基于自适应滑动均值和小波阈值的叶尖间隙信号降噪方法

动叶片与发动机机匣之间的叶尖间隙参数是反映航空发动机工作性能和运行安全的关键状态参数之一.提高叶尖间隙信号信噪比是实现高精度叶尖间隙测量的关键,为此提出基于自适应滑动均值和小波阈值的混合叶尖间隙信号实时降噪方法.首先根据叶片转速等信息,估算叶尖间隙信号带宽大小,然后通过动态改变滑动均值滤波的滑动点数来实现自适应低通滤波...     

基于USB3.0的多通道叶尖间隙数据采集系统设计

动叶片与发动机机匣之间的叶尖间隙参数是反映航空发动机工作性能和运行安全的关键状态参数之一。多级多叶片叶尖间隙同时进行测量时，叶尖间隙测量数据量巨大，多通道数据快速处理与传输至关重要。设计了基于USB3.0的4通道叶尖间隙数据采集系统，提出了全采集和在板处理两种数据处理方法。利用FPGA高速并行处理多路ADC量化数据，通过USB3.0总线将预处理后数据传输至计算机，以进行数据后处理、显示与存储。通过实验验证了数据采集系统的有效性，USB3.0接口的数据传输带宽可达400 MB/s，系统理论上可扩展至32通道叶尖间隙信号输入。数据采集系统可同时满足叶尖间隙离线数据分析和实时在线监测的不同测量需求，设计方法在叶尖间隙测量工程应用方面具有重要意义。     

一种新型高速旋转叶片振动测量传感器的研究

高速旋转叶片振动实时检测技术是航空工业亟待解决的难题,传统的接触式测量方法如电阻应变片法,已不能满足测振系统对高转速、实时、全面监测的要求,并且很难做到监测所有叶片振动.为提高旋转叶片振动测量系统的性能,国外一直在发展非接触式旋转叶片测振技术.本文设计了一种新型的基于叶尖定时原理和光纤传感的、旋转叶片测振用的光纤传感器(叶尖定时传感器),满足了旋转叶片振动监测系统对叶片振动信号拾取的要求.     

叶尖定时旋转叶片振动测量新技术

设计了一套基于叶尖定时传感的旋转叶片振动测量系统.系统主要由光电传感系统、振动信号采集与预处理系统、叶片振动数据处理系统3部分组成.叶尖定时传感器采用单根光纤发射、多光纤接收的Y型结构,并用高性能专用集成芯片完成弱光信号的放大检测,使传感器信噪比大于500,信号带宽大于50 MHz.设计了基于PCI总线,并融合CPLD和DSP技术的高速叶尖定时信号实时采集与处理板卡;建立了同步共振条件下叶片振动的数据处理模型,实现了叶片振动的实时监测.     

基于光纤传感的旋转叶片振动检测技术研究

论述的涡轮机高速旋转叶片振动监测系统采用了基于反射式光纤工作原理的新型光纤束式叶尖定时传感器,能够高效地收集叶尖定时信号,配合后续的光电转换、数据采集、数据分析,实现了高速旋转叶片的实时振动检测。整套系统在现场高速模拟转子的实时监测试验中工作性能良好,得到的结果与同时进行监测的应变计试验结果基本一致,分析的异步振动阶次和频率也基本符合,这将有利于进一步改进和完善整套系统,使之能达到发动机在线监测的要求。     

航空发动机碳纤维复合材料风扇叶片叶尖间隙测量研究

动叶片的叶尖间隙参数直接决定航空发动机的工作效率和运行安全，随着发动机朝着质量更轻、运转效率更高的方向发展，碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)被广泛应用于大涵道比航空发动机风扇叶片的设计，然而材料导电性会影响间隙测量结果。提出了一种基于电容法的CFRP叶片叶尖间隙测量方法；利用显微观察和元素分析，获取了CFRP叶片导电性规律，建立了仅碳纤维层参与构成电容器极板的叶尖间隙测量模型；开展了金属叶片和CFRP叶片叶尖间隙测量的仿真和实验，结果表明，两种叶片在不同间隙值下的电容输出呈比例关系，CFRP叶片的叶尖间隙测量精度优于45μm;完成了某型大涵道比航空发动机的测量试验，验证了航空发动机CFRP风扇叶片叶尖间隙测量方法的可行性和可靠性。     

直升机发动机超转实验系统的测频设计

本文采用FPGA技术测量直升机发动机转速,介绍了双通道等精度测频的原理,设计了信号调理电路,并在FPGA上设计了Verilog代码,在实际应用中测量直升机发动机转速表现了良好的系统实时性能。     

9.基于自适应滑动均值和小波阈值的叶尖间隙信号降噪方法

动叶片与发动机机匣之间的叶尖间隙参数是反映航空发动机工作性能和运行安全的关键状态参数之一。提高叶尖间隙信号信噪比是实现高精度叶尖间隙测量的关键,为此提出基于自适应滑动均值和小波阈值的混合叶尖间隙信号实时降噪方法。首先根据叶片转速等信息,估算叶尖间隙信号带宽大小,然后通过动态改变滑动均值滤波的滑动点数来实现自适应低通滤波,最后结合小波阈值降噪时频分析能力,进一步降低噪声干扰。通过仿真实验确定采用对db5小波基函数进行6层小波阈值分解.仿真结果表明该方法在各项降噪评价指标方面全面优于现有的有限脉冲响应和固定点滑动均值滤波方法。1000rpm~4000rpm转速范围内实际测试表明,该方法最大测量误差为16μｍ,有效提高叶尖间隙测量精度。     

基于光纤技术的叶尖定时传感器的设计

叶片振动测量对航空发动机、电站涡轮机及各种压气机的强度设计和研究及安全监测非常重要。光纤传感器的出现 ,克服了传统传感器的缺陷 ,为实时精确测量高速旋转叶片振动提供了可靠的保证。描述了基于光纤传感技术的叶尖定时传感器的设计及其性能。     

基于ARM和FPGA的旋转叶片振动信号仿真系统设计

设计了一种脉冲信号发生器,作为高速旋转叶片振动测量系统中的测试环节,实时模拟现场光纤传感器产生的多路脉冲信号,用以测试和验证上位机软件算法的可靠性.对旋转叶片进行数学建模,提取影响叶片振动的相关参数,计算出各传感器脉冲信号产生的时间;实现了基于ARM和FPGA的硬件方案,使用ARM进行外设的控制,使用FPGA进行主要运算和脉冲信号的输出.将该设备应用于叶片振动测量系统,能够产生准确的脉冲信号,完全满足系统高速、高精度的要求,通过自带键盘或串口输入参数,该设备具有足够的可调范围,且同时做到便携性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.