沿海地区污水处理厂雨水混入率对设计规模的影响

以沿海地区台州某污水处理厂为例,基于三角形法,对雨水混入与污水处理厂水质、水量的响应关系进行分析,探讨雨水混入率对污水处理厂设计规模的影响。结果表明:沿海地区污水处理厂进水水质受降雨影响较大,实际进水水质因雨水混入而小于设计值;沿海地区污水处理厂处理水质效果较差,污染负荷削减率平均值远低于全国平均值;小雨时,沿海地区污水处理厂污染负荷削减率最高,污染负荷削减率随着降雨规模的增大而减小;沿海地区污水处理厂满负荷运行时,污水量处理率较低,为60%~70%;沿海地区污水处理厂实际进水量远大于设计值,水量设计规模宜考虑乘1.4的修正系数。     

城市污水处理厂进水动态特性及其影响研究

城市污水处理厂进水负荷的大幅度变化会对污水处理厂的安全稳定运行造成较大影响,使污水处理工艺很难保持在最佳的运行状态。针对污水处理厂进水动态变化特性,研究其变化规律、形成原因及其对污水处理厂运行的影响,结果表明,污水处理厂的进水水量存在周期性变化,进水水质变化属正态分布,而且水质指标间显著关联。在掌握动态特性的基础上,提出了基于动态模拟评价降雨等冲击负荷影响污水处理厂运行的指标和方法。     

城镇污水处理厂进水污染物负荷调研分析

伴随城镇污水处理厂大规模建设,排水系统的提质增效成为行业面临的重要问题,以全国部分污水处理厂进水水质数据为依据,对进水污染物负荷变化情况进行简要分析,又对北京市中心城区进水污染物变化情况进行了深入分析,对排入管网的污染物负荷变化进行规律性总结。结果表明,受汛期雨水稀释影响,各污水处理厂均存在水量超负荷、污染物总量低负荷的情况,单纯以水量计算污水处理负荷不够全面,建议结合污染物当量规范运行准则。     

北京市郊区某污水处理厂工程调试研究

介绍北京市郊区某污水处理厂工程的设计参数及A2O-MBR组合工艺。对污水处理厂调试期进、出水水质指标进行分析,结果表明调试期出水水质基本达标,工艺运行可靠。但调试期间仍存在部分水质指标超标问题和工艺设计问题,为此,建议污水处理厂调试期,重点控制氮、磷指标,调整运行参数;新建和改造污水处理厂时,核心工艺宜采用多系列组合。此外,为提高污水处理厂的运行效率,建议污水处理厂运营管理人员全程参与项目建设,以便在污水处理厂运行过程中,针对污水水质、水量的波动,调整工艺运行参数。     

滇池流域污水管网旱季水质水量特征研究

管网中污水的水质水量变化与污水处理厂的稳定运行密切相关。对昆明市第六污水处理厂进水口以及服务范围内的广福路干管、云秀路干管、新宝象河南岸干管进行了水质水量监测,结果表明:污水处理厂实际进水水质频繁超出设计值,2012年COD、BOD5、SS、TN和TP超出设计值的天数分别为202d、147d、209d、309d和175d。三根主干管的TN值持续高于污水处理厂进水设计值,广福路干管和云秀路干管夜间会出现水质水量冲击负荷。建议有关部门加强污染企业排入市政管网的水质监督;加强管网的检测、维护和修复,减少垃圾、河水、雨水进入污水管网,以免影响进水水质;合理调整运行参数并强化脱氮除磷,保证出水水质稳定达标。     

市政污水处理厂处理工艺比较简

采用深圳西丽污水处理厂、北京北苑污水处理厂、菲律宾马利基纳北部污水处理厂和越南岘岛污水处理厂的设计数据．分别对原水设计水质和水量、污染物去除结果、生物处理工艺参数、运行电耗和化学药剂投加量进行分析比较．为市政污水处理工艺选择提供参考。     

化工园区综合污水处理厂冬季运行管理实践

化工园区综合污水处理厂在冬季由于受低温影响,水质水量变化较大,污染物含量升高,深度处理工艺及生化处理工艺设备、管道易发生故障。为保证稳定达标运行,污水处理厂需在入冬前采取加强点巡检、维护完善设备设施措施。结合污水处理运行的实践,对化工园区综合污水处理厂冬季运行的工艺控制参数、工艺管理、设备管理、解冻措施等运行管理进行了论述。     

北方城市冬季供暖水排入对污水处理厂的水质水量影响分析

北方城市在冬季供暖期普遍存在供暖水直排入污水管道的问题.以北方某污水处理厂为例,探讨并分析冬季供暖水对污水处理厂进水水量水质及污染物削减效率的影响.结果表明:供暖水若以排入污水管道的方式解决,污水处理厂进水量在供暖期突增或以溢流等形式排河,进水浓度大幅下降.供暖水排入污水处理厂对COD削减率影响较小,但对氨氮削减率影响...     

