羊肚菌固态发酵玉米蛋白粉的研究

以玉米蛋白粉为主要原料,采用羊肚菌对其进行固态发酵培养,确定羊肚菌固态发酵玉米蛋白粉的培养基配方以及培养条件。结果表明:羊肚菌固态发酵玉米蛋白粉最适培养基配方为玉米蛋白粉30 g、葡萄糖2.5%、Mg SO4·7H2O 0.15%、KH2PO40.25%、含水量65%;最佳培养条件为接种量14%、培养温度25℃、初始p H 6、发酵时间20 d。此条件下,得蛋白转化率为22.36%,菌丝体生物量为0.136 9 g/g。对发酵前后玉米蛋白粉进行氨基酸分析,结果表明:发酵后亲水性氨基酸含量比发酵前提高12.75%。对玉米蛋白粉原料和发酵后玉米蛋白粉进行扫描电镜观察,发酵后的玉米蛋白紧密的结构被打开,表面积增加,表面凹凸加剧,孔洞更为明显。     

羊肚菌液体发酵培养基成分及培养条件的优化

采用单因素和正交试验设计法对羊肚菌液体发酵培养基成分及培养条件的优化进行了研究。结果表明,羊肚菌液体发酵培养基最佳配方为可溶性淀粉2.5%,酵母膏2.5%,MgSO4 0.1%, KH2PO4 0.2%, VB1 0.2%;最适培养条件：pH值为7,发酵温度28℃、转速140r/min,装液量100mL/250mL,摇床振荡培养7d,在最佳条件下所生产的菌丝生物量为3.438g/200mL。羊肚菌液体发酵培养基成分和发酵条件的优化工艺能高效生产菌丝体,为以后开发羊肚菌真菌资源产品奠定了基础。     

粗柄羊肚菌液体发酵条件研究

对粗柄羊肚菌菌丝体液体发酵的条件进行了研究。结果表明,在PYG(0.5%酵母提取物的PDA)培养基上,合适的摇瓶培养条件是:发酵温度25℃,发酵摇瓶转速150r/min,培养基装量为150mL/500mL(加10粒玻璃珠),添加0.7%的羧甲基纤微素(CMC)可以明显地提高菌丝体的生物量。在上述摇瓶培养条件基础上,通过6种发酵培养基发酵实验,获得生物量最高的发酵培养基,其组成为麦芽汁50%、玉米粉2%、酵母提取物0.5%,发酵生物量为16.4g,再生率为9%。     

粗柄羊肚菌液体发酵条件研究

对粗柄羊肚菌菌丝体液体发酵的条件进行了研究.结果表明,在PYG(0.5%酵母提取物的PDA)培养基上,合适的摇瓶培养条件是:发酵温度25℃,发酵摇瓶转速150 r/min,培养基装量为150mL/500mL(加10粒玻璃珠),添加0.7%的羧甲基纤微素(CMC)可以明显地提高菌丝体的生物量.在上述摇瓶培养条件基础上,通过6种发酵培养基发酵实验,获得生物量最高的发酵培养基,其组成为麦芽汁50%、玉米粉2%、酵母提取物0.5%,发酵生物量为16.4g,再生率为9%.     

羊肚菌菌丝体液体发酵醋的研制

研究以豆渣为基料液态培养羊肚菌菌丝体,并通过酒精发酵和醋酸发酵获得具有功能性的食用茵醋.结果显示,利用豆渣为基料培养食用菌,有利于豆渣中营养物质利用,菌丝体生长速度较快,菌丝体均匀.羊肚菌菌丝体培养的优化条件为:豆渣基料9%、葡萄糖2%、MgSO40.1%、KH2PO40.05%,接种量10%,26℃恒温振荡培养2d,羊肚菌菌丝体生物量达2.2g/100mL;酒精发酵的优化条件为:将可溶性固形物调到12Birx,酵母菌接种量0.1%,30℃恒温培养6d,酒精度达7%(V/V);醋酸发酵的优化条件为:250mL三角瓶装液量为100mL,醋酸菌接种量为8%,30℃恒温培养6d,醋酸含量为5.03g/100mL,达到了食醋的标准.     

