汽液平衡数据测定和推算方法

根据物料平衡和相平衡原理,本文建立了由系统总压、总体积和各组分的量来推算恒温二元系统汽液平衡两相组成的间接推算法。利用自行设计、安装并调试的一套测定装置,测定和计算了乙醇-苯系统在25、35、45、55和65℃五个温度下的汽液平衡,与文献值比较结果良好。     

若干液体混合物的粘度和密度测定

本文用比重管和毛细管粘度计测定了乙酸乙酯-四氯化碳-环己烷-苯、甲醇-乙醇-异丙醇-四氯化碳、水-甲醇-乙醇-异丙醇、水-甲醇-丙酮-醋酸四个四元体系及包含的二元、三元体系在298.15K的密度和粘度。     

由恒温汽液平衡数据推算混合焓

报导一种不经过溶液模型，仅依赖数值方法寻求活度系数与温度的关系，进而运用Ｇｉｂｂｓ─Ｈｅｌｍｈｏｌｔｚ方程实现由恒温汽液平衡数据推荐混合焓的方法，以甲醇─１，２─二氯乙烷体系为例所作的推算结果表明该法是切实可行的。     

形状因子对应态原理用于混合物汽液平衡计算

用作者提出的形状因子对应态原理和ｖｄＷ－１型混合法则，计算了二元体系的汽－液平衡。对较简单的体系，本文不需要二元参数，预测结果较好。对复杂的极性体系，加压和超临界体系，关联结果满意。     

液体混合物密度和粘度的实验测定

<正> 本文分别在四个温度下,对乙酸乙酯+正己烷、氯仿+正己烷、四氯化碳+丙酮、乙酸乙酯+丙酮、四氯化碳+甲苯、氯苯+甲苯这6个二元液体混合物的密度和粘度进行了实验测定。包括纯物质在内,总的实验点数为244点。混合物均是涉及极性组分的系统。 根据所测二元系具有易挥发的特点,采用特别加工的密度瓶和乌氏(Ubbelohde)粘度计。     

由过量焓推算汽液平衡

为克服多参数溶液模型在确定参数过程中出现的多峰性问题,本文作者在先前导出的斜率公式基础上,提出了一个参数优化的新方法。并结合本文作者先前提出的一个过量焓和过量自由焓计算的统一模型,对20个不同类型的二元系。由过量焓h~E数据推算了相应体系的汽液平衡数据,推算结果均为良好。本文作者又将新的参数优化方法推广用于三参数的NRTL模型。对4个二元系也进行了由H~E数据推算汽液平衡数据的推算,也均取得了较为满意的结果。这说明新的参数优化方法具有一定的普适性。     

电解质混合溶剂体系汽液平衡的推算

本文建立了由混合溶剂中电解质活度系数推算汽液平衡的数值计算方法。在电解质活度系数测定的盐浓度范围内,NaBr(1)-H_2O(2)-MeOH(3)和HCl(1)-H_2O(2)-MeOH(3)两体系在101.3 kPa下的汽液平衡计算结果与文献值平均绝对偏差分别为:汽相摩尔分率,平衡温度和,对前一体系还能正确地推测出交叉的盐效应规律。     

一些卤乙烷与HF二元混合物的等压汽液平衡常数

本文介绍了通过实验，在恒压条件下，对HF分别与CCl2F－CF2Cl，CHCl2－CF3，CH2Cl－CF3和CH2F－CF3组成的二元混合物的汽液平衡常数（VLE）进行研究的情况。实验结果用三参数NRTL（有规双液理论）模型加以处理。气相的非理想度及亲合度用维里方程式来描述。尽管HF分子具有很强的亲合作用，特别对于那些没有很好混溶区的混合体系，用NRTL法仍能满意地得二元混合物的汽液平衡常数。     