南北方污水处理厂进水水质特性分析

选取低碳氮比的两座污水处理厂进行南北方污水处理厂进水水质特性分析,并相应提出了初沉池优化运行的建议。两座污水处理厂进水碳源不足的问题均比较突出,对于生物脱氮系统,进水中均为碳氮比的影响最大。进入雨季,相对于旱季两座污水处理厂进水水质和水量均有所变化,但变化幅度有明显区别。两座污水处理厂进水有机物、氮和磷的日变化规律不相同,极值出现的时间也有所不同,但有机物浓度均主要受到非溶解性有机物浓度影响。两座污水处理厂进水中有机物组分比例不同,北方污水处理厂溶解性易生物降解碳源比例高,非溶解性慢速不可生物降解碳源比例低。两座污水处理厂根据进水水质特征采用不同的生物处理工艺,出水水质均能稳定达标。     

MBR-O3工艺用于高排放标准污水处理厂的设计案例

结合北京西北地区某污水处理厂工程的实施,探讨了在应对乡镇污水处理厂水质、水量波动大、出水水质要求高时工艺路线的选择及池形、参数的选取和运用。通过一年多的实际运行,出水水质稳定达到北京市地方标准《城镇污水处理厂水污染物排放标准》(DB 11890-2012)A标准要求。     

An integrated approach for improving the wastewater discharge and treatment systems

Since treatment plants have been built all over Germany during the last decades, the water quality of receiving streams has been improved remarkably. But there are still a lot of quality problems left, which are caused e.g. by combined sewer overflows (CSO), treatment plant effluents or rainwater discharges from separate sewer systems. At present different efforts are undertaken to control sewer systems in order to improve the operation of urban drainage systems or more generally, design processes. The Emschergenossenschaft and Lippeverband (EG/LV) are carrying out research studies, which are focusing on a minimization of total emissions from sewer systems both from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and from CSO. They consider dynamic interactions between rainfall, resultant wastewater, combined sewers, WWTP and receiving streams. Therefore, in an advanced wastewater treatment, a model-based improvement of WWTP operation becomes more and more essential, and consequently a highly qualified operational staff is needed. Some aspects of the current research studies are presented in this report. The need and the use of an integrated approach to combine existing model components in order to optimize dynamic management of combined sewer systems (CSS) with a benefit for nature are outlined.     

Integrated operation of sewer system and WWTP by simulation-based control of the WWTP inflow.

In recent years numerical modelling became a standard procedure to optimise urban wastewater systems design and operation by integration. For dynamic control of the wastewater teatment plant (WWTP) inflow, a model-based predictive concept is introduced aiming at improving the receiving water quality. An on-line simulator running parallel to the real WWTP operation reflects the actual state of operation and provides this model information to a prognosis tool which determines the best option for the WWTP inflow. The investigations showed that it is possible to reduce the NH4-N peak concentrations in the receiving water by dynamic WWTP inflow control based on predictive scenario analysis.     

国外污水处理厂改造工程实例分析

对国外4座污水处理厂改造工程实例进行了分析研究,通过对原有工艺流程改造,部分单元采用新技术、新工艺,调整工艺参数等改造方案,在充分利用原有污水处理设施的前提下,满足了处理水量增加或水质标准提高的要求.     

Membrane bio-reactor for advanced textile wastewater treatment and reuse.

Textile wastewater contains slowly- or non-biodegradable organic substances whose removal or transformation calls for advanced tertiary treatments downstream Activated Sludge Treatment Plants (ASTP). This work is focused on the treatment of textile industry wastewater using Membrane Bio-reactor (MBR) technology. An experimental activity was carried out at the Baciacavallo Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) (Prato, Italy) to verify the efficiency of a pilot-scale MBR for the treatment of municipal wastewater, in which textile industry wastewater predominates. In the Baciacavallo WWTP the biological section is followed by a coagulation-flocculation treatment and ozonation. During the 5 months experimental period, the pilot-scale MBR proved to be very effective for wastewater reclamation. On average, removal efficiency of the pilot plant (93% for COD, 96% for ammonium and 99% for total suspended solids) was higher than the WWTP ones. Color was removed as in the WWTP. Anionic surf actants removal of pilot plant and WWTP were very similar (92.5 and 93.3% respectively), while the non-ionic surfactants removal was higher in the pilot plant (99.2 vs. 97.1). In conclusion the MBR technology demonstrated to be effective for textile wastewater reclamation, leading both to an improvement of pollutants removal and to a draw-plate simplification.     

