design to the study of a processing of unshrinkableness of wool fibers

The objective of this study was to optimize the character of the unshrinkableness of wool fibers. A study of the processing of fibers of wool by an oxidative processing by performic acid was carried out by a complete factorial design to determine the most influential parameters of this study and then to optimize this process by the method of simplex. In parallel, a new ozone treatment was applied and a central composite design adapted to this protocol made it possible to identify the most influential parameters. This last type of processing has the advantage of being less polluting. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 535–547, 2003     

结构施工时变内力分析

将使用阶段的结构作为受力分析对象是目前结构设计的常规做法,其结果是结构的最终内力、变位等与施工过程无关,这不符合工程实际情况,而现行的结构工程施工内力有限元法并没有提供相应的公式能解决这个问题。利用施工过程时变有限元分析方法对结构施工内力进行几何非线性分析,使计算结果更符合结构施工的实际情况,全过程跟踪分析结构在施工各阶段以及施工完毕时的变量,指出结构工程设计考虑施工过程时变效应影响的重要性。     

高效抗癌天然产物OSW-1及其类似物的合成进展

OSW-1是一种高效的抗癌天然产物,也是当今抗癌药物研究的热点之一。本文简要概括了近年来该药物的主要合成方法,并初步探讨了其工业生产的可行性。     

CO_2共聚物为墓聚氨酯生物降解性能的研究

以CO2为起始物合成了聚磷酸亚乙酯（PEC）二醇，进而合成聚氨酯。对该聚氨酯的力学和降解性能等进行了测试。结果表明，该聚氨酯同时具有良好的力学性能和良好的降解性能。     

化工过程稳态检验的区间拓展法

介绍了组合统计检验法的基本思想,提出了区间拓展法用于实际化工过程稳态检验的新策略。实例考核表明,新方法显著地降低了第一类错误的概率,可有效地用于实际化工过程的稳态检验。     

水喷雾灭火系统在酒库消防中的应用

介绍了水喷雾灭火系统在白酒酒库消防中的应用 ,采用此法可很好地解决酒库的消防问题。其中的一些方法和思路可供类似工程参考     

气泡在粘弹性液体中溶解的研究进展

在发泡塑料的制造过程中，均相气体－聚合物体系的形成直接影响了制品的物理机械性能，因此了解气泡在粘弹性液体中的溶解机理成为必然。本文讲述了气泡在流体中塌陷行为的研究进展。对Rayleigh对低粘度牛顿流体，Foqer和Goddand在无线量线性Maxwell模型的粘弹性体，Tanasawa和Tang用oldroyd三常数粘弹模型等科学家的研究行为做了概述，总结出影响此过程的复杂的影响因素，并指出进一步的研究方向。     

化学品结块的分析和防结块剂的选用

结块问题涉及到化工、轻工、材料、食品等多个行业,使用防结块剂是解决这一问题的方向和趋势。本文通过大量文献资料,提出结块控制机理,并对常见的化学物质的结块机理进行了分析,对防结块剂的开发有一定指导意义。     

对普通型保温瓶瓶塞和瓶盖的改进设计

对普通型保温瓶瓶塞和瓶盖的改进设计杨碧澄（石家庄市石英玻璃厂０５００３１）ＩｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｏｆＤｅｓｉｇｎｏｆＳｔｏｐｐｅｒａｎｄＣａｐｏｆＮｏｒｍａｌＶａｃｕｕｍＦｌａｓｋ￥ＹａｎｇＢｉｄｅｎｇ（ＳｈｉｊｉａｚｈｕａｎｇＳｉｌｉｃａＧｌａｓｓ...     

反应器系统综合可得区法的研究进展

本文综述分析了反应器系统综合可得区法的研究进展,指出了该领域的进一步发展趋势。     

PSA氨冷系统运行及蒸发冷凝器改造

阐述了PSA氨冷系统流程与制冷过程,分析了影响制冷效果的因素,并由此提出实际运行中的注意要点：针对蒸发式冷凝器在氨冷系统中的作用,叙述了蒸发式冷凝器改造过程,提出了解决风机振动的办法。     

超临界CO_2流体萃取大豆油的研究与数值模拟

本文建立了一套超临界流体萃取的实验装置 ,在压力为 2 0MPa～ 30MPa ,温度为30 8K～ 32 3K的条件下 ,研究了用超临界二氧化碳萃取大豆油。试验证明用超临界流萃取的方法可以较为完全地得到大豆中的油分。基于固定床、积分柱塞流与微分混合流的假设建立了理论计算模型 ,使用这个模型可以根据装料量少耗时短的微分萃取试验结果来较为准确地计算出相同条件下积分萃取的过程。经本试验结果比较证明该方法简便可行 ,在本文条件下误差小于 6 % ,是对超临界流体萃取放大研究的一种探索     

炭黑废水的处理现状与发展

主要阐述了炭黑废水的产生,危害和几种处理方法以及炭黑处理新的发展趋势。回收的炭黑可以变废为宝,重新被利用。     

A review of the influence of humidity on photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous pollutants on TiO2-based catalysts

Humidity can have an appreciable influence on the photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air. It has been proposed that there are multiple layers of water molecules on the surface of the photocatalyst, and a VOC molecule must penetrate this layer and be able to diffuse to the photocatalytic surface for a reaction to occur. An updated analysis of related literature from the past 12 years indicates that this proposed mechanism remains reasonable for explaining observed effects. According to this mechanism the VOC's hydrophilicity should dominate the influence of humidity on the photocatalytic reaction kinetics, and this effect can be seen in a categorization of literature observations based on the octanol-water partition coefficient. The frequently cited Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model does not directly account for humidity effects in this way but can be adapted for this purpose. As an example, the rate of photocatalytic decomposition of chlorobenzene in air under humid conditions can be described by a modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model, where the reaction rate coefficient is dependent on the water concentration. Understanding and considering the effect of humidity is useful for optimizing the efficacy of photocatalytic VOC treatment of air.     

超临界流体技术在粉体粒子制备中的应用

超临界流体技术是制备和控制粉体材料的一种有效手段,利用该技术所获得微粒的平均粒径小,粒子尺寸分布可控。简述了超临界流体技术制备粉体粒子的基本原理、发展历史以及取得的一些研究成果,为超临界流体技术的应用拓展了领域。     

Serenade 8.0微波电路仿真软件在无源电路设计中的应用

本文简述了Ansoft公司的Serenade8.0微波仿真软件在发夹型微带滤波器设计中的应用。实验结果验证了该方法的正确性。     

运用带压堵漏技术解决设备维修难题

介绍了带压密封堵漏技术原理,通过实例,介绍了带压密封堵漏技术在生产中的应用情况及效果。实践证明合理使用带压密封堵漏技术,可成功解决和处理生产装置和设备、管道出现的多种泄漏。