沉淀温度对制备铈掺杂YAG粉体的影响

文中采用共沉淀法来制备铈掺杂YAG前驱体.为获得纯相YAG:Ce3+粉体,实验以CeO₂、Y₂O₃、Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O和NH₄HCO₃为原料,在不同的沉淀温度下来制备YAG:Ce3+前驱体,将所制得的前驱体经高温煅烧还原得到YAG:Ce3+粉体,并通过TG/DTA、XRD及光谱分析等手段分析了沉淀温度对YAG:Ce3+粉体性能的影响.实验结果表明:沉淀温度为25 ℃时制备出来的YAG:Ce3+粉体发光强度好.      

前驱体煅烧法制备CeO2颗粒及其抛光性能的研究

以Ce(OH)₃为前驱体,采用前驱体煅烧法制备CeO₂抛光粉。通过调节煅烧温度、升温速率和保温时间获得的具有不同比表面积的CeO₂颗粒样品,将样品球磨破碎,制备出中位粒径为(1.0±0.1)μm的CeO₂抛光液。通过分析CeO₂抛光液对K9玻璃的抛光切削量和表面粗糙度Ra值来评价其抛光性能,采用比表面仪(BET)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等表征手段对样品的比表面积、物相组成、微观组织结构和抛光玻璃表面粗糙度进行分析,结果表明:前驱体Ce(OH)₃煅烧可以制备具有立方萤石结构、尺寸均匀的纳米级CeO₂抛光粉,煅烧温度的升高,保温时间的延长和升温速率降低均会使CeO₂颗粒的比表面积减小。CeO₂颗粒的比表面积是其抛光性能的关键,比表面积越小切削能力越强,本实验样品对K9玻璃的切削量最大可达900 nm·min^-1,此外,比表面积对玻璃抛光质量也有重要影响,在比表面积为5 m²·g^-1时,获得的玻璃表面粗糙度小,玻璃表面质量高。     

铈镧比对铈基抛光粉性质的影响研究

铈镧比是影响铈基抛光粉的物理化学性质和性能的关键因素之一。本文用沉淀法制备了不同铈镧比的抛光粉,研究结果表明,铈、镧组分形成了稳定的复合碳酸盐前驱体,煅烧后形成晶相单一的复合氧化物。当铈在铈镧中占比为95%时,抛光粉的一次粒径小于100 nm,且团聚效应较弱。中低铈(≤85%)抛光粉团聚效应明显、平均粒度大,但短时间内对K9光学玻璃切削力更强;高铈(85%、95%)抛光粉的切削力则更为持久;镧的少量掺杂有利于提升铈基抛光粉对K9光学玻璃切削力的强度和持久性。     

不同气氛焙烧CeO2负载镍基催化剂的制备及其催化甲烷二氧化碳重整反应性能研究

350℃直接煅烧硝酸铈得到颗粒状CeO₂载体,在不同气氛(Air、NH₃、N₂和H₂)下焙烧CeO₂载体,采用浸渍法制备Ni/CeO₂系列催化剂,通过XRD和XPS研究了催化剂结构,并进行甲烷二氧化碳重整反应性能测试。结果表明,高温氮化处理的CeO₂载体中掺杂碱性N助剂,能够提高活性金属Ni分散度、降低Ni颗粒大小,增强金属-载体相互作用,从而提高了催化剂稳定性。     

Sm-MnOx catalysts for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3: Effect of precipitation agent

A series of Sm-Mn mixed oxide catalysts were prepared via precipitation using various precipitants,namely Na₂CO₃(NH₄)₂CO₃,and NH₃·H₂O,and evaluated for the selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NO_x with NH₃ at low temperatures.Various characterisation techniques were used to determine the physicochemical properties of the catalysts,and it is found that their catalytic performance is greatly influen...     

湿法合成高致密碱式碳酸钴粉末及Co(Ⅱ)-NH3-CO32--H2O体系热力学分析

以CoCl₂和4种工业常用沉淀剂Na HCO₃、Na₂CO₃、NH₄HCO₃和(NH₄)₂CO₃为原料,湿法制备碱式碳酸钴粉末,用激光粒度仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、振实密度仪等,研究溶液pH值和NH₃浓度对碱式碳酸钴粉末粒径、微观形貌和晶体结构与密度的影响,并进行Co(Ⅱ)-NH₃-CO₃^2--H₂O体系热力学分析。结果表明：溶液pH值和NH₃浓度可对钴离子的络合、沉淀行为产生影响。基于络合沉淀过程,用NH₄HCO₃和(NH₄)₂CO₃沉淀剂制备的碱式碳酸钴粉末振实密度较高。基于同时平衡和质量守恒原理,绘制不同溶液组成下lg[Co]_total...     