Long-term effects of the ozonation of the sludge recycling stream on excess sludge reduction and biomass activity at full-scale

This paper presents a full-scale experience of sludge minimization by means of short contact time ozonation in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) mainly fed on textile wastewater. The WWTP performance over a 3-year operational data series was analysed and compared with a two-year operation with sludge ozonation. Lab-scale respirometric tests were also performed to characterize biomass activity upstream and downstream of the ozone contact reactor. Results suggest that sludge ozonation: (1) is capable of decreasing excess sludge production by 17%; (2) partially decreases both N removal, by lowering the denitrification capacity, and P removal, by reducing biomass synthesis; (3) increases the decay rate from the typical value of 0.62 d(-1) to 1.3 d(-1); (4) decreases the heterotrophic growth yield from the typical value of 0.67 to 0.58 gCOD/gCOD.     

Dynamic optimisation of WWTP inflow to reduce total emission.

A prerequisite for an integrated control of sewer and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a capacity driven inflow control to WWTP. This requires reliable information about the current status of WWTP operation and its behaviour on varying hydraulic, COD and nutrient loads. So far most of the proposed control strategies are based on hypothetical modelling studies. In this paper the behaviour of three large WWTPs on increased storm water loads is analysed based on online measurements of several years. In all cases the main limiting factors for an increase of load were the sedimentation processes in the secondary clarifier and the nitrification capacity. In one case study predictive control strategies have been developed observing these processes which are backboned by effluent control. Tests using an integrated model of sewer and WWTP demonstrate that inflow control on emission load varies significantly with rain intensity.     

Bulking control by low-dose ozonation of returned activated sludge in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant

Sludge bulking is still a problem in the operation of state-of-the-art wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The ozonation of returned activated sludge (RAS) is an innovative option as a non-specific measure for the control of filament growth. The applicability of sludge ozonation for bulking control of a large wastewater treatment plant was investigated. At a full-scale WWTP one lane was equipped with a sludge ozonation plant for RAS. The implemented sludge ozonation of RAS was tested against the two identical references lanes of the same WWTP. The positive effect on settleability could be clearly proven. Low-dose sludge ozonation could be a technical alternative in comparison with the established chemical measures for bulking control.     

Direct precipitation on demand at large Scandinavian WWTPs reduces the effluent phosphorus load

On demand use of direct precipitation of wastewater has been successfully implemented at several large Scandinavian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as a cost-efficient method of treating wastewater bypassing secondary treatment. During wet weather situations or when the capacity of secondary treatment is reduced excess wastewater can be treated through efficient direct precipitation. This increases the total capacity of the WWTP to remove phosphorus during these periods. This treatment strategy allows the WWTPs to meet stringent effluent phosphorus limits without extending secondary treatment of the main plant, despite high wet weather flows. The gain in terms of reduced phosphorus emissions varies depending on local conditions such as climate, collection system and secondary treatment capacity. It also varies from year to year depending on the weather and reductions of capacity due to planned refurbishing or unplanned breakdown of equipment. Operating chemical precipitation on demand has proved to contain challenges to operation and organisation of the WWTP. These challenges include logistics of start-up, training of staff and maintaining the system between occasions of operation. Sufficient up-stream storage capacity, reliable weather forecasts and good contracts with suppliers of chemicals are keys of success.     

Comparison of activated sludge microbial communities using Biolog™ MicroPlates

Laboratory models of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) provide controlled systems for studying chemical biodegradability and removal as well as WWTP microbial ecology and engineering. In this study, Continuous Activated Sludge (CAS, 3-L) and Semi-Continuous Activated Sludge (SCAS, 2.5-L) units were maintained for up to 17 weeks using feedstocks of either fresh WWTP sewage, a complex synthetic wastewater, or a simple glucose/peptone feed (SCAS only). The goal of this research was to evaluate the microbial communities of the WWTP and the CAS and SCAS units to determine which laboratory models, and which feedstocks, were able to maintain the complexity of the WWTP microbial communities in the laboratory. One endpoint evaluated to this study was microbial community metabolic profiles, as measured using Biolog MicroPlates. Biolog Microplates contain 95 different pre-dried carbon sources and a tetrazolium dye used to spectrophotometrically measure oxidation of carbon sources. The Biolog carbon source utilization patterns of the CAS communities were similar to the SCAS communities when both were fed WWTP sewage. In addition, the profiles for these laboratory models remained similar to the WWTP microbial communities, even over an extended cultivation time (l6 weeks) in the CAS systems. Amendment with a complex synthetic wastewater (25% by chemical oxygen demand) did not affect microbial metabolic response in the CAS systems, but amendment (100% by chemical oxygen demand) with a simple glucosepeptone wastewater in the SCAS system resulted m a measurable shift in microbial metabolic response.