Incorporation of designed extended chromophores into amphiphilic 4-helix bundle peptides for nonlinear optical biomolecular materials

Multipigment ensembles that feature (porphinato)metal components and appropriate ethyne- and oligoyne-based chromophore-to-chromophore connectivity can manifest large optical polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities by design. Their vectorial orientation and local environment are controlled upon incorporation into designed amphiphilic 4-helix bundle peptides via axial histidyl ligation without disturbing the peptide's helical secondary structure. The chromophore/peptide stoichiometry can be tuned by varying the peptide's oligomeric state. The chromophore/peptide complexes are thermally stable, making them ideal candidates for the fabrication of nonlinear optical biomolecular materials.     

卟啉非线性光学材料研究进展

卟啉作为非线性光学材料的潜在应用受到了人们的关注。介绍了卟啉作为非线性光学材料的研究现状 ,同时综述了卟啉非线性光学材料的分子设计、结构与性能的关系 ,并展望了其应用前景。     

Nonlinear optical properties and performance optimization of the pro-aromatic chromophores for NLO materials

Geometric structures and nonlinear optical properties (NLO) of the pro-aromatic chromophores, comprising indoline moiety as an electron donor and azo linker as a π-conjugated bridge, have been investigated by means of quantum chemistry method and the response theory. Three solvent models were used to study the short-range interaction and long-range interaction between solvent and solution in order to simulate the experimental spectra. Simulated absorption used by the polarizable continuum model gave a well agreement with experimental measurement. The micro-mechanisms of first hyperpolarizability were explained on the basis of the two-level models, and charge difference density methods demonstrated that the chromophore (4f), which indoline moiety acts as an electron donor and N,N-dimethyl formamide as an acceptor bridged by azo bridge, displays an efficient intramolecular charge transfer properties amplifying the NLO response. Calculations of two-photon absorption (TPA) for the indoline chromophore were performed to develop their potential application on TPA materials. Additionally, some molecules were designed by replacing electron donor and introducing additional heteroatoms to tune the NLO parameters. The results show 4f-a with 1,4-phenylenediamine donor unit and introducing one heteroatom display well NLO character.     

Structural, optical, and nonlinear optical absorption/refraction studies of the manganese nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in ethanol

The structural, optical, and nonlinear optical properties of the manganese nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in various liquids were investigated using the 532 and 1064 nm, 50 ps laser pulses. The TEM and spectral measurements showed temporal dynamics of size distribution of Mn nanoparticles in solutions. The nonlinear absorption (β = 2 × 10⁻¹⁰ and 4 × 10⁻¹¹ cm W⁻¹) and positive nonlinear refraction (γ = 8 × 10⁻¹⁵ and 2 × 10⁻¹⁴ cm² W⁻¹) of picosecond radiation were observed in the Mn colloidal suspensions using the 1064 and 532 nm radiation, respectively     

A precision tester for studies of holographic optical storage materials and recording physics

The design and the realization of an advanced precision optical test stand for evaluating materials and developing tools and techniques for holographic digital data storage are described. This apparatus allows studies of holographic recording materials and recording physics to be performed in the context of practical data storage. The system concept, its implementation, and its performance are described, and examples of holographic storage in photorefractive materials are discussed.     

Linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of PbMoO4 single crystal for optoelectronic applications

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - In the present paper, we studied linear and nonlinear optical properties of lead molybdate (PbMoO4) single crystals grown by Czochralski...     

Calculation of error propagation by use of total reflection geometry for evaluating third-order nonlinear optical materials

The intrinsic error propagation in a technique that uses total reflection geometry for the measurement of chi((3)) is calculated. The results show how accurately the parameters should be measured to obtain the chi((3)) value with the required precision. The film thickness should be slightly less than the fundamental wavelength to reduce the chi((3)) error that propagates from other parameters.     