放射性铌铁精矿中铀钍的脱除及分离

通过对国内某企业进口放射性铌铁精矿进行工艺矿物学分析,确定该精矿的主要矿相为烧绿石,同时伴生钛铁矿和白云母,矿石中放射性元素U和Th的含量分别为0.27%和1.03%。针对该铌铁精矿,探索H₂SO₄-Fe(Ⅲ)、H₂SO₄-HF-H₂O₂、H₂SO₄-HF、H₂SO₄-HF-H₂O₂-(NH₄)₂CO₃体系中U和Th的浸出及分离效果,最终确定H₂SO₄-HF-H₂O₂-(NH₄)₂CO₃多段浸出工艺能有效实现U和Th的脱除与分离。U、Th的脱除率分别为100%和80%。基于研究提出了铌铁精矿U、Th脱除及分离工...     

膨润土改性制备多孔结构钛锂离子筛前驱体

以Ti(SO₄)₂为钛源,CH₃COOLi·2H₂O为锂源,NH₃·H₂O为沉淀剂,H₂O₂为络合剂,采用沉淀胶溶法制备了钛酸锂前驱体溶胶,添加膨润土,经搅拌、陈化、干燥、煅烧后得到膨润土改性Li₂TiO₃粉体。研究了络合剂H₂O₂与Ti的摩尔比(R)、煅烧温度、膨润土与溶胶的固液比对Li₂TiO₃的表面形貌及晶体结构的影响。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、热重-差示扫描量热、红外光谱对样品进行表征。结果表明,当R=6时,未改性的Li₂TiO₃在750℃煅烧下,晶体结构最完整。按1.67 g/L的固液比添加膨润土对样品进行改性后,煅烧温度为750℃时各晶面结晶最完整,得到表面呈均匀多孔结构的Li₂TiO₃     

纯铈稀土抛光粉中氟行为的研究

进行了抛光粉前驱体的研究,并以碳酸铈为前驱体,采用氢氟酸氟化、高温煅烧、球磨机球磨的方法制备得到中位粒径较小的含氟纯铈稀土抛光粉(REO≥99%)。并对抛光粉进行了XRD、SEM、振实密度和松装密度实验、抛光实验等表征。结果表明:随着F掺入量的增加,抛光粉的振实密度和松装密度不断提高,抛蚀量在一定范围内也不断增加;对光学玻璃的抛光而言F掺入量为6%时出现最优值,对大理石装饰面而言取8%为宜;F的加入,首先出现CeF3,当到达一定的F含量以后开始出现CeF4;加F与未加F的CeO2经煅烧后形貌发生较大变化。     

光学玻璃抛光材料用超细CeO2前驱体的制备

以低铈混合氯化稀土为原料,NH3^ H2O为沉淀剂,空气和H2O2为氧化剂,经选择性氧化沉淀、洗涤、烘干、煅烧制备用于光学玻璃抛光材料的超细CeO2前驱体。研究了氧化沉淀条件与加料方式对前驱体中氧化铈含量的影响,以及煅烧温度与前驱体粉末粒度、比表面和物相组成的相关关系。结果表明：采取正序滴加进料方式,控制沉淀过程1)H值在4．5～5．5范围。可以使Ce^3 氧化成Ce^4 并形成氢氧化物沉淀而与其他稀土离子分离,沉淀物在600～700℃煅烧,得到CeO2含量大于80％．中位粒径D50小于1．5μm的超细CeO2抛光粉前驱体。     

碳酸氢铵沉淀法制备氧化铈抛光粉

利用碳酸氢铵做沉淀剂制备氧化铈抛光粉,通过L16(44)正交试验,研究了温度、硝酸铈浓度、滴加速度和搅拌速度对氧化铈粒度和比表面积的影响。得到的最佳粒度制备工艺条件为:温度60℃、硝酸铈浓度50g/L、搅拌速率500r/min、滴加速度50mL/min。并对最佳制备工艺条件下制取的抛光粉进行粒度、形貌和抛蚀量进行研究。     

含氟铈基稀土抛光粉的制备及其抛光性能

以碳酸镧铈为前驱体,采用氢氟酸氟化、高温焙烧、机械搅拌磨的方法制备中位粒径较小的含氟铈基稀土抛光粉。结果表明,所得产物中固溶体具有立方萤石结构;随着氟掺杂量的增加,开始析出四方结构的LaOF相,CeO2的XRD特征峰向右偏移,结晶度提高,粉体的振实密度随之增大;对光学玻璃的抛光能力在氟掺杂量为6%时出现极大值,被抛光物体的表面光洁度随氟掺杂量的增大而下降。     

Preparation of Well Dispersed and Ultra-Fine Ce （Zr）O2 Mixed Oxide by Mechanochemical Processing

Ultra-fine CeO2-ZrO2 mixed oxide was successfully synthesized by wet-solid phase mechanochemical processing, Ce2(CO3)3·8H2O, ZrOCl2·xH2O and ammonia were used as reactants. It is found that the crystalline Ce2(CO3)3·8H2O and ZrOCl2·xH2O are changed to amorphous cerium and zirconium hydroxide precursor after milling with ammonia, and Ce0.15Zr0.85O2 mixed oxide with pure tetragonal phase structure and medium particle size(D50)less than 1μm is formed by calcining precursor over 673 K. The XRD patterns indicate that the crystal unite size increases with rising calcining temperature due to crystal growth. However, the particle size and BET surface area of the Ce(Zr)O2 mixed oxide decreases with rising calcining temperature, which may be attributed to the contract of particles and the vanish of holes inside grains.     