三元体系液体混合物粘度的工程应用预测模型

从普遍适用的热力学关系出发，对Eyring模型进行修正，得到一个新的修正Eyring粘度模型。对三元体系液体混合物粘度的预测结果表明，与McAllister二维三体模型相比，修正的Eyring粘度模型预测结果较优，因此其修正更为合理，更具工程应用的前景。     

碳酸二甲酯-甲醇-氯苯体系汽液平衡数据推算

利用二元体系的汽液平衡数据,选用Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ方程推算了三元体系碳酸二甲酯－甲醇－氯苯的汽液平衡数据,为建立萃取精馏分离碳酸二甲酯和甲醇的数学模型提供了基础数据。     

从过量热力学性质求汽液平衡数据

从两组或两组以上不同温度的过量焓数据以及一组恒温蒸汽压数据出发,基于溶液对应状态原理,提出了一套计算汽液平衡数据的程序:（1）根据溶液对应状态原理求过量焓H~E;（2）求Gibbs过量自由能G~E或其函数Q;（3）求泡点;（4）求汽液平衡数据。对苯-环己烷,苯-正己烷,苯-正庚烷,苯-正辛烷,四氯化碳-苯,四氯化碳-环己烷和四氯化碳-正庚烷的计算结果,与相应的汽液平衡实验值比较,相当满意。因此,本计算程序对于低压下的非极性或弱极性二元系统是适用的。     

从纯组分蒸汽压方程计算混合物汽液平衡

本文运用双流体对应态方法,在常低压区,直接从纯组分蒸汽压方程计算混合物的汽液平衡.此法兼有状态方程法理论严密和活度系数法计算简便的优点.用vdW和Wong两种已有的混合法则配合此法计算,取得一定效果,但限于同系物体系,为此发展了一种新的能量混合法则,用一个调节参数,配合此法计算了大量非(弱)极性-非(弱)极性、极性-极性、极性-非(弱)极性各类体系的汽液平衡,精度相当于活度系数法,关联的参数值有一定规律.     

氨—氢—氮—甲烷混合物气液平衡预测

利用改进的Ｌ－Ｌ二元互作用函数结合简单的ＲＫＳ立方状态方程关联氨－氢－甲烷混合物的６个组分二元系的相平衡实验数据,得到各组分二元系的二元系作用函数的各参数值,后者用来预测该混合物的气液平衡,预测结果和实验值吻合较好。     

利用二元体系的C-H红外光谱推算汽液平衡数据

Prediction of vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) is extremely necessary to separate liquid mixture in chemical production, especially when the required experimental data are difficult to measure, or the measurement is not economical. The infinite dilution activities can be used to predict VLE. However, it needs both thc ends of the activities that are difficult to obtain for many systems. In the present study, a new model is proposed for correlating the frequency shift of C-H stretching band of IR spectra over the whole concentration. Investigated mixtures include water/2-propanol, water/N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), water/methanol, water/ethanol, water/1, 4-dioxane,and water/dimethylsulfoxidc (DMSO) systems. Simultaneous correlations of C-H frequency shift and VLE data arc made. Furthermore, the VLE data were predicted with satisfactory results by the parameters obtained from IR spectra coupled with one of the infinite dilution activity coefficients.     

采用 UNIFAC 模型预测吸收式循环氨-离子液体工质对的气液相平衡简

On the basis of reported experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium （VLE） data of NH3-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate （NH3-[Emim]Ac）, NH3-1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate （NH3-[Bmim][BF4]）, NH3-1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate （NH3-[Mmim]DMP） and NH3-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate （NH3-[Emim]EtOSO3） binary systems, the interaction parameters of 14 new groups have been regressed by means of the UNIFAC model. To validate the reliability of the method, these parameters have been used to calculate the VLE data with the average relative deviation of pressures of less than 9.35%. The infinite dilution activity coefficient （ γ1∞ ） and the absorption potential （ φ1 ） are important evaluation criterions of the affinity between working pair species of the absorption cycle. The UNIFAC model is implemented to predict the values of and φ1 of t6 sets of NH3-ionic liquid （1L） systems. The work found that the φ1 gradually increases following the impact order： φ1（[Cnmim][BF4]）〈φ1（[Cnmim]EtOSO3）〈φ1（[Cnmim]DMP）〈φ1（[Cnmim]Ac） （n= 1, 2, 3, … ） at a given cation of IL species and constant temperature, and φ1（[Mmim]X）〈φ1（[Emim]X）〈φ1（[Pmim]X）〈 φ1（[Bmim]X）（X= Ac, [BF4], DMP or EtOSO3） at a given anion of IL species and constant temperature. Furthermore, the φ1 gradually increases with increasing temperature. Then, it could be concluded that the working pair NH3-[BmimlAc has the best potential research value relatively.     

Prediction of Liquid Viscosities of Petroleum Fractions

A general equation is proposed for predicting the liquid viscosities of petroleum fzac-riots based on a generalied pseudocompound method in which pure hydrocarbons and undefined hydrocarbon mixtures or petroleum fractions are treated as a hypothetical pure substance called pseudocompound which is chaxacterized only by a boiling point and a density. The equation is tested by using the liquld viscosities of the petroleum fractlons of typical American crude oils and crude oils from major oil producing sreas. Good agreement between the predicted and experlmental viscosities for the petroleum fractions is obtained.     

A Simple Model for Predicting the Effect of Electrolytes on the Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data of Solvent Mixtures

Abstract

A simple model based on a newly defined quantity, the inverse relative solubility coefficient for predicting the effect of an electrolyte on the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data, is proposed to give reliable predictions of vapor-phase composition, pressure, and temperature. The fundamental properties of the components are required to arrive at the predictions. The model excludes the use of any adjustable parameter.     

烃-醇系混合热的测量和汽液平衡数据的推算

用PICKER动态型微量热计测量了三个温度下八个烃-醇二元系的混合热数据.提出了一个研究烃-醇系热力学性质的新的热力学模型——拟化学溶液模型(QCSM),用该模型关联了混合热实验数据和部分体系的等温汽液平衡数据,计算值和实验值间符合良好.以混合热拟合得到的QCSM参数及其与温度的关系式,推算了8个烃-醇二元系的244个等温或等压汽液平衡数据,获得了满意的结果.汽相摩尔分数的平均误差为0.004—0.032.     

Calculation of Vapor‐Liquid Equilibrium Data of Binary Mixtures Using Vapor Pressure Data

The design of plants or unit operations requires the knowledge of data for multicomponent systems. An approach is presented for the regression of binary interaction parameters required for the calculation of activity coefficients. Binary vapor pressure data are used to correlate these parameters for calculation of vapour/liquid equilibrium data. The advantage of the approach is the fact that only easily measured vapor pressure data are required. The procedure is demonstrated by means of two binary mixtures. Parameter regression, prediction of vapour/liquid equilibrium data as well as their experimental verification are demonstrated.     

利用二元体系的C H红外光谱推算汽液平衡数据

Prediction of vapor-liquid equilibrium （VLE） is extremely necessary to separate liquid mixture in chemical production, especially when the required experimental data are difficult to measure, or the measurement is not economical. The infinite dilution activities can be used to predict VLE. However, it needs both the ends of the activities that are difficult to obtain for many systems. In the present study, a new model is proposed for correlating the frequency shift of C-H stretching band of IR spectra over the whole concentration. Investigated mixtures in- clude water/2-propanol, water/N, N-dimethylformamide （DMF）, water/methanol, water/ethanol, water/1, 4-dioxane, and water/dimethylsulfoxide （DMSO） systems. Simultaneous correlations of C--H frequency shift and VLE data are made. Furthermore, the VLE data were predicted with satisfactory results by the parameters obtained from IR spectra coupled with one ot the intinite chlution activity coefficients.