Comparative studies on formation and material characterization of L-histidine derivatives for nonlinear optical device applications

In this study, nonlinear optical crystalline materials L-histidinium hydrochloride monohydrate (LHHCL) and L-histidinium methyl ester dihydrochloride (LHMDHCL) were successfully grown by slow solvent evaporation technique. As-grown crystalline materials were subjected to X-ray structure analysis, FT-Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, frequency conversion analysis, dielectric and Vicker’s microhardness studies. According to XRD data, the grown crystal LHHCL was crystallized to an orthorhombic form having a space group P2₁2₁2₁, while LHMDHCL crystal belongs to a monoclinic form with a space group P2₁. The FT-Raman study confirms the existence of chemical groups and the formation of two different crystals. The chemical compositions of the as-grown crystalline materials were established by Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The UV–Vis study substantiates the transparency of LHHCL and LHMDHCL in the wavelength regions of 232–1000 nm and 230–1000 nm, respectively. Using the Tauc equation, the bandgap energy was determined as 5.35 eV and 5.38 eV for LHHCL and LHMDHCL crystals, respectively. In addition, the grown crystals have shown a better frequency conversion efficiency in comparison to KDP samples. According to the dielectric study, dielectric characteristics such as dielectric constant and dielectric loss for the LHHCL and LHMDHCL crystals drop as frequency increases. The hardness of the LHHCL and LHMDHCL crystals was measured by Vickers microhardness test which reveals that the grown crystals follow the normal indentation size effect.

     

Application of ion implantation for synthesis of copper nanoparticles in a zinc oxide matrix for obtaining new nonlinear optical materials

We have obtained a layered composite material by implantation of single crystal zinc oxide (ZnO) substrates with 160-keV Cu⁺ ions to a dose of 10¹⁶ or 10¹⁷ cm⁻². The composite was studied by linear optical absorption spectroscopy; the nonlinear optical characteristics were determined by means of Z-scanning at a laser radiation wavelength of 532 nm. The appearance of the optical plasmon resonance bands in the spectra indicated that ion implantation to the higher dose provides for the formation of copper nanoparticles in a subsurface layer of ZnO. The new nonlinear optical material comprising metal nanoparticles in a ZnO matrix exhibits the phenomenon of self-defocusing and possesses a high nonlinear absorption coefficient (β=2.07×10⁻³ cm/W).     

Structural,linear and nonlinear optical,electrical and NBO reports on 4-aminopyridine-1-ium 4-aminobenzoate single crystal for SHG,optoelectronics and violet laser emission applications

Good quality NLO single crystal 4-aminopyridine-1-ium 4-aminobenzoate (4AP4AB) were grown by slow evaporation method. The Single crystal XRD analysis shows that the 4AP4AB compound belongs to the monoclinic system with non-centrosymmetric group C. Further, the molecular structure and vibrational assignments of the grown crystal were analysed by NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. NBO analysis analysed inter and intramolecular interactions. Optical and thermal stabilities have been characterized by UV–Visible and DSC analysis. Linear optical parameters of the 4AP4AB crystal were quantified and listed by UV–visible study. Vicker's microhardness test at room temperature shows that the hardness number increases with increasing the load. The laser damage threshold (LDT) energy has been measured using an Nd:YAG laser. The impedance analysis recorded the dielectric response of the grown 4AP4AB crystal. The appearance of semicircle in Cole–Cole plot represents the dielectric relaxation and resistivity of the 4AP4AB crystal. Solid-state parameters of 4AP4AB were quantified and listed for the theoretical approaches.

     

Growth, linear and nonlinear optical and, laser damage threshold studies of organometallic crystal of MnHg(SCN)4

Single crystals of bimetallic MnHg(SCN)₄ (abbreviated as MMTC) are grown by slow cooling method and the second and third order optical nonlinearities are investigated by Kurtz and Perry powder SHG test and single beam Z-scan technique respectively. The influences of SCN ligand in modifying the NLO properties are discussed and the results are compared with other organometallic crystals. The nonlinear refractive index, absorption coefficient and third order susceptibility are estimated to be −1.88 × 10⁻¹¹ cm²/W, 8.65 × 10⁻⁶ cm/W and 6.58 × 10⁻⁹ esu, respectively. The optical absorption of MMTC single crystal was recorded and the corresponding direct band gap is found to be 4.2 eV. The phase matching and laser induced damage threshold studies are also carried out. The FT-IR and photoluminescence spectroscopic techniques were employed to identify the composition and luminescence nature of the crystal.     

Comparison study of CsLiB6O10 and beta-BaB2O4 as nonlinear media for optical parametric oscillators

We compare the relative merits of the new nonlinear materials CsLiB6O10 and beta-BaB2O4 for use as gain media in a singly or doubly resonant pulsed optical parametric oscillator pumped by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with various parameters. Angle tuning or a wide range can be theoretically stimulated under type I and type II(1) critical phase matching for CsLiB6O10 crystal. The tunable range is 237-2775 nm; the range was extended to the ultraviolet wavelength by fifth-harmonic generation in CsLiB6O10. A comparison of the tunable ranges, resonant thresholds, and conversion efficiencies of CsLiB6O10 and beta-BaB2O4 is obtained by computer simulation. We verify that CsLiB6O10 is an excellent ultraviolet crystal.     