Preparation of Fine Spherical Particle Sized Ceria by Precipitation Method with Ammonium Bicarbonate

Fine spherical panicle sized ceria (CeO2) was prepared by homogeneous precipitation method with ammonium bicarbonate as precipitant. The prepared CeO2 has the primary panicle size of 10-50nm when calcined between 400-700℃ analyzed by XRD and the aggregated particle size is about 300 nm measured by LASER panicle sizer. SEM, TGDTA and Zeta-potential analyzer were employed individually to study the morphology, and the fonnation of CeO2 product. It was found that excess NH4NO3 can serve as an sphericallization agent to prepare spherical Ce02 powder by precipitation method.     

Cerium dioxide with large particle size prepared by continuous precipitation

Cerium dioxide(CeO2) has attracted much attention and has wide applications such as automotive exhaust catalysts,polishing materials for optical glasses and additives for advanced glasses,as well as cosmetic materials.The particle size and its distribution are key factors to the performance of the materials in the functional applications.However,control of particle size is still a challenge in materials synthesis.Therefore,continuous precipitation of cerium oxalate(precursor of ceria) was carried out at dif...     

Mechanochemical Reaction of Lanthanum Carbonate with Sodium Hydroxide and Preparation of Lanthanum Oxide Nanoparticle

Ｔｈｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｏｆｎａｎｏｓｉｚｅｄｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｏｘｉｄｅｐｏｗｄｅｒｓｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｍａｋｅｓｔｈｅｉｒｐｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙａｎｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ ｉｎｇｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｆｏｒｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｗｏｒｋ[1 ] .Ｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｐａｓｔｄｅｃａｄｅｓ,ｍａｎｙｐｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｏｆｎａｎｏ ｓｉｚｅｄｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｏｘｉｄｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ ,ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌａｎｄ…     

Effect of Surface Modification on Behaviors of Cerium Oxide Nanopowders

Study was made on the effect of surface modification on the behaviors of cerium oxide nanopowders.A surfactant-sodium dodecyl sulfate（C12H25SO4Na）was used to modify the surface of CeO2 powder particles.The unmodified and modified CeO2 powders were characterized by using a powder comprehensive characteristic tester,laser particle size analyzer,specific surface area tester,X-ray diffraction tester,and a scanning electron microscope.The testing and analysis results showed that C12H25SO4Na surface modification might increase the flowability and dispersity,and decrease the specific surface area and agglomeration of CeO2 powders.The mechanism of the surface modification of CeO2 powder particles was also discussed.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土CeO2掺杂纳米钨粉的研究

以偏钨酸铵(AMT)、柠檬酸和硝酸铈为原料,用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)制备稀土CeO2掺杂纳米钨粉。通过热重-差热(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、比表面积法(BET)等测试手段对复合粉体的合成工艺、物相、颗粒形貌和粒径进行了分析。结果表明:当pH值为1时,还原后的粉体颗粒呈准球形,无团聚,稀土元素以CeO2形式存在且均匀地分布在钨粉中,平均颗粒粒径为80nm左右,满足制备高性能掺杂稀土氧化物亚微米结构浸渍阴极的要求。     

La-Ce-Cu复合金属氧化物的结构表征及催化性能

本文用ＮＨ４ＮＯ３共熔法合成Ｌａ－Ｃｅ－Ｃｕ系列样品。用ＸＲＤ分析了ＣｅＯ２在铜酸镧盐中的溶解度,发现大量ＣｅＯ２存在时,Ｌａ２Ｏ３、ＣｕＯ的加入导致原晶体结构发生变形,生成少量铜酸镧盐。ＸＲＦ分析了系列样品组成均为氧缺陷型化合物。ＸＰＳ研究发现,含大量ＣｅＯ２的样品高温焙烧后在ＣｅＯ２表面生成复合金属氧化物Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４,最表面一层为少量Ｌａ２Ｏ３,并确定了其中Ｏ的属性。利用ＴＥＭ研究了部分样品的表面结构,同时研究了其ＣＯ催化氧化活性。     

Preparation and Characterization of CeO2 Superfine Powder

The CeO2 superfine powder was prepared by the co-precipitation method, using the industrial grade Ce2(CO3)3 and NH4HCO3 as starting material and precipitating reagent, respectively. The precipitated precursons and the calcinated products were characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis/thermoanalysis (TGA/DTA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that using NH4HCO3 as a precipitating reagent,the precipitate decomposed full as it was heated to 360℃. The CeO2 superfine powder formed by calcinating the precipitate belongs to a cubic CaF2-type structure and has the first mean particle diameter 140nm and second mean particle diameter 630nm. The CeO2 powder particles aggregate and grow with raising the calcination temperature.