南丰蜜桔残次果富集培养果酒酵母的研究

以南丰蜜桔残次果为原料,添加磷酸二氢钾、氯化铵富集培养果酒酵母,对果汁培养基配方和发酵条件进行优化实验,结果表明,果汁培养基最佳配方为:糖含量9%、磷酸二氢钾添加量0.08%、氯化铵添加量0.04%;最适果酒酵母发酵条件为:pH4.5,接种量6%,装液量100mL/250mL,发酵时间16h.     

正红菇液体发酵培养基和发酵条件的研究

研究了正红菇(Russulavinosa)在发酵过程中菌丝体及胞外多糖产量的变化趋势,碳源、氮源、无机盐以及发酵温度、pH值、时间和装液量等因素对正红菇液体深层发酵菌丝产量的影响。结果表明,蔗糖为最佳碳源,酵母膏为最佳氮源,优化培养基配方为蔗糖40g/L,酵母膏9g/L,KH2PO42g/L,MgSO41g/L;最适菌丝体生长的液体发酵条件:培养温度28℃￣30℃,初始pH值为5.5￣6.5,250mL三角瓶装液量为50mL￣60mL,发酵时间为5d。通过优化培养基和发酵条件,胞外多糖产量达到4.96g/L,菌丝体生物量达到22.34g/L。     

羊肚菌液体深层发酵条件

以羊肚菌为材料，研究了发酵过程中碳源、氮源、无机盐、培养条件对菌丝体生物量、胞外多糖的影响，以及发酵过程中菌丝体生物量、胞外多糖、总糖及还原糖质量浓度、培养基PH值的动态变化，并在此基础上确定了羊肚菌液体深层发酵的最佳条件。结果表明：羊肚菌液体深层发酵的最优培养基配比为：玉米粉4．0g／dL、葡萄糖1．0g／dL、黄豆粉2．0g／dL、酵母粉0．3g／dL、KH2PO4 0．2g／dL、MgSO4 0．1g／dL、CaSO4 0．1g／dL；最优培养条件为：24℃，起始pH5．8，250mL的摇瓶装液量为100mL，接种量10mL，摇瓶转速140r／min，发酵时间为108h。     

白灵菇产胞外多糖液体培养条件优化

以菌丝体生物量及发酵液中胞外多糖(exopolysaccharides,EPS)含量为指标对白灵菇产胞外多糖的液体培养基组成和发酵条件进行了优化。结果表明,最适碳源是麦芽糖,最适氮源是酵母膏。正交实验确定最佳培养基组成为麸皮200g/L,麦芽糖25g/L,酵母膏3g/L,KH2PO41g/L,MgSO·47H2O1g/L。最佳发酵条件为起始pH8.0,培养温度25℃,摇床转速160r/min,装液量100mL/250mL,接种量0.50cm2菌种块,发酵时间4d。在此条件下,白灵菇菌丝体生物量(0.413g/100mL)及胞外多糖含量(2403.2mg/L)分别是对照(0.177g/100mL和664.533mg/L)的2.3倍和3.6倍。     

米曲霉制备麦糟蛋白肽固态发酵培养基优化

以麦糟为原料,通过米曲霉固态发酵制备麦糟蛋白肽,研究不同培养基条件对肽转化率的影响。通过单因素实验考察碳源添加种类、碳源添加量、磷酸二氢钾添加量和料液比对肽转化率的影响,并采用响应曲面法优化培养基条件,建立肽转化率与各影响因素间的回归方程。结果表明,米曲霉发酵制备麦糟蛋白肽的最优培养基条件为:蔗糖添加量4.21%,磷酸二氢钾添加量0.51%,料液比1:3（g·mL?1）,在该条件下,发酵麦糟肽转化率可达50.73%。结果可为生物转化麦糟生产蛋白肽提供技术参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press