Investigation of optical,thermal and mechanical studies on semi organic nonlinear optical diaquabis(L-lactato)magnesium (DLLM) single crystal for optoelectronic devices applications

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - The Diaquabis(L-lactato)magnesium (DLLM) single crystals have been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The lattice...     

Synthesis,crystal growth,structural, spectral,thermal, mechanical,linear and nonlinear optical studies of organic single crystal 4-Iodo 4-nitrostilbene (IONS): A potential NLO material

An organic nonlinear optical material 4-Iodo 4-nitrostilbene (IONS) has been synthesized and good optical quality single crystal was grown from ethyl methyl ketone solvent by the solution growth technique. Single and powder X-ray diffraction analyses reveals that the grown crystal belongs to monoclinic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group ‘P2₁’ and it has good crystalline nature. Functional groups and molecular structure of the title compound were confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR respectively. The UV–Vis–NIR absorption study reveals no absorption in the visible region and the cut-off wavelength was found to be at 412.84 nm, TG/DTA, mass spectral analysis, photoluminescence and microhardness studies have been carried out for the grown crystals and results are discussed in detail. The second harmonic efficiency of the IONS was determined by Kurtz–Perry powder technique which reveals that the IONS crystal (3.1 V) has greater efficiency i.e., 143 times to that of KDP (21.7 mV).     

Feasibility study on Czochralski (Cz) growth of 3-methoxy 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde (MHBA) single crystals for nonlinear optical applications

Reported large nonlinear optical coefficients such as d₂₂ = 23.8d₃₆^KDP, d₂₁ = 13.5d₃₆^KDP, d₂₃ = 29.1d₃₆^KDP, d₂₅ = 12.8d₃₆^KDP of 3-methoxy 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde (MHBA) attract research on its bulk crystal growth for device application. The X-ray rocking and X-ray topographic studies of Cz-grown organic monoclinic crystals invariably reveal closely aligned sub-crystals which made melt growth difficult. In this context, the single crystal growth of MHBA by Czochralski pulling technique has been successfully demonstrated for the first time in the literature. Comparison study of obtained X-ray powder diffraction data with the literature confirmed the monoclinic structure. High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) study confirms the better crystalline perfection of the grown crystal in comparison to that of solution-grown crystals and revealed the optimization of the growth process along [211¯] direction. TG, DTA and optical transmission studies carried out on the grown crystal exhibit its thermal and optical properties for SHG application.     

Structural,thermal, dielectric,nonlinear optical properties and DFT investigations of a novel material 2-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-N'-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylmethylidene)acetohydrazide for optoelectronic applications

A new organic nonlinear optical (NLO) material 2-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-N'-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylmethylidene)acetohydrazide (CDA) has been synthesized by reflux method. Single crystals were grown by slow evaporation technique and the crystal structure was elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at B3LYP/6–31+?+?G(d, p) basis set was used to predict the molecular geometry and were carried out further to comprehend the electronic structure, vibrational spectra, natural bonding orbitals (NBO), frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP). An optical transparency at the cut-off wavelength of 355 nm was determined by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. Thermal behavior of CDA was studied by TGA/DTA analysis. The dielectric constant (ε), dielectric loss (tan δ) and AC conductivity as a function of frequency and temperature was studied. Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) efficiency of the CDA was determined using Kurtz and Perry powder technique and was 0.5 times greater than that of the KDP crystal. The third-order nonlinear optical properties were investigated in solution by Z-scan technique using a continuous wave (CW) DPSS laser at the wavelength of 532 nm. The title compound exhibited significant two-photon absorption (β?=?2.228?×?10–4 cm W^?1), nonlinear refraction (n₂?=?1.095?×?10–8 cm² W^?1) and optical limiting (OL threshold?=?2.511?×?103 W cm^?2) under the CW regime. The nonlinear optical parameters were calculated using time-dependent Hartree–Fock (TDHF) method. The overall obtained results suggested that the studied CDA molecule could be a potential NLO material for frequency generator, optical limiters and optical switching